Major contributions of John von Neumann

Feng. The main idea of the basic working principle of the computer described by Neumann is program storage.

The principle of stored programs is also known as the "von Neumann principle" (proposed in 1946). Store programs to your computer's internal memory like data.

is a design principle in . Once the program is stored in memory, the computer can automatically move from one instruction to another. Modern electronic computers.

They are all designed according to this principle.

Von Neumann structure.

Also known as the Princeton structure.

It is a memory structure that combines program instruction memory and data memory. Program instruction storage addresses and data storage addresses point to different physical locations of the same memory, so program instructions and data are of the same width, as in the case of Intel Corporation.

8086** processor.

The program instructions and data are all 16 bits wide.

Von Neumann uses two important concepts of binary and stored program control.

The development of computers was inseparable from the Hungarian scientist von Neumann, who taught at the University of Berlin in Germany. Since the beginning of the 20th century, scientists in physics and electronics have debated what kind of structure should be used to build machines that can perform numerical calculations. People are bothered by the decimal system, which is a human habitual method of counting.

Therefore, at that time, the call for the development of analog computers was louder and more powerful. In the mid-30s of the 20th century, the Hungarian scientist von Neumann boldly proposed to abandon the decimal system and adopt binary as the basis of the digital computer. At the same time, he said that the calculations are programmed in advance, and then the computer performs the numerical calculations according to the calculation sequence that people have set in advance.

The main points of von Neumann's theory are: the number system of a digital computer adopts binary; The computer should execute in the order of the program.

People call von Neumann's theory the von Neumann architecture. From the EDVAC to today's state-of-the-art computers, the von Neumann architecture is used. So von Neumann is the well-deserved father of the digital computer.

A computer based on the von Neumann architecture must have the following functions:

Send the required programs and data to the computer.

Must have the ability to memorize programs, data, intermediate results, and final computing results for a long time.

Ability to complete various arithmetic, logical operations and data transmission and other data processing capabilities.

It can control the program direction according to the needs and control the coordinated operation of the various parts of the machine according to the instructions.

Ability to output processing results to users as required.

In order to accomplish these functions, a computer must have five basic building blocks, including:

input devices for entering data and programs; memory of programs and data; Combinators that complete data processing; An output device that controls the output of processing results from the controller executed by the program.

John von Neumann (December 28, 1903 - February 8, 1957), an American-Hungarian mathematician, computer scientist and physicist, graduated from ETH Zurich, an important founder of modern electronic computers and game theory, and is known as the father of modern computers and game theory. He has made significant contributions to many mathematical fields such as functional analysis, ergodic theory, and geometry, as well as to computer science, quantum mechanics, and economics.

His name is often seen in the field of computers and mathematics, and von Neumann, one of the world's greatest scientists, was a Jew and even more so a Hungarian-American. Von Neumann was a genius scientist with an IQ beyond the average and a memorable memory. Von Neumann's achievements in many fields such as modern computers, game theory, nuclear and biochemistry can be called fruitful.

Then there is von Neumann's achievements in game theory. Von Neumann is called the "father of game theory" by later generations, this is von Neumann's contribution to social science, it was von Neumann who founded the discipline of game theory, von Neumann and Morgenster's "Game Theory and Economic Behavior" is a foundational work in this regard, this theory is widely used in the field of economics, and now, this theory is more widely used.

Johann von Neumann was a Hungarian-born American Jewish mathematician, an important founder of modern electronic computers and game theory, and made significant contributions to many mathematical fields such as functional analysis, ergodic theory, geometry, topology, and numerical analysis, as well as computer science, quantum mechanics, and economics.

From an early age, von Neumann was known for his extraordinary intelligence and memory. Von Neumann published about 150 papers during his lifetime, including 60 in pure mathematics, 20 in physics and 60 in applied mathematics. His last work, an unfinished manuscript in the hospital, was later published under the title "Computers and the Human Brain", which showed the direction of his interests in the last years of his life.