How to explain the special case of the Huntt rule?

Hunt's rule is that when electrons are arranged in different orbitals of the same energy level, they always preferentially occupy one orbital separately and the spin direction is the same. And half full and full are the ones that make it achieve a stable structure and conform to the principle of minimum energy. For example, chromium in element 24 and so on.

A special case of the Hunt rule is that for ground-state atoms, the energy of atoms is lowest when the number of spin-parallel electrons is the highest in orbital partners with equal energy.

For the same electron sublayer, it is relatively stable when the electron configuration is fully filled, semi-filled, or fully empty. Premise of the special case of the Hunt rule: For ground state atoms, the energy of the atom is the lowest when the number of spin-parallel electrons is the highest in the energetically equal orbitals.

So in orbitals of equal energy, the electrons spin parallel to each other as much as possible.

Pauli bush branch width incompatibility principle

Pauli exclusion principle, also known as Pauli principle and incompatibility principle, is one of the basic laws of microscopic particle motion. It states that in a system composed of fermions, no two or more particles can be in exactly the same state.

It takes four quantum numbers to completely determine the state of an electron in an atom.

Therefore, the Pauli principle of incompatibility is expressed in atoms: there cannot be two or more electrons with exactly the same four quantum numbers, or that there can be a maximum of two electrons in an atomic orbital determined by the orbital quantum numbers m,l,n, and the spin directions of the two electrons must be opposite. This became one of the criteria for the periodic table of electrons to be arranged outside the nucleus to form periodicity.

The above content reference:Encyclopedia – Pauli's Principle of Incompatibility

Hunt Rule. The special case is that for ground state atoms, the energy of the atom is the lowest when the number of spin-parallel electrons is the highest in orbits with equal energy.

For the same electron sublayer.

, it is relatively stable when the electron configuration is fully filled, semi-filled, or fully empty. Premise of the special case of Hunt's rule: For ground-state atoms, the sail hail energy of the atom is lowest when the number of spin-parallel electrons is the highest in orbits with equal energies.

So in orbitals of equal energy, the electrons spin parallel to each other as much as possible.

For example, carbon nucleus.

There are 6 electrons outside, according to the principle of minimum sail carrying capacity in the energy state and the principle of Pauli incompatibility.

First there are 2 electrons arranged in 1 orbital of the first layer, the other 2 electrons are filled in the orbital of the second layer, and the remaining 2 electrons are arranged in 2 orbitals with the same spin direction, instead of two electrons concentrated in one orbital and the spin direction is opposite. As a supplement to Hunt's rule, the state of fully filled, half-filled, or fully empty fissure orbits with equal energy is relatively stable.

Make the energy low and occupy the orbit more.