The birth of the world s first computer

The world's first truly digital computer appeared in the laboratory of Princeton University in the United States in 1948.

In 1946, the University of Pennsylvania successfully developed the world's first program-controlled electronic computer ENIAC.

In 1996, the American "Computer Magazine" mentioned that Compaq launched a laptop computer in November 1982, weighing 28 pounds (about 14 kilograms), which should be regarded as the earliest prototype of a laptop. But IBM refuses to accept this claim, insisting that a laptop called PC Convertible it developed in 1985 is the true "originator" of notebook computers.

The Americans quarreled, and the Japanese on the other side of the ocean were not happy. Because they decided that the world's first true laptop was Toshiba's T1000, which was launched in 1985 with an Intel 8086 CPU, 512KB of RAM, and a 9-inch monochrome display, no hard drive, and could run the MS-DOS operating system.

In January 1975, on the cover of Popular Electronics magazine, a shocking news was published: the world's first personal computer, Altair, was born!

1946 year.

The world's first computer appeared at the University of Pennsylvania in the United States in 1946, called eniac, and the Chinese translation means baby. It represents the meaning of the first birth and the first. The invention of this computer also made history, although it is insignificant for today's computers, but it was a global sensation at that time.

Areas of application of computers:

1. Scientific computing, using the high-speed computing, large storage capacity and continuous computing ability of the computer, can realize various scientific computing problems that cannot be solved manually.

2. Data processing, collection, storage, processing, transformation and transmission of data.

3. Auxiliary design refers to the use of computers to help engineering and technical personnel carry out design work.

4. Process control, using the calculation of the annihilation bridge machine as the control component to control a single equipment or the entire production process.

5. Artificial intelligence, using computers to imitate human intelligence, so that computers have the ability to recognize language, text, graphics, reasoning, learning, etc. Yu Yuan <>

The world's first general-purpose computer:

Name:"eniac"

Place of birth: The University of Pennsylvania was born.

Inventors: It's the American Mock who keeps an eye on the game (and Eckert (.)

<> birth process: In 1943, the U.S. Department of Defense approved a plan proposed by Professor John Mauchly and engineer John Presper Echert of Pennsyvania University to build an ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator) composed of electron tubes, the purpose of which was to calculate the ballistic trajectory of the new artillery.

Delivered on February 14, 1946, the ENIAC consisted of 17,468 tubes, 60,000 resistors, 10,000 capacitors and 6,000 switches, weighed 30 tons, covered an area of 160 square meters, consumed 174 kilowatts of electricity, and cost $450,000. This computer can only run 5,000 addition operations per second.

In 1945, Eniac's consultant von Neumann first proposed the concept of stored programs in the EDVAC (Electronic Discrete Variable Computer) program. This idea was thought of by the British scientist Turing almost at the same time.

In 1946, while conducting advanced research at the Princeton Institute, Von Neumann designed a computer that stored programs, the IAS, and although the IAS did not appear until 1952, the general structure of the IAS was confirmed and became the prototype of the general-purpose computer that would follow.

In the 50s of the 20th century, there were two major computer manufacturers, Sperry and IBM, IBM launched the program-controlled computer 701 in 1952, and the 702 in 1955, and later formed the 700 7000 series, making IBM the absolute authority on the manufacturer of computing lappers.

The world's first general-purpose computer, "ENIAC", was born at the University of Pennsylvania in the United States on February 14, 1946.

The inventors were Americans John Mauchly and J Prespereckert. The US Department of Defense uses it for ballistic calculations.

It is a behemoth with 18,000 tubes, covers an area of 170 square meters, and weighs 30 tons.

It consumes about 150 kilowatts of electricity and can perform 5,000 calculations per second, which seems insignificant now, but at the time it was unprecedented.

ENIAC uses electron tubes as components, so it is also known as the historical tube computer, which is the first generation of computers. Due to the large volume of the tube used in the tube computer, the power consumption is large, and it is easy to heat up, so the working time should not be too long.

The benefits of learning computers are as follows:

First, the application of computers will become more and more extensive, which will have a deeper impact on people's lives and work. For example, the Internet of Things, which is popular now, is actually implanted in every "thing" with computers (processors) and communication devices.

It makes the organic connection between these things and things, and between things and people, so that "things" come alive. The IT industry will be a sunrise industry for the next 20 years or more, and it needs a large number of specialized talents, and the employment prospects are very good.

Second, the training of computer science majors is incomparable with other majors. Strictly speaking, a computer is a device, a tool invented by man, and belongs to the category of technology and engineering.

However, working in a computer requires very careful logical thinking ability, the ability to abstract concrete problems, design corresponding algorithms and build models. In addition, it is necessary to have a hands-on ability, i.e., let the computer implement your ideas.

Third, computer professionals are prone to career change. Due to the special training received by the above-mentioned computer majors, a computer professional is not only engaged in computer-related professional work.

It is also easy to change careers, such as engaging in technical management, marketing, professional managers, **, ** management, social organizations, teachers, etc. This puts you in the best shoes in the workplace. <>