What is the preface in Sending Dong Shao Nan Preface , a literary style in ancient times, and what

At the beginning, before the official content.

Judging from the title of the article, Han Yu's "Preface to Sending Dong Shao to the South to Hebei" should be a farewell preface to send Dong Shao to the south to visit Hebei, but after thinking about it, it has a different feeling.

First, at that time, Hebei was a place where feudal towns were divided, and Han Yu resolutely advocated cutting down feudal towns and realizing the unification of the Tang Dynasty. Therefore, in his opinion, if someone runs to Hebei to take refuge in the feudal town, he is a "thief" and must beat the drum to attack him.

Second, in order to achieve the unification of the Tang Dynasty, Han Yu hoped that the imperial court could recruit talents, but the imperial court disappointed him at this point. Therefore, in many poems, he expressed his feelings for himself and others. He has a poem "Dong Shengxing", which was also written for Dong Shaonan, and the preface of the poem has this sentence:

Dong Sheng Shao Nan, a county person, lived in seclusion and practiced righteousness in it, and the history of assassination could not be recommended, the Son of Heaven was not famous, and Jue Lu was not as good as the door. While praising Dong Sheng's "seclusion and righteousness", the poem also expressed regret that "the history of assassination cannot be recommended". This Dong Sheng lived in seclusion for a period of time, probably dissatisfied with the status quo of "the Son of Heaven is not famous, and Juelu is not as good as the door", and finally took the initiative to go out of the mountain and chose to go to Hebei to take refuge in the feudal town.

Regarding Dong Sheng's "depression", Han Yu naturally has a certain amount of sympathy.

Before Dong Sheng left, Han Yu wanted to send him a preface. But such a preamble is difficult to phrase. Is it in favor of him going?

Of course, because he has a certain sympathy for him, but if he agrees, it is against Han Yu's own political ideas; Stop him from going? It shows that it is a "thief", that is, it has become a "stay", not a farewell, and it does not meet the requirements of "gift order", not to mention that Dong Sheng, who "has a sharp weapon", to seek development (the feudal town is still nominally part of the Tang Dynasty) to raise objections, after all, it does not make sense, and the author has a certain sympathy for Dong Sheng after all. From this point of view, this "gift preface" is really difficult to write.

As soon as the article came up, he first praised Hebei for "people who are full of emotion and tragedy"; Then he described that Dong Sheng "held a sharp weapon in his arms" and "was not determined to have a division", so he wanted to go to Hebei, "I know that there must be a combination", which is a bit of a congratulatory flavor for Dong Sheng. added a sentence: "Dong Sheng is reluctant!"

As if to say: you are about to find a way out, go for it! In addition to this, the author goes deeper:

People like you who don't meet talents, as long as they are "righteous and benevolent", they will cherish them, not to mention those "Yan Zhao people" who are "benevolent and righteous out of their nature"? He also praised Hebei and congratulated Dong Sheng. The meaning seems to be:

You've found the right way out! This is actually some rhetoric, the so-called "heart is negative and words are only".

It is a farewell gift preface made for Dong Shao's southern tour of Hebei.

Preface, also known as narrative, narrative, narrative, preface, preface, introduction, introduction, introduction, etc. It is said that the preface begins with Confucius's praise of Yi. In ancient times, the preface was mostly placed at the back of the book, but now it is generally placed at the front of the book, and the preface placed at the back of the book is called the back preface or the preface.

The content and style of the preface are roughly the same, so they can be collectively called the preface. The general book is orderly, if you feel that the preface is not finished, there can still be a book behind.

There is a distinction between self-order and other order. The preface is biased to explain the purpose of the work, the writing process, the writing style, etc., and can also briefly explain the key points and difficulties in the book. Self-preface is sometimes referred to as a preface.

The average reader has the habit of reading the preface before reading a book. They liken the preface to a "guide to the garden", so some books also call the preface an introduction. Both self-preface and other preface undertake the task of helping readers better understand the content of the book.

Therefore, the first essence of the preface should be frank, honest, and to the point, and we should be responsible for the readers and the society. Those who write prefaces should have a deep understanding of the author, carefully study the original work, and not rely on hearsay materials or superficial impressions to perfunctory writing. All famous masters always have expertise in a certain aspect.

The preface by a famous writer can help readers go deeper into the mysteries and is also conducive to cultivating talents. However, as long as you have insight, even if you are not a famous artist, you are also qualified to write a preface.

The prologue is an aspect of the style. Because they have not carefully read the original manuscript, they have no choice but to list trivial matters, or arrange anecdotes wherever they want, and the result is that the preface and the text are often incompatible, and order equals disorder. This is really a bad style of writing.

Most of the prefaces are interspersed and discussed. It is more narrative and has the characteristics of prose; It is biased towards negotiation and has the characteristics of **. Whether it's prose or **, you have to say something.

Prose should be distinguished by the richness of the material and the variety of the writing, and the depth of the argument and the thoroughness of the analysis. Among the various applied genres, the preface has great literary value or historical value.