Consult Senior One Chemistry about the problem of benzene parting.

1.Benzene does not react with bromine water, so bromobenzene and hydrogen bromide are not generated, and benzene can only react with pure bromine, that is, liquid bromine, when there is a catalyst, so there is no such thing as fading. However, benzene and bromine water are generally said to be extracted, not to mention fading, that is, there is no clear provision on fading, which is avoided by the textbooks.

2.Benzene is added to bromine water, and bromine is extracted, and because the density of benzene is less than water, benzene and bromine are in the upper layer, and because the bromine is orange-red, the upper layer is orange-red; Replaced with carbon tetrachloride, because carbon tetrachloride is denser than water, so the lower layer is orange-red.

3.After benzene is added to potassium permanganate solution, because potassium homogate cannot be dissolved in it, no extraction occurs, and no redox reaction occurs, so benzene is in the upper layer, and it itself is colorless.

1. "Fading" literally, as long as the color disappears, it can be called fading, the statement in the book is actually a bit problematic, if it is changed to "benzene can not be discolored by chemical reaction and bromine water" it will be clearer. The process of extraction is actually also the process of bromine water discoloration, which is nothing more than a physical change.

2. After adding benzene to bromine water, the color of bromine dissolved in benzene is orange-red, not purple-red.

3. Potassium permanganate is an inorganic salt, insoluble in organic solvents, so no extraction will occur, so the benzene layer is colorless. Benzene itself is also colorless.

1.It's considered fading, but this fading is a physical reaction, not a chemical reaction.

3.Because benzene can extract bromine, bromine is soluble in both water (purple-red) and benzene, of course, there are more bromine elements in the benzene layer. Benzene cannot extract potassium permanganate, so it shows the original color of benzene.

Let me come to you: 1. Benzene cannot be bromine water and fade because it does not contain carbon-carbon double bonds; Benzene extracts the bromine in the bromine water, because the solubility of the bromine in the water is very small, so the bromine water layer fades. Benzene reacts with bromine water to produce bromobenzene and hydrogen bromide, which are considered to be discolored, because as long as the solution changes from colored to colorless, it is called discoloration, whether through physical or chemical changes.

2. The second is wrong, the upper layer is the benzene layer, and the color is orange-red, because the density of the solution of benzene extracted bromine is about the same as that of benzene and smaller than water.

3. The third is right.

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1. Definition Benzene homologues refer to cyclic hydrocarbons that contain a benzene ring in the molecule and constitute a cyclic hydrocarbon conforming to CNH2N-6(N6). The presence of a benzene ring in the molecule indicates that the structure is similar, and the composition conforms to CNH2N-6 indicates that the composition is different by one or several CH2 atomic clusters, and only a series of hydrocarbons that meet these two points are benzene homologues. 2. Nature 1 Two effects (1) The side chain affects the benzene ring.

The hydrogen atoms on the ortho and para positions of the benzene ring are active and easily replaced by other atoms or clusters. (2) The benzene ring affects the side chain. The hydrogen atom on the carbon atom directly connected to the benzene ring is active and easy to be oxidized, and the oxidation product is benzoic acid regardless of the length of the side chain.

For example, toluene and ethylbenzene can fade the acidic potassium permanganate solution. 2 Two kinds of substitution Toluene and bromine can undergo substitution reactions, but the conditions are different and the substitution position is different. (1) occurs on the benzene ring, that is, the effect of the side chain on the benzene ring.

2) Substitution reactions that occur on the side chains, i.e., alkanes-like, can continue. 3 Two kinds of discoloration (1) The homologues of benzene cannot fade bromine water (do not react), but can fade the bromine water layer (physical properties). 2) Benzene congeners can discolor acidic potassium permanganate solutions.

Organic compounds that contain benzene rings in their molecules are called aromatic compounds. It includes aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives, such as halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic nitro compounds, aromatic alcohols, aromatic acids, etc. Aromatic hydrocarbons, abbreviated as "aromatic hydrocarbons", usually refer to hydrocarbons that contain a benzene ring structure in their molecules.

It is a type of closed-chain class. It has the basic structure of benzene ring, and most of these compounds discovered in the early history have aromatic channels, so these hydrocarbons are called aromatic hydrocarbons, and the hydrocarbons that are not aromatic aromatic tracts discovered later also follow this name. For example, benzene, naphthalene, etc.

The general formula for the homolog of benzene is CNH2N-6 (N 6).

"Aromatic compound j is all compounds that contain benzene rings, and aromatic hydrocarbons are a class of aromatic compounds, which are hydrocarbons and can have one or more benzene rings. The homologues of benzene are hydrocarbons with benzene plus CNH2N structure.

Cooling: Benzene is easy to volatilize, and cooling reduces volatilization.

Slow dropping: make the benzene fully react and increase the yield.

50-60, organic reactions often produce by-products, so it is necessary to strictly control the reaction conditions to reduce the generation of impurities.

In the general structural formula, the carbon atom and hydrogen atom are omitted, and the carbon atom is generally four bonds, and the bonds between carbon and other atoms are not drawn in the figure, that is, the carbon-hydrogen bond is omitted, and the hydrogen atom ......is added

In this example, at the junction of two rings, there is an inflection point at the top and bottom, that is, two carbon atoms, and the carbon atoms at each intersection point can be regarded as forming two single bonds and one double bond (although there is no double bond in the benzene ring, it can be regarded as a double bond when calculating the molecular formula), and the carbon atoms at the junction have formed four bonds, so there are no hydrogen atoms at the junction, and there are thirteen carbon atoms, sixteen hydrogen atoms, and two oxygen atoms in this compound.

Hey, I don't know if it's useful to you (*

The carbon atom can be regarded as the turning point of the straight line, and the two connected straight lines have a turning point that is counted as one carbon atom, with a total of 12 carbon atoms.

The number of hydrogen atoms depends on how many lines are connected to this carbon atom, for example, the carbon in the upper left corner, connected with 3 lines, there is only one hydrogen atom, and where the two rings coincide, which two carbon atoms are connected with 4 lines, there is no hydrogen atom

This is not a homolog of benzene.

An inflection point, if it is not marked with anything, is a carbon. If it is an inflection point consisting of two wires, then carbon requires two hydrogens.

Count one carbon atom.

In the case of hydrogen atoms, you already know the number of carbon atoms, and then judge by the number of covalent bonds of carbon.