What role did Confucian moral idealism play in Chinese history?

Just letting the Chinese people enjoy their own ancient culture ideologically is enough to make the vast majority of people love their motherland and be proud of their motherland.

Coupled with some of the self-cultivation aphorisms, it can also subtly change the quality of the people.

It is not nonsense to rule the world in half a book.

Confucius was the founder of Confucianism. It is the enlightener of humanity. His mind was broad and profound.

It not only has lofty values and ideals, but also has practical daily use for the people, which is the crystallization of ancient Chinese thought. Confucius's thought, in a word, is based on peace, benevolence as the core, and harmony as the precious. His thoughts are the source of the Chinese nation's spirit, an important basis for the culture of etiquette and music, and the standard of right and wrong in values.

The norms of ethics and morality constitute the basic spiritual values of Chinese culture.

As early as the first century AD, Confucius and Confucianism were introduced to East Asia. It has had a wide range of influences in Japan, North Korea, Vietnam and other countries. To ten.

After the 7th and 18th centuries, Confucius and Confucianism influenced Europe, and in the 18th century, there was a "Confucius fever", when people respected the French Enlightenment thinker Voltaire as the Confucius of Europe.

Today, in the 2l century, mankind has entered a period of confusion in thinking after the great changes of the three industrial revolutions and the bloody baptism of the Second World War. Among the many challenges facing humanity. The biggest challenge comes from the moral standards of human beings themselves, so Western scholars have put forward the "global spiritual crisis theory".

So that our country's thinking has been unified!

It has greatly promoted the development of China's foreign countries; It has brought capital, advanced technology and advanced management experience to our country; It has cultivated a large number of technical personnel and management teaching materials, which has effectively promoted China's economic development.

Confucianism regards moderation as the highest moral ideal.

The Analects of Yongye: "The golden mean is virtue, and it is the most important." "The golden mean refers to the moral standards of Confucianism, which have been followed and respected by Confucian scholars throughout the ages.

Mean, medium, and ancient. Treating people and things in a neutral and peaceful manner, adapting measures to time, things, events, and conditions, the theoretical roots of Confucianism originate from human nature.

The golden mean is not only a Confucian classic, but also a golden mean that has been summarized in the study and refinement of Confucianism in later generations, and it is also a Confucian classic that has a far-reaching impact on later generations.

Some people may think that the golden mean is literal consciousness, in the middle of the crowd, plain and true. Don't seek to improve, and don't fall behind.

But in fact, the dictionary definition of the mean is a kind of Confucian proposition, which adopts an impartial, reconciled and compromise attitude towards others. It may be far from the literal understanding of the old and rotten match, but the truth contained in it is the way that the scholars who have gone to the next for thousands of years have pursued the way to prove it.

For now, the golden mean still applies. The use of the golden mean in all aspects of life still needs to be explored, not generalized. The degree of mastery will affect the way people live in the world.

Impartiality, the golden mean of reconciliation and compromise contains the gentleness and gentleness of the Chinese bones, and it is also the humble and polite way of my great China.

Therefore, there is still merit in the golden mean. It is said that we should learn from the excellent traditional Chinese culture, discard its dross, and extract its essence. It is up to us to decide whether it is dross or essence, and it is up to us to decide whether we can learn or not.

But there is no doubt that we are all influenced by traditional culture to a greater or lesser extent as we grow up, and Confucianism is no different.

Confucianism regards the golden mean as the highest moral principle.

The golden mean is an ancient Chinese idealistic philosophical viewpoint, which comes from the Confucian culture of "The Mean".

The golden mean is the road of life, and the fundamental theory of career success, life and health basically contains three theories:

The first layer of theory: it is not easy to be biased and mediocre. It refers to not deviating from life and not changing one's goals and opinions.

The second level of theory: refers to neutrality and peace. People need to maintain the number of neutral limbs and peace, if you lose the righteousness, peace must be too happy, angry, sad, and happy, the only way to cure anger is to be happy, and the way to keep etiquette lies in respect.

The third level of theory: refers to the meaning of good, the meaning of mediocrity, and the meaning of medium. It means that people should have a skill and be a useful talent; It also means that people should stick to their posts and seek their positions in their positions.

Theoretical Foundations of the Golden Mean:

The theoretical basis of the golden mean is the unity of nature and man. Usually people talk about the unity of heaven and man mainly from a philosophical point of view, and ignore the unity of heaven and man in the golden mean, and ignore the true meaning of the unity of heaven and man. The true meaning of the unity of heaven and man is unity with sincerity and goodness.

If you can do your best, you can do your best; If you can fulfill the nature of people, you can fulfill the nature of things; If you can exhaust the nature of things, you can praise the transformation and education of heaven and earth; You can praise the transformation and education of heaven and earth.

This is the true hunger meaning of the unity of heaven and man in "The Mean". This is the highest state that a saint wants to achieve, and this is the true unity of heaven and man. The unity of heaven and man is a kind and beautiful day, and the person who is united is a kind and beautiful person like a good and beautiful day, and the unity of heaven and man is the ideal state that people consciously cultivate to benefit human beings and nature like a beautiful and kind sky.

Confucianism emphasizes the harmonious development of individuals and society, and plays an important and positive role in building a harmonious society. The following are several aspects of the positive role of Confucianism in building a harmonious society:

1. Confucianism advocates the concept of "harmony and benevolence", emphasizing "love", "integrity" and "harmony", emphasizing that individuals should follow moral and moral norms, so that people can establish friendly relations with each other. Such values help to promote the harmony of interpersonal relations in society and increase the cohesion and stability of society.

2. Confucianism is not only concerned with harmony at the individual level, but also with harmony between the family and the community. Confucianism advocates family harmony, parent-child relationship, filial piety to parents, and promotes harmony within the family; Within the community, Confucianism emphasizes "governing the country with propriety", valuing interpersonal relationships and social responsibilities to promote harmony among various groups in society.

3. Confucianism not only emphasizes the harmony of the individual, but also pays attention to the formulation of social order and norms. For example, with the changes of the times, the "rites" in the application of Confucianism have formed certain laws, moral norms and social habits, which have provided help for the construction of the legal system and the development of social stability.

4. Confucianism emphasizes the natural concept of "the unity of heaven and man", creates a rhythmic and harmonious ecology in nature, and forms a beautiful whole through the harmony of macro and micro. This concept reminds people to protect the natural ecology and ensure the harmonious coexistence of human beings and nature.

The word morality can be traced back to the book "Tao Te Ching" written by the pre-Qin thinker Lao Tzu. Lao Tzu said: "The Tao is born, the virtue is the animal, and the shape of the object."

Tao Te Ching", instrumental. It is to respect all things and be virtuous. The respect of the Tao, the nobility of virtue, the life of Fu Mo and the nature of the usual.

Among them, "Tao" refers to the truth that runs naturally and is common to the world; And "virtue" refers to the virtue, conduct, and royal way of the world. At that time, Tao and virtue were two different concepts, and there was no word for morality. The use of the word "morality" began in Xunzi's "Persuasion of Learning".

Therefore, learning is a matter of courtesy, and the husband is the ultimate in morality." In ancient Western cultures, the word "morality" originated from the Latin word "mores", which means customs and habits.

Traditional Chinese morality.

Chinese morality has developed from ancient times, and legend has it that Yao, Shun, Yu, and Zhou Gong are all models of morality. Confucius compiled the "Six Classics" and passed them on to the Han Dynasty as the "Five Classics", which contained a large number of moral thoughts. The doctrine developed by Confucius is known as Confucianism, and later Confucianism developed the "Five Classics" into the "Thirteen Classics", and these Confucian classic doctrines have become the main ideas of Chinese morality.

Although the moral outlook of Chinese society in various eras did not fully conform to the Confucian ideology of Confucius, Confucianism was the basis for the moral outlook of Chinese society in all dynasties.

Morality is the conceptual standard for judging whether an action is justified or not. Morality is a social norm that regulates people's behavior. According to Confucius's thought, to govern the country, we must "use virtue and law", and morality and law complement each other.

At the same time, the law reflects the will of the legislator, and the legal provisions formulated by the legislator who conform to the will of the people reflect the legal appeal of the social moral concept.

Morality is universal and applies to all people in society, regardless of status, and everyone is equal before morality. "University": "From the Son of Heaven to the common people, all of them are based on self-cultivation."

People have classes and equal differences, and all countries are not exempt. The words of other races are equal, and most of them are based on the theory of natural human rights. The equality of our country is based on the saying that all human nature is good.

The class of propriety is the surface, and the equality of self-cultivation is the inside, regardless of class and difference, the equality of people is only in morality"[1]. ”

Morality is a yardstick by which people evaluate a person. If a person violates social morality, such as being unkind, unjust, disloyal and unfilial, then people will give him a negative evaluation, causing him to have no good reputation, thus forming a kind of social pressure on him from the surrounding people and restricting his behavior. On the other hand, for many people, morality is the conscious observance of one's conscience, without the social pressure of the surrounding people.

People's moral judgment of a person mainly comes from the words and deeds shown by that person. The so-called "those who have words do not have to be virtuous", and those who verbally flaunt benevolence, righteousness and morality do not necessarily have benevolence, righteousness and morality, so people often "listen to their words and watch their deeds" and then make judgments. Individuals' opinions on morality, for themselves and for others, there are those who are tolerant, and there are those who are demanding.

In Chinese culture, there are many ideas that advocate being strict with oneself and forgiving others. Zi said: "Be thick to blame yourself, and thin to blame others."

Han Yu: "The ancient gentleman, his responsibility is also heavy, and his treatment of others is also light. ”