From metal materials to carbon fiber, what the hell is automotive lightweighting?

As the name suggests, the overall weight of the car is decreasing, carbon fiber material can reduce the weight of the car by about 30%, and its strength is 5-6 times that of steel, the amount of film is large, and corrosion resistance, acid and alkali resistance, excellent mechanical properties, the overall performance is better than that of metal materials, but the fraud is relatively high, I don't know how to explain it, mobile phone code words are not easy, hope.

1. Non-ferrous alloysIn the case of passenger cars, the ratio of non-ferrous alloys to the weight of all materials used per vehicle increased in 1973 to 1980 and reached in 1997. The rapid growth of the application of non-ferrous alloys in automobiles is a major trend in the development of automotive materials.

2. Aluminum alloyAluminum, which has a density of about 1 3 times that of steel, is the most widely used lightweight material. For example, in 1976, only 39kg of aluminum alloy was used in each vehicle, in 1982 it reached 62kg, and in 1998 it reached 100kg.

The main way to lightweight automobiles.

1. The mainstream specifications of the automobile model continue to be optimized, and the main parameters of the specification are retained, the structural strength of the whole vehicle is improved, and the amount of consumables is reduced;

2. Use lightweight materials. Such as aluminum, magnesium, ceramic, plastic, glass fiber or carbon fiber composites, etc.;

3. Adopt computer for structural design. Such as the use of finite element analysis, local reinforcement design, etc.;

4. Adopt load-bearing body, thin the thickness of body sheets, etc.

Product Name: Lightweight of Automobile

The lightweight of the car is to reduce the curb weight of the car as much as possible under the premise of ensuring the strength and safety performance of the car, so as to improve the power of the car, reduce fuel consumption and reduce exhaust pollution. Experiments have shown that if the mass of the car is reduced by half, the fuel consumption will also be reduced by almost half. At present, due to the need for environmental protection and energy saving, the lightweight of automobiles has become the trend of automobile development in the world.

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Automotive lightweight materials include long fiber reinforced materials, low-density PP materials, low-VOC green environmental protection materials, spray-free materials, halogen-free flame retardant materials, etc., and Jusailong's spray-free PP, LTT-PP, LFT-PA, etc. are all automotive lightweight materials.

Automotive materials contribute to the improvement of fuel economy, mainly through the reduction of vehicle weight. Both theoretical analysis and experimental results show that lightweight is an effective way to improve the fuel economy of automobiles. In order to meet the requirements of automobile lightweight, some new materials have emerged and expanded their applications.

1. Aluminum alloy: The density of aluminum is about one-third of that of steel, and it is the most widely used lightweight material. For example, in 1976, only 39 kilograms of aluminum alloy were used in each vehicle, in 1982 it reached 62 kilograms, and in 1998 it reached 100 kilograms; 2. Magnesium alloy:

Magnesium is about two-thirds the density of aluminum and is the lightest of the metals in practical applications. Magnesium alloy has strong vibration absorption ability, good cutting performance, and good metal mold casting performance, which is very suitable for manufacturing automobile parts. Most of the magnesium alloys are used in automobiles in the form of die castings, and the production efficiency of magnesium die castings is 30% to 50% higher than that of aluminum; 3. Titanium alloy:

The density of titanium is centimeters per cubic gram, which has the advantages of high specific strength, high temperature strength and corrosion resistance. Due to the high cost of titanium, it has only been seen in racing cars and individual luxury cars.

Most of the common alloy materials in automobiles are aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy. In addition to alloys, new lightweight materials have appeared in recent years: carbon fiber is one of them. The other is engineering plastics, which also have a professional name called polycarbonate. In recent years, plant material has been used.

The so-called lightweight is not to reduce the weight of the vehicle by unscrupulous means, but to reduce the weight of the vehicle as much as possible under the premise of ensuring the safety of the occupants and not changing the stiffness and strength of the body. Most of the common alloy materials in automobiles are aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy. Among them, aluminum alloy is currently the most widely used and most common automotive lightweight material.

Studies have shown that aluminium alloys can be used for up to 540kg of vehicles, in which case the weight of the car will be reduced by 40%. All-aluminum bodies such as Audi and Toyota are good examples. Magnesium alloy is also a high-strength alloy material.

At this stage, it can be seen in automobile wheels, clutches and other parts. Although lighter than aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys are used in small amounts in automobiles. At present, the amount of magnesium alloy used in world-class cars is only 10kg, while the amount of magnesium alloy used in autonomous vehicles is even less, only about 3kg.

Of course, in addition to magnesium alloys, some new lightweight materials have also appeared in automobiles in recent years, and carbon fiber is one of them. It is a fibrous carbon material with a carbon content of up to 90%. Studies have shown that if it is used instead of steel with reliable strength, the weight of the body and chassis will be reduced by 40%-60%, and the lightweight effect is good.

In the field of new energy vehicles, carbon fiber is also very important. Due to its corrosion and water resistance, many manufacturers choose it as a battery container. Another lightweight material is engineering plastics, which are professionally known as polycarbonate.

Many car lamp covers and dashboards are made from it. Because of its transparency, it was long proposed that it could replace the windows and windshields of cars, and the Costron concept car was even more exaggerated. The entire cabin is made of polycarbonate, which not only reduces the weight of the body, but also brings a sense of avant-garde to the transparent cabin.

In recent years, as the concept of sustainability has taken hold, automotive designers have begun to abandon steel and petrochemicals in favor of renewable plants. Compared to steel, the mass of plants is significantly lighter. Currently, in addition to being used as interior decoration to enhance texture, plants also play a more important role.