One of the representatives of the late Qing Restoration, Guangxu s master

Emperor Guangxu's acceptance and support of the Restoration's ideas was to weaken the power of the Empress Dowager Cixi and consolidate his imperial power.

Although Emperor Guangxu was a feudal monarch, he was in favor of the capitalist nature of the Wuxu Reform. The main reasons are: first of all, at that time, the national crisis was becoming more and more serious, and Emperor Guangxu realized that the ruling system founded by his ancestors was outdated and full of drawbacks, and he must resolutely eliminate the accumulated evils.

In the end, Emperor Guangxu wanted to take advantage of the opportunity of the reform to gradually seize real power from Cixi and change his status, which was also an important reason for Emperor Guangxu to implement the reform.

1. Do not want to be the king of the country, 2. Consolidate and strengthen your position and rights with the help of changes.

Although Emperor Guangxu was an emperor, all the power that should have belonged to him was held by Cixi, and accepting and supporting the ideas of the Restorationists was to weaken the power of the Empress Dowager Cixi and consolidate her imperial power.

The suggestion of the book on the bus touched him a lot, and he wanted to develop it too.

First, Emperor Guangxu supported some of the reforms of the Restorationists for two motives. First, after the First Sino-Japanese War, the Qing Dynasty fell into the predicament of financial emptiness, military weakening, and national crisis. In order to avoid becoming the ruler of the country, he needed to put his internal affairs in order and consolidate his rule.

Second, there is a contradiction between the imperialist party and the later party. The latter party is headed by the Empress Dowager Cixi, mainly the diehards and Westernists who support and support the Empress Dowager Xi in the ** organization; The imperial party was centered on Emperor Guangxu and led by Weng Tongyi, who was the person who supported and supported Emperor Guangxu. The struggle between emperors and queens is a question of power at its core, but it also reflects different attitudes towards the national crisis and the future of the country, and has the nature of a struggle between the old and the new.

After the reform movement was launched, Emperor Guangxu sympathized with the reform of the law ideologically; On the one hand, he also wanted to take the opportunity to regain the power that was seized by the Empress Dowager of the West.

At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the thinkers of the reform and reform of the law included Kang Youwei, Yan Fu, Liang Qichao, Yang Shenxiu, etc.

1. Kang Youwei's original name was Zuyi, the word Guangsha, the name Changsu, also known as Mingyi, Gengfu, Xiqiao Danzhu and Shanren, You Cunsuo, Tianyouhua people, Nanhai County, Guangdong Province, Danzao Su Village, known as Kang Nanhai, an important politician, thinker, educator in the late Qing Dynasty of China, and a representative of bourgeois reformism.

2. Yan restored the name Zongguang model, the word and Ling, and later changed the name Fu, the word is a few words, Han nationality, a native of Houguan County, Fujian, a famous translator, educator, and representative of the new Legalist in modern times.

3, Liang Qichao's word Zhuoru, the word Ren Fu, the name Ren Gong, and the owner of the ice room, the ice drinker, the mourning guest, the new people of China, and the master of Freedom Zhai.

4. Yang Shenxiu, a native of Yizhang Village, Wenxi County, Shanxi. During the Wuxu period, he did not avoid hardships and dangers, invoked the ancient meaning, and asked Cixi to withdraw the curtain and return to the government, so he was killed and was one of the "six gentlemen of Wuxu".

The early reformists mainly included Wang Tao, Zheng Guanying, Xue Fucheng and others.

Wang Tao (1828-1897), formerly known as Wang Libin, the word Lanying. Later, he was renamed Wang Han, the word lazy today (there are many font names, such as Ziquan, Songbei Yimin, Ouxi Fugong, Taoyuan Laomin, Yuhua Pavilion Owner, Zunwen Pavilion Li and Demolition Wang, etc.), nicknamed "Long-haired Zhuangyuan", ancestral home in Suzhou, outstanding thinker in the late Qing Dynasty, political commentator. Wang Tao is young and talented, and he ranked first in the county examination at the age of eighteen.

In 1849, he went to work at the Mohai Library in Shanghai. In 1874, he founded the first newspaper in the history of Chinese newspapers and periodicals in Hong Kong, "Circulation**".

In 1879, he went on an expedition to Japan and wrote "Fuso Travels".

His political ideas are mainly contained in the "Outer Editions of the Records of the Garden".

Zheng Guanying (1942-1922), whose real name is Guanying, is Zhengxiang, and his name is Tao Zhai, and his ancestral home is Xiangshan County, Guangdong. He has served as a comprador for the British merchant Baoshun & Co. and Swire Steamship Company, and has also held important positions in modern enterprises such as China Merchants Steamship Company and Hanyang Iron Works. During his stay in Macau, he wrote "The Danger of the Prosperous Times".

He advocated the establishment of a parliament and a "business war", believing that "the Xi military station is not as good as the Xi business war, and it is necessary to comprehensively improve the quality of businessmen and administrative personnel, cultivate business talents, and set up a "commercial department" to protect industry. In his later years, he supported "constitutionalism" and opposed revolution.

Xue Fucheng (1838-1894), known as Shuyun, was born in Wuxi, Jiangsu, in the family of scholars and eunuchs. He was a modern essayist, diplomat, and one of the main leaders of the Westernization Movement.

1. Capitalism.

Initiator of industry and commerce. He once entered the shogunate of the Zeng State Domain, and later followed Li Hongzhang.

He has been in Beiyang Li Curtain for 10 years. In the fifteenth year of Guangxu, Xue Fucheng went to Britain, France, Italy, and Belgium as a second-grade top and a third-grade Jingtang alternate.

The four countries presented their credentials to the heads of state of the host countries, met with ministers and ministers of various countries, visited European countries, inspected parliaments and factories, realized the importance of system reform, and wrote "Diary of the Four Countries of Britain, France, Italy and Belgium".

It was a masterpiece of close observation of the West at that time.

In the fifteenth year of Guangxu, Xue Fucheng sent envoys to Britain, France, Italy, and Belgium as an alternate for the second rank and the third grade Jingtang, presented his credentials to the head of state, met with ministers and ministers of various countries, visited European countries, inspected parliaments and factories, understood the importance of system reform, and wrote "Diary of the Envoy to Britain, France, Italy and Belgium", which was a masterpiece of close observation of the West at that time.

In addition, there is Ma Jianzhong (1844-1900, author of "Shi Ke Zhai Ji Yan Ji Xing", advocating economic reform, revitalization of industry and commerce, and the implementation of a constitutional monarchy.

etc.), Chen Chi (?) - In 1899, he wrote "Yongshu" and "Continuation of the Wealth of the Country", etc., advocating imitation of Western law, the establishment of a parliament, and tariff autonomy) and other thinkers were also representatives of the early reformers.

Emperor Guangxu was a feudal monarch and belonged to the feudal class, and although he supported the reform of the law, he was not a bourgeois reformer.