Planting techniques of out of season vegetables, what are out of season vegetables, and out of seaso

Out-of-season vegetables are an effective means to ensure the continuous development of vegetables in the market, and they are also the main shortcuts to the economy of vegetable growers.

So, what are the out-of-season vegetables? Do you know the technique of growing out-of-season vegetables? Let's take a look.

What are the off-season vegetables What are the more common off-season vegetables, this is a lot, mainly melon vegetables in summer, such as papaya, bitter gourd, gourd gourd, loofah, pumpkin, big winter melon, small winter melon, etc., as well as vegetables, such as cabbage, Chinese cabbage, water spinach, cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, Xihong City, greens, spinach, wild vegetables, green onions, garlic, leeks, leeks, garlic sprouts, garlic moss and so on.

Out-of-season vegetable planting technology: 1. Build a greenhouse management Choose a flat terrain, convenient water source, not too much wind, and sufficient sunlight to build a greenhouse, which is good in the plain and hilly areas.

Greenhouses are mainly divided into winter warming greenhouses and spring and autumn greenhouses, of which winter warming greenhouses are planted in winter, and spring and autumn are suitable for planting in late autumn and early spring.

2. Before planting, the nutrient soil should be allocated in the greenhouse, and then organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer should be applied in combination with land preparation.

Pay attention to the time and method when fertilizing, fertilize one month before planting, and pay attention to the amount of fertilizer when fertilizing.

In addition, it is necessary to go through fermentation treatment before fertilization, and apply well-rotted fertilizer to avoid fermentation in the soil to produce toxic gases and endanger the growth of lettuce.

3. Choose vegetable varieties Out-of-season vegetables are not all vegetables that can be planted, but choose cold-resistant, disease-resistant, and early-maturing varieties, so as to reduce the impact of low temperature on vegetables, such as zucchini, tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, cucumbers, loofahs and other vegetables.

4. Field management: After the planting of vegetables, it is necessary to water the seedlings in time to maintain soil moisture, and different vegetables have different water requirements.

To control the frequency of watering, regular loosening of soil and weeding.

In addition, it is necessary to remove the diseased and weak plants in a timely manner and strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests.

5. The key point of vegetable planting in the opposite season is to do a good job in heat preservation, moisturizing and cold protection, and maintain soil moisture according to the situation; Loosen the soil regularly to prevent soil compaction; Spray foliar fertilizer regularly to increase plant nutrition; Ventilation during the auspicious period to reduce carbon dioxide and other toxic gas emissions.

At present, there are three main ways to cultivate out-of-season vegetables:

1. Alpine off-season cultivation is the technology of producing heat-sensitive vegetables in the hot season, the principle is that in the hot summer and autumn, the low-altitude Pingchuan area is still relatively cool due to the high temperature, and the high-altitude mountainous area, because the temperature decreases with the increase in altitude, it is still relatively cool, and the heat-sensitive vegetables that can not be planted in the Pingchuan area due to the high temperature state can not be planted, and the vegetables suitable for alpine off-season cultivation are Chinese cabbage, cabbage, celery, cauliflower, radish, carrot, tomato, pepper, green beans, etc.;

2. Cultivation of thermal insulation facilities is the cultivation technology of cold-sensitive vegetables in the cold season, and the thermal insulation facilities mainly include plastic greenhouses, plastic small arch sheds, plastic film covering, electric heating hotbeds, and vegetable types include water spinach, cucumbers, eggplants, bell peppers, green beans, edamame, fungus, etc.;

3. Shade net cultivation technology, shade net is a new type of covering material, according to the requirements of light transmittance, there are different weaving densities, generally using black shade net, covering vegetables with it, can play a role in shading, windproof, rainstorm and increase the humidity of the garden, so it is conducive to overcoming the adverse effects of summer and autumn strong light, heavy rain and high temperature on vegetable production, so as to increase the variety of vegetables in the hot season, improve the high quality of the closed brother, and meet the needs of the people.

<> off-season vegetables refer to spring and summer vegetables that are produced in late autumn and early in spring, and vegetables suitable for off-season planting include spinach, cabbage, tomatoes, eggplants, cucumbers, etc. Planting off-season vegetables need to build greenhouses, should choose to build greenhouses in a gentle terrain, close to the water source, disinfect and sterilize the greenhouses before planting, and plant vegetables only after fertilizing the land, control the humidity after planting, and timely ventilation, fertilizer and water management.

1. What are out-of-season greenhouse vegetables?

1. Out-of-season vegetables refer to spring and summer vegetables that are delayed in autumn and produced in advance in spring. Cold protection measures must be taken when planting to achieve the purpose of early marketing. Out-of-season vegetables are one of the effective ways to ensure the anniversary of vegetables.

2. In the area of off-season vegetable production in winter, it is required to choose a place with warm climate, sufficient sunshine, low altitude or hills in the plain area, convenient water source, suitable soil conditions, and as much as possible to have a wind barrier to avoid direct attack by cold wind.

3. Vegetables suitable for off-season planting include zucchini, tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, cucumbers, loofahs and other vegetables, in addition, spinach, cabbage and other vegetables can be planted in winter, and the yield will be higher.

Second, build a greenhouse

1. Choose to build a greenhouse in a location with relatively gentle terrain and close to the water source, so as to facilitate the subsequent planting of vegetables. Greenhouses can generally be divided into winter warming greenhouses and spring and autumn greenhouses, respectively, different vegetable planting in winter and spring and autumn.

2. After the construction is completed, the disinfection should begin. Can be used high temperature stuffy shed or agent disinfection, for pest control is extremely effective, in the first half month of planting, can be sprayed on the shed more than 100 dust agent, sealed by the use of chlorothalonil smoke agent for fumigation, about a week later, spray carbendazim on the ground, can achieve excellent disinfection and sterilization effect.

3. Land selection and land preparation

When planting, it is generally necessary to choose fertile soil, and apply organic and inorganic fertilizers in combination with land preparation. Pay attention to the time and method when fertilizing, fertilize one month before planting, pay attention to the amount of fertilizer when fertilizing, sprinkle fertilizer on the soil, plough it, mix it evenly with the soil, in addition to fermentation treatment before fertilization, apply well-rotted fertilizer, so as not to ferment in the soil to produce toxic gases, endanger the growth of lettuce.

4. Field management

1. The humidity in the greenhouse will affect the absorption of light by vegetables and the absorption of substances will be missing, and the incidence of vegetable diseases will be increased.

2. When planting, organic fertilizer should be applied in the hole to improve the survival rate, and after planting, it is necessary to water the seedlings in time to maintain soil moisture, different vegetables have different needs for water, and the number of watering needs needs to be controlled to meet the growth needs of different vegetables. It is also necessary to loosen the soil and weeds regularly to avoid weeds from grabbing nutrients and affecting the growth of vegetables.

Summary. At present, there are three main ways to cultivate out-of-season vegetables:

1) Alpine off-season cultivation. This is a technique for producing heat-sensitive vegetables during the hot season. The principle is that in the hot summer and autumn, the low-altitude Pingchuan area cannot be planted due to the high temperature, and in the high-altitude mountainous area, because the temperature decreases with the increase in altitude, it is still relatively cool, and the heat-sensitive vegetables that cannot be planted in the Pingchuan area due to high temperature can be planted.

The purpose of alpine off-season vegetable cultivation is to; Vegetables in August-October"Autumn light"In season, the market is served with fresh vegetables in a variety of colors. Therefore, it is necessary to take the marketing period as the basis, and reasonably arrange the sowing period according to the growth period of various types and varieties. There are many types of vegetables suitable for off-season cultivation in the high mountains, and the main ones in our city are:

Chinese cabbage, cabbage, celery, cauliflower, radish, carrots, tomatoes, peppers, green beans, and more. The altitude of the mountainous area, which is suitable for the cultivation of alpine off-season vegetables, is generally more than 800 meters in our city.

How to grow vegetables in different seasons.

At present, there are three main cultivation methods of off-season vegetables: (1) alpine off-season cultivation. This is a technique for producing heat-sensitive vegetables during the hot season.

The principle is that in the hot summer and autumn, the low-altitude Pingchuan area cannot be planted due to the high temperature, and in the high-altitude mountainous area, because the temperature decreases with the increase in altitude, it is still relatively cool, and the heat-sensitive vegetables that cannot be planted in the Pingchuan area due to high temperature can be planted. The purpose of alpine off-season vegetable cultivation is to; Vegetables in August-October"Autumn light"In season, the market is served with fresh vegetables in a variety of colors. Therefore, it is necessary to take the marketing period as the basis, and reasonably arrange the sowing period according to the growth period of various types and varieties.

There are many kinds of vegetables suitable for alpine off-season cultivation, mainly in our city: Chinese cabbage, cabbage, celery, cauliflower, radish, carrots, tomatoes, peppers, green beans and so on. The altitude of the mountainous area, which is suitable for the cultivation of alpine off-season vegetables, is generally more than 800 meters in our city.

2) Cultivation in thermal insulation facilities. This is a cultivation technique for cultivating cold-sensitive vegetables during the cold season. The main thermal insulation facilities are:

Plastic greenhouses, plastic small arch sheds, mulch film coverings, electric heating hotbeds. Cultivation of thermal insulation facilities in our city is mainly for some vegetables in early spring to grab the early market and late autumn to postpone**. The types of vegetables that are available in the morning are:

Water spinach, cucumbers, eggplants, bell peppers, green beans, edamame, fungus and many more. There are also autumn and winter cucumbers, late autumn tomatoes, green beans, cowpeas, bell peppers and so on.

3) Shade net cultivation technology. Shade net is a new type of covering material, which has different weaving densities according to the light transmittance requirements. Black shade nets are generally used.

Covering vegetables with it can play the role of shading, windproof, rainstorm and increasing the humidity of the garden, so it is conducive to overcoming the adverse effects of strong light, heavy rain and high temperature on vegetable production in summer and autumn, and achieve the purpose of increasing vegetable varieties in the hot season, improving quality and meeting people's needs.