Do you know the physical characteristics of pterosaurs?

Pterodactyls were larger than other pterosaurs, they had almost no teeth, while other pterosaurs did. A typical pterosaur had a shorter tail than other pterosaurs and had a crest on its head. Some pterosaurs were the size of the average bird, while others could grow as large as small airplanes, with the largest pterosaurs having wings of thirty-nine feet (12 meters).

The appearance of the pterosaur is characterized by a pair of very large wings, and the hind limbs of the pterosaur are developed, the forelimbs are relatively short, the neck of the pterosaur is also very long, and the dragon also has the ability to fly.

I know, I've watched TV shows about the characteristics of dinosaurs, and this pterosaur was very fast.

I know that pterosaurs are as nimble as birds and have wings, which is why they can fly.

1. Pterodactyl, also known as pterosauria, is an extinct reptile with nearly 100 species. Despite being the same era as dinosaurs in their existence, pterosaurs were not dinosaurs. The Greek word for "winged lizard" is an evolutionary clade of flying reptiles.

It lived from the Late Triassic to the end of the Cretaceous, about 210 million years ago to 65 million years ago. Pterodactyls were the first vertebrates to fly, and the wings of pterosaurs were derived from the membrane located between the sides of the body and the four wing phalanges.

2. Earlier species had long, tooth-covered jaws and long tails; Later species have significantly shortened tails and lack teeth. Pterodactyls ranged greatly in size, from the small forest pterosaur as a bird, to the largest flying creatures ever seen on Earth, such as the Aeolus pterosaur and the hatezgow pterosaur, with a wingspan of more than 12 meters, teeth 10 centimeters long, and a huge pointed beak.

The only way to describe the appearance of pterosaurs is that pterosaurs are a very special class of reptiles with unique skeletal structural characteristics. The forelimbs of pterosaurs are highly degenerate, and the fourth finger is lengthened and thickened to become the flying wing finger, which is composed of four wing phalanges, the front end has no claws, and together with the forelimbs, it forms the strong leading edge of the flying wing, supporting and connecting the membranes of the side of the body and the hind limbs, forming a wing membrane that can fly with a wing membrane similar to the wings of birds.

The wrist of the pterosaur developed a wing bone that protruded forward to the shoulder, which supported the wing membrane. The first to third fingers grow on the outside of the wing membrane and become hooked claws, and the fifth finger degenerates and disappears. The size and morphology of pterosaurs vary greatly, as in the 70s of the 20th century, in Texas, USA.

Pterodactyl found.

The fossil is about 16 meters wide and about 16 meters wider than the F-16 fighter jet, and the smaller one is shaped like a sparrow. There were two main groups of pterosaurs, the early beaco-billed dinosaurs were more primitive and lived mainly in the Jurassic.

has a very long tail; Late pterosaurs lived mainly in the Cretaceous period.

The tail is very short and even disappears.

The body gradually becomes smaller, and it looks more and more like a bird, with hollow bones and a light body; skull enlargement, agile movement; The forelimbs grew longer and longer, flapping like the wings of birds, and their bodies grew beautiful feathers, no longer covered with scales or scale armor.

Some of these species may migrate to trees to survive in order to escape predators or to find food. These arboreal dinosaurs jumped and landed between trees, slowly gaining the ability to glide and eventually take the initiative to fly.

The principle of pterosaur flight

The wing membrane structure that supported the flight of pterosaurs was completely different from the wing structures of vertebrates, birds, and bats that were able to fly later. Pterodactyls formed a wing surface from the epithelium, a membrane of muscles, and other soft tissues that stretched from the thorax to the extremely long fourth finger.

The membrane is supported by other phalanges. The membrane of the pterosaur was attached to only a slender finger that extended posteriorly along the side of the body to the knee; There is an additional epithelia between the neck and the arm. The front three phalanges are claw-shaped, slender hooks.

Its membranes appear to be perfectly adapted to flight and gliding, but they are not as flexible and fragile as bats' membranes or birds' wings. The body is strong, with long, thin hind legs, the structure of which suggests that it is not adapted to vertical movement or rest, and is suspended by hind limbs when resting.

Pterodactyls lived in the Cretaceous period, and their bones were found in Europe. Pterodactyl was not very large, its wings were only about 22 centimeters. But the wings of the Aeolian pterosaur were 12 meters long, the size of a bus.

American scientists have discovered a kind of pterosaur, its wings are more than 15 meters long, many flying ornithischian dragons are somewhat like today's bats, they seem to use a pair of hands to support huge wings, so they have wings and sharp claws have become a major feature of them. It has been suggested that later birds evolved from them.

The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States published a joint research by Wang Xiaolin, Zhou Zhonghe, researchers from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and two scientists from the Brazilian Academy of Sciences. It is reported that this is one of the smallest known pterosaur fossils in the world.

This fossil comes from the sedimentary strata of the Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation lake under Yaolugou in Jianchang County, Huludao City, Liaoning Province, about 100 million years ago. The fossil is petite, with a wingspan of only 25 cm, roughly the size of a swallow or sparrow, and it is impossible to see the demeanor of the air overlord. But scientists believe it is the ancestral group of the enormous, advanced Ornithischian pterosaurs.

Eventually, the fossil was named the hermitage forest pterosaur, meaning the dweller who lived in the forest, and vividly reflected the arboreal lifestyle of the pterosaur.

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