What are the high yield cultivation techniques of sweet potato, and the planting and cultivation tec

Hello. Apply plantar fertilizer and prepare the land reasonably:

Fertilization: Since sweet potatoes are generally planted on sandy and thin land, it is necessary to apply foot fertilizer to improve soil fertility in order to obtain high yields. Generally, about 5 square meters of soil and miscellaneous manure per mu, 25 kg of diammonium phosphate and 25 kg of potassium sulfate are appropriate.

Land preparation: Sweet potato is a root crop, which is suitable for growing in an environment with deep soil, loose soil and good aeration. Deep tillage can thicken the soil layer, improve soil aeration, and is conducive to the expansion of potato pieces.

The depth of deep ploughing is generally 30 cm. It is better to use ridge cultivation for plots with good soil fertility, but sandy land with thin soil fertility and large sand content should be cultivated with flat or low ridges.

Choose excellent seeds, timely and early planting, reasonable dense planting:

Seed selection: select high-quality and high-yielding varieties. For example, detoxified Beijing 553, detoxified Xushu 18, Xinnong 1, Xinong 431, Yanshu 27, Sushu 8, Yushu 7 and other short-vine high-yielding varieties.

Density: long vine varieties and fertile plots should be sparsely planted, and short vine varieties and thin land should be densely planted.

3000-3500 plants per mu of fertile land and long vine varieties, 4000 plants per mu of thin land and short vine varieties, with row spacing of 60-70 cm and plant spacing of 30 cm.

Field management: planting seedlings: select strong seedlings to be planted by horizontal shallow planting method, and plant the seedlings to the southeast and downwind to prevent the wind from scratching the seedlings. It is advisable to bury the soil inch deep and expose 3-4 leaves on the ground. When planting seedlings, water them sufficiently, and replenish them in time to ensure that the seedlings are complete.

Early tillage, frequent weeding and early management. Cultivating loosens the soil, increases soil aeration, raises ground temperature, and eliminates weeds.

Sweet potatoes are drought-tolerant crops, and they should generally not be watered more in the early stage, but when the soil is too dry, they can be watered with a small amount of water. The long-vine varieties are topped when the stems and vines grow to about 1 foot, which promotes the stubby and short stems and branches, which has a certain effect on increasing yield.

Medium-term vine control: July to August is the season of high temperature and rain, the growth of stems and leaves is fast, and the expansion of potato pieces is slow, so it should be mainly controlled to prevent stems and leaves from growing.

<> when we cultivate and plant sweet potatoes, we need to pay attention to the choice of time, planting methods, topping techniques, and water and fertilizer management. As long as the planting time avoids the summer, the method of transplanting rice is generally used to plant, and the main heart can be pinched off when it grows to a certain height, and the watering is dry and wet, and the fertilization can be applied diligently.

1. Select a time.

Before we plant sweet potatoes, we must first choose a suitable time. Sweet potatoes are generally planted around the end of August in the north, while in the south they are generally planted after October or between March and April, and the sweet potatoes ripen for a short period of time, as long as they can be matured in 1-2 months, as long as they are avoided and planted in summer.

2. Planting method.

There are several different planting methods of sweet potato, but generally speaking, the first choice is the horizontal transplanting method, so that the sweet potato fruit is uniform, and the number of socks is resistant, but it is not drought tolerant, and if the direct cultivation method is used, there will be a small number but a large size, and the oblique planting method is the method with the highest survival rate of sweet potato.

3. Topping control height.

In the process of growing sweet potato, we need to pluck it in time and pinch off the bud heart of its main stem, so that the length of its main stem can be controlled to promote the germination of side buds, and after the side buds germinate, the tuber will easily swell up, so that the rhizome of sweet potato will expand, the yield will be improved, and the quality will be better.

4. Manage water and fertilizer.

Sweet potatoes need sufficient water supply in the process of growth and development, to keep the soil moist, but there can be no stagnant water, so it is best to see dry and wet when watering, and when fertilizing, in addition to thin fertilizer and frequent application, we should also use less nitrogen fertilizer, so as not to grow branches and leaves, seize the nutrients of rhizomes and cause reduced yield.

1. Fertilize and prepare the land. Before planting sweet potatoes, the soil foundation must be well protected. Sweet potatoes are generally planted on sandy and thin land, and foot fertilizer must be applied, which can ensure good fertilizer efficiency and improve yield.

Sweet potato is a root crop, should be planted in a suitable soil, you can choose a deep soil layer, loose soil, aeration, good drainage of the soil, deep ploughing of the soil, the depth of deep ploughing is about 30 cm.

2. Choose good breeds. There are many varieties of sweet potato, you can choose high-quality and high-yield varieties, and the sweet potato varieties that are required to be selected have strong disease resistance, no pest and disease invasion, no wounds, and neat size, so that sowing can promote growth and increase yield.

3. Plant early at the right time. Sweet potatoes do not have very high requirements for the climate of growth, and can be planted early according to the growth time. In general, planting can be done from late April to mid-May.

The common planting methods of sweet potatoes are straight insertion, oblique insertion, fishing hook insertion, horizontal insertion, etc., the planting method can be selected according to the actual situation, the sweet potato is planted into the soil, a certain spacing is maintained, and the yield is increased by reasonable dense planting.

4. Field management. After planting and emerging seedlings, it is necessary to replenish the seedlings during the fixed period to remove the small seedlings that are not growing well and have weak growth. Regular tillage loosens the soil, increases soil aeration, and removes weeds. During the tuber expansion period to before harvesting, attention should be paid to timely fertilization.

The flat planting outcrop method or the flat planting buried stem node hiding head method was adopted. After planting, according to the soil moisture content, water the seedlings as appropriate. Spring planting and early winter planting should be careful to avoid cold currents, and autumn planting should be careful to prevent autumn drought. 5 7 days after planting, the seedlings should be checked and completed.

Introduction: Sweet potato (English: sweet potato) was formerly known as sweet potato (scientific name:

ipomoea batatas （l.） lam.It is also known as red taro, sweet potato, sweet potato, rice, sweet potato, sweet potato (northern), red potato, thread root, white potato, golden potato, sweet potato, red potato, pillow potato, kudzu, white taro, fennel sweet potato, etc.

Sweet potato is a tubular flower, an annual herbaceous plant of the family Spira, more than 2 meters long, lying flat on the ground obliquely, the leaves are usually broadly ovate, 4-13 cm long, 3-13 cm wide, corolla pink, white, lilac or purple, bell-shaped or funnel-shaped, 3-4 cm long, capsule ovate or oblate, with a pseudoseptum, divided into 4 chambers, with underground tuber roots, tuberous spindle-shaped, earthy yellow or purplish-red outer skin. Sweet potatoes are rich in protein, starch, pectin, cellulose, amino acids, vitamins and a variety of minerals, and are known as "longevity food". The sugar content reaches 15%-20%.

It has anti-cancer, heart protection, prevention of emphysema, diabetes, ** and other effects. In the north, it is commonly known as sweet potato and yam. Li Shizhen's "Compendium of Materia Medica" in the Ming Dynasty recorded that "sweet potatoes replenish deficiency, strengthen the spleen and appetizer, and strengthen the kidney yin", and said that people in the sea eat for longevity.

Traditional Chinese medicine regards sweet potatoes as good medicine.

Seedling raising method: sweet potatoes need to be raised 2 months before transplanting and planting, that is, spring potatoes start to raise seedlings in late January, autumn potatoes are raised in mid to late June, and early winter potatoes are raised in early to mid August. Seedlings can be raised at one time or propagated in separate batches. The base fertilizer of the seedbed should be applied sufficiently, generally 500 1000kg of self-made organic fertilizer and 50kg of mineral potassium and magnesium fertilizer per 667 square meters.

Before planting, disinfect the seedbed with stone sulfur mixture or lime or disinfect the stuffy shed.

Sweet potato high-yield planting method.

Sweet potatoes are a good food for humans, it.

There are many reasons why many families on the farm grow sweet potatoes, and some people have a good harvest of sweet potatoes, and some people have a bad harvest of sweet potatoes, which is due to many reasons. In order to make sweet potatoes high-yielding, the following links should be taken in cultivation management:

1. Cultivate strong seedlings. The high yield performance of sweet potato varieties and the quality of potato seedlings are the internal factors that determine the yield. Only excellent varieties can inherit excellent genes and keep their offspring in excellent traits.

Try to choose robust potato seedlings when planting, therefore, do a good job in potato seedlings breeding, improve the quality of potato seedlings, purify and rejuvenate the seed nature, in order to improve the yield of sweet potatoes.

2. Choose the soil. Sweet potato is a root crop, which requires deep soil layer, loose, fertile, breathable, and refreshing soil conditions. Those who use paddy fields to plant autumn potatoes should infiltrate sand and change soil.

If there is too much water, which affects the respiration of the roots, the soil should also choose a relatively loose and fertile soil, so as to ensure the growth of sweet potatoes.

3. Timely planting. Sweet potato is a temperature-loving crop, and the optimal temperature for root formation is 24-25, and the optimal temperature for root expansion is 22-24. According to the conditions of sweet potato growth requirements and local climate characteristics, we should seize the season and plant before and after the "great heat", so that sweet potatoes can make full use of the high temperature and strong light conditions in July and August, grow stems and leaves in time, branch early, produce potatoes early, and produce more potatoes.

January is the month with the lowest temperature, which is not conducive to the growth and development of sweet potatoes, and even frost damage. Therefore, it is necessary to grasp the early planting at the appropriate time, strive for early tubing, early expansion, and extend the effective expansion period of potato nuggets, so as to make sweet potatoes yield high.

Fourth, horizontal shallow seedlings. Sweet potato planting density and planting method also had a certain effect on yield. It should not be too thin, nor too dense, if it is dense, the photosynthesis will be relatively weak, and the plant will not grow well, too sparse will not only waste the soil but also affect the growth of sweet potatoes.

Generally, 3800-4000 plants are planted per mu, and the method of planting in a single row with high furrow and fine ridges is adopted, and horizontal shallow planting is adopted. It is a trapezoidal furrow with a width of 90 cm (including a pit) and a height of 36 cm, with a plant spacing of 17 cm and a horizontal shallow seed of 2-3 cm. And be sure to cut the seedlings at noon on a sunny day and plant them in the afternoon, so that the yield of sweet potatoes is high.

5. Reasonable fertilization and water. Autumn potatoes should be applied diligently and thinly in accordance with the principle of "light in the front, in the middle and supplemented in the back", with organic fertilizer as the main fertilizer and supplemented by chemical fertilizer. When furrowing, 50-100 kg of grass ash per mu is used and sprinkled at the bottom of the furrow ditch; When planting, apply 30 quintals of manure water per mu as root fertilizer.

Honda has a total of 8 times in the whole period, and the total amount of fertilization is equivalent to kilograms of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, so as to achieve the appropriate coordination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

Sixth, pay attention to the prevention and control of pests and diseases. Sweet potatoes are also susceptible to insect infestations, so we should often go to see them, and kill them in time once they appear. For example, sweet potato scabs can be sprayed with dysenammonium.

Sweet potato moth larvae can be sprayed with 5% high-efficiency rotten cyanide 3500-4000 times liquid control. Sweet potato weevils can be sprayed with dimethoate and trichlorfon and so on.

It's not red, it's the kind of white, lumpy sweet potato.