What are the signs of dysphagia? What causes dysphagia?

Dysphagia is a feeling of obstruction in the pharynx, retrosternal, or esophageal region due to obstruction of food transport from the mouth to the stomach or cardia. Clinicians must pay attention to the fact that dysphagia due to organic disease must be distinguished from pseudodysphagia, which has no underlying lesion of esophageal obstruction, and patients only complain of a lumpy blockage in the pharynx and retrosternal area, but often cannot clearly identify the specific site, and there is no difficulty eating liquid or solid food, and such patients are often accompanied by other symptoms of neurosis. Dysphagia is the most common symptom of esophageal cancer, and it is important for anyone with dysphagia to determine whether it is caused by cancer as early as possible.

Nickname. Difficulty swallowing.

English name. dysphagia

Visiting the department. Otorhinolaryngology.

Common**. Oropharyngeal diseases, esophageal diseases, neuromuscular diseases, systemic diseases.

Common symptoms. Dysphagia with hoarseness, choking, hiccups, retrosternal pain, acid reflux, burning, asthma, dyspnea, etc.

Fast. Navigation.

Clinical presentation. Examine.

Diagnosis. Differential diagnosis.

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1.Oropharyngeal disease.

Oropharyngitis, oropharyngeal injury, pharyngeal diphtheria, pharyngeal tuberculosis, pharyngeal tumor, posterior pharyngeal wall abscess, etc.

2.Esophageal disease.

Esophagitis, benign esophageal tumors, esophageal cancer, esophageal foreign bodies, esophageal muscle dysfunction (achalasia, diffuse esophageal spasm, etc.), extreme thyroid enlargement, etc. Esophageal cancer is one of the most important**.

3.Neuromuscular disorders.

Bulbar palsy, myasthenia gravis, organophosphate insecticide poisoning, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, cricopharyngeal achalasia, etc.

4.Systemic disease.

Rabies, tetanus, botulism, iron deficiency dysphagia (Plummer-Vinson syndrome), etc.

When you start eating, it is difficult to swallow food or liquids.

Retching, choking, or coughing occur when swallowing.

Food or liquids return to the throat, mouth, or nose after swallowing.

It feels as if food or liquid is stuck in your throat or somewhere in your chest.

Pain when swallowing.

Pain or pressure in the chest, or heartburn.

Weight loss is caused by a decrease in eating or drinking.

Not only that, it can be manifested as choking on water, slow eating, poor chewing food, poor tongue transport, throat obstruction, regurgitation, easy fatigue when eating, painful swallowing, abnormal voice, dry mouth, salivation, loss of appetite, weight loss, etc., among which choking cough is the most common when drinking water. Choking on drinking water can be appropriately used to thicken various hot and cold beverages with a combination of edible food and food thickeners to help swallow smoothly, thereby reducing the risk of aspiration.

What are the early manifestations of dysphagia? Do you know.

Dysphagia is mainly related to the cause of pharyngeal muscle paralysis, and a variety of causes can involve the laryngeal nerves, resulting in dysphagia, such as cerebral infarction, especially brainstem infarction can cause dysphagia, choking and other symptoms. There is also intracerebral hemorrhage, especially in the cerebral stem, which can also paralyze the pharyngeal muscles, resulting in choking and dysphagia.

Secondly, some common oral and pharyngeal organ pathologies, such as pharyngitis, tonsillitis, and pharyngeal tumors, can cause dysphagia.

Dysphagia is a condition in which people have difficulty swallowing food, and the causes of dysphagia include functional dysphagia, obstructive dysphagia, and paralytic dysphagia. Functional dysphagia is common, and all diseases that can cause sore throat are accompanied by varying degrees of dysphagia, and the more severe the sore throat, the more severe the dysphagia. Obstructive dysphagia, on the other hand, includes pharyngeal or esophageal strictures, tumors, or foreign bodies, which are mainly manifested by difficulty swallowing solid foods and liquid diets.

Paralysis dysphagia is mainly due to paralysis of pharyngeal muscles caused by central lesions or peripheral neuritis, causing dysphagia, which is more obvious when taking a liquid diet.