High School Biological Genetics How to study and how to learn high school biological genetics well

That little creature in high school is indeed very shallow. And the genetics involved can be said to be a bit of popular science introduction. If you are really interested, buy a book on genetics and read it, and you will find out if you really like it.

However, genetics is generally a specific major that will only be involved in graduate school, and if you are studying biology as an undergraduate, you will take this course. Remembering 3:1 is to grasp Mendel's two laws, because the second is (3:

As long as the special segregation ratio is remembered, it is relatively simple, in the law of segregation, in the F1 generation of inbred offspring, the phenotypic ratio is: 3:1, and the genotype ratio is 1:

2:1, in the test intercourse, the phenotype and genotype ratio are 1:1, and in the free combination, the branching method is used to solve the problem.

In fact, if you ask your teacher for guidance, you will pass all the tests in one day. I'm also a high school biology teacher, but I can't make sure everyone understands it in class. So you look for your teacher. It shouldn't be a problem at all.

Heredity is all about analyzing the genetic map and understanding the characteristics of each mode of inheritance.

I'll teach you the easiest way.

You aaxaya x aaxaxa

Draw the descendants of this group once and you'll understand...

Solve the problems that high school biology students are prone to.

Basic policy: 1. Correctly understand the basic concepts of biogenetics. Shout to burn.

2 Don't memorize blindly, connect and understand with the experiences of life.

Application plan: 1. Carefully understand the content of the textbook, understand and memorize the basic concepts, and learn according to the learning objectives of each unit.

2. Don't just memorize the core matters, but learn in-depth step by step.

3. Correctly grasp the meaning of the images, photos and photos in the textbook.

4. Connect what you have learned with real life.

5. Compare daily language with scientific language, and memorize it after understanding and sorting it out.

6. After the content is expressed in a picture or **, it will be sorted out and understood.

7. After the experiment is sorted out, it is related to the concept of denification and comprehension. (Grasp the purpose of the experiment, compare the results with your own ideas, identify the gaps, and analyze the reasons for the gaps).

8. Develop the habit of writing a diary of an experimental observation model.

9. Fully preview before class, listen carefully in class, and review carefully after class.

Basic policy: 1. Correctly understand the basic concepts of biogenetics.

2 Don't memorize blindly, connect and understand with the experiences of life.

Application plan: 1. Carefully understand the content of the textbook, understand and memorize the basic concepts, and learn according to the learning objectives of each unit.

2. Don't just memorize the core matters, but learn in-depth step by step.

3. Correctly grasp the meaning of the images, photos and photos in the textbook.

4. Connect what you have learned with real life.

5. Compare daily language with scientific language, and memorize it after understanding and sorting it out.

6. After expressing Nell's and Hengrong in a diagram or **, organize and understand.

7. After the experiment is sorted out, it is related to the concept and understood. (Grasp the purpose of the experiment, compare the results with your own ideas, identify the gaps, and analyze the reasons for the gaps).

8. Develop the habit of writing an experimental observation diary.

9. Fully preview before class, listen carefully in class, and review carefully after class.

For high school students, a book of Mendelian pea hybridization and Morgan's white-eyed Drosophila hybridization are not enough. This lies in the connection, to find a large number of topics, to be familiar with common genetic models, to form your own genetic system. It is very reflected in the college entrance examination questions, and we should do more in this regard.

For example, the breeding of oil silkworms in the Fujian college entrance examination involves companion genetics. There is also the National Outline Volume, which deals with three pairs of alleles, 3 to the power of 27 and 4 to the power of 256. There are also a lot of incomplete dominant questions, such a relative trait may have many manifestations, the most classic is the color of the emperor penguin fur, light purple, dark purple, blue, white, college entrance examination questions are also involved.

There are also pseudodominant and revertent bodies of fruit flies, etc., as well as recessive homozygous lethality, dominant homozygous lethality, and chain knowledge should also be slightly understood. We must also draw more, draw long, and draw a good genetic pedigree map, and over time, everything will be successfully pushed into the boat. All of them are my genetics reserves.

To build up your own genetics reserves, there are no tricks, only to be well-informed, only to practice a lot, and to understand thoroughly. When encountering various questions, the whole question is clear to the mind. If you are in the third year of high school, the time-consuming genetic questions are often the difference between masters and masters.

Let me first explain to you the law of segregation The phenomenon that a pair of genes remain relatively independent in a heterozygous state, and when gametes are formed, they separate into different gametes. It is the relationship between alleles that emphasizes the independence of genes, while the law of free combination emphasizes the relationship between non-allelic genes in non-homologous chromosomes, and in this case, the free combination between non-allelic genes of non-homologous chromosomes. Instead of the segregation of alleles, the law of segregation does not need to be written.

For question 2, you need to carefully review the question, first, the four are all pure and variety, that is, aabb aabb aabb aabb aabb four kinds, and because the white ones are all four in experiments 2 and 4, that means that the recessive gene must be white, that is, aabb is one of white A or white B, and then it can be inferred that AABB is also white. That is, if there is a b is purple, only a is red, and without a is white, if you don't believe it, you can verify it with other experiments, it's your own work. It is also important to note that since the parents are all homozygous.

Then there must be an AA or a BB on both sides of the parent, and F1 must have A and a B. In this way, the combination of the four genotypes, the intention of the questioner will be understood, in fact, in the exam process, there is no time for you to think too much about in-depth, in the exam process, you can boldly try what you think, don't have too many concerns. Hehe, I hope it can help you, I'm a student biology, you can ask me any other questions.

1.Theoretically, it includes, but you won't be asked to answer, just answer the law of free combination, the specific reason, the biology teacher has talked about it, but I think it's far-fetched, you just remember it for the sake of scoring 2Inference Purple a-b- Red A-BB White aa--plus which F1 purple are you talking about.

【Proposition】Examine the application of the law of free combination, the ability to analyze data, and the ability to think creatively.

Analysis] (1) The F2 of experiments 2 and 4 showed 9 purple, 3 red and 4 white, which was similar to the segregation ratio of F2 traits in Mendel's pea hybridization experiment with two pairs of relative traits, which can be regarded as 9 3 (3 1).

2) In experiments 2 and 4, the purple type of F2 accounted for 9 16, which corresponds to the double dominance in the results of the pea hybridization experiment of two pairs of Mendelian opposite traits, and the genotype is A b; Red accounts for 3 16, which corresponds to a single dominant in the results of the pea hybridization experiment of two pairs of Mendelian opposite traits, and the genotype is A BB; White accounts for 4 16, which corresponds to one of the single dominance and double recessive in the results of the Pea Hybridization Experiment of two pairs of Mendelian opposite traits, and the genotypes are AAB and AAB. The parents are homozygous, so the genotypes of the parents and offspring in each experiment are as follows:

Parental F1 genotype F2 genotype.

Experiment 1: Purple aabb aabb red aabb 1 aabb 2 aabb 1 aabb

Experiment 2 Red AABB AAB White Nail 9 A B 3 A BB 3 AAB 1 AAB

Experiment 3 Aabb Aabb Aabb Aabb Aabb 1 Aabb 2 Aabb 1 Aabb

Experiment 4 White B AABB AAB Purple AAB 9 A B 3 A BB 3 AAB 1 AAB

3) Experiment 1: Purple AABB AABB Red AABB Purple 1 AABB Purple 2 AABB Purple 1 AABB Red.

4) Use the conclusions in the table above to derive the results of question (3). The genotypes of F2 purple plants were 1 9AAB, 2 9AAB, 2 9AABB, 4 9AAB, and the 4 9 lines belonging to F3 were obtained by ABB self-breeding, and the phenotypes and quantitative proportions of F3 flower colors asked in question (3) were: 9 purple, 3 red, and 4 white.

I am a biology teacher, first of all, you are good at mathematics, physics and chemistry, which means that your IQ is enough, and biology is the easiest among these subjects.

Learning method: First of all, memorize the various definition concepts, just like you memorize chemical formulas, summarize and list the various small concepts: such as:

Trait separation: relative traits, etc., after understanding and remembering the basic concepts, figure out the law of separation and the law of free combination, these two laws are much simpler than the laws of your mathematics or something, remember to understand, understand and memorize on the basis of understanding.

Do the problem, all changes are the same, no need to memorize the method of the workbook guidance, the more you remember, the more messy, as long as you understand, you will naturally know how to do it when you encounter a problem, in addition, do it step by step when doing the problem, don't be in a hurry, panic, just like there must be a correct answer to a math problem at the end, biology is also, each question must have a correct answer waiting for you, step by step, you learn math well, to genetics this should be what you are most interested in, you say that you don't learn well, in fact, the main thing is that you haven't studied much in front of you, to this I don't want to listen, Heredity is independent of the content of the first volume, there is nothing difficult, you can learn mathematics, physics and chemistry well, and the amount of calculation of genetic problems is also small, so it is not a problem at all.

<> it can be seen here that it is not a companion.

Here you can see that it is not the dominant companion X, <>

It can be seen here that it is not concomitant x recessive.

So, not accompaniment.

Leave it to your own guess.

This refers to the genetic determination of a genetic disorder.

Creating something out of nothing is hidden] means that neither parent has the disease, but the child is sick. This indicates that the disease is recessive. Both parents are heterozygous and carry the disease. Therefore, there is a 1 in 4 chance that a child will be recessively homozygous for the disease (ignoring the presence of the gene on the sex chromosomes).

There is no dominant middle birth] means that both parents suffer from this genetic disease, but children do not suffer from this disease. Indicates that the disease is dominantly inherited. Both parents are heterozygous.

Therefore, there is a 1 in 4 chance that a child will be recessively homozygous and not develop the disease. (Again, ignoring the chromosomes of the disease-causing gene).

Solve the problems that high school biology students are prone to.

Many organisms need to be accumulated bit by bit, and then summarized, understood and memorized: the genetics in biology, in addition to checking the accumulation, but also to learn to reason, the genetic laws in genetics, to memorize on the basis of understanding, not just to understand, not to remember, to combine the two.

Learning process: If it is a class, it is best to preview, before class, look at the textbook, have a certain impression of it, and then under the teacher's explanation, take good notes, deepen the impression, summarize and review after class, find out what you can't know, think, think about it and don't understand it, just ask, ask to understand, and then consolidate through the exercises.

Genetics should be practiced more, because there is a lot of content in it that needs to be calculated and reasoned on the basis of memory.

Well, have more time to analyze the problem by yourself, don't limit yourself to one or a few questions, analyze the genetic pattern, you can filter it by yourself, and finally summarize the faster and more accurate methods by yourself Probability calculation questions Distinguish between the questions asked in the questions and the conditions given The basic Mendelian segregation ratio and the proportion of interactions with other genes should be memorized Be good at mastering the method of calculating probability with gametes Well, it's almost the same, the most important thing is to have solid basic skills.

One word: back. High school biology is to memorize a lot, and the understanding of genetics is slightly more important, remember to do more questions.

First of all, you must memorize the basic concepts and proportions, and then you need to do more questions.

The words of biology mainly depend on their own understanding, listen carefully to every word of the teacher, write down the words that they feel are important, analyze them by themselves after class, and do their own questions