10 short stories about chemistry and their impressions after reading

Kekule's hypothesis on the structure of benzene ring has made outstanding contributions to the history of organic chemistry. He was trained as an architect in his early years, had a certain ability to think figuratively, he was good at using the model method, and he was good at linking the properties of compounds to the structure, and his painstaking research finally came to fruition, and in the winter of 1864, his scientific inspiration led him to a major breakthrough. He wrote:

I sat down to write my textbook, but the work didn't progress; My mind wandered. I turned my chair to the fire and dozed off. The atom jumped before my eyes again, and the smaller group humbly retreated behind.

My mind has become sharpened by the constant appearance of such hallucinations, and I can now distinguish large structures of many shapes, as well as long rows of molecules that are sometimes close together, whirling and whirling, moving like snakes. See! What is that?

A snake bit its own tail, and the shape swirled illusory in front of my eyes. It was like a flash of lightning, and I woke up. I spent the rest of the night making this assumption.

Thus, for the first time, Kekuler satisfactorily wrote the structural formula of benzene. It is pointed out that the structure of aromatic compounds contains a closed ring of carbon atoms. It differs from aliphatic compounds that have an open-chain structure.

The birth of the benzene ring structure. It was a milestone in the history of organic chemistry in which Kekuler believed that the six carbon atoms in the benzene ring were alternately linked by single and double bonds to keep the carbon atoms tetravalent. In 1866, he drew a spatial model of single and double bonds, which was completely equivalent to modern structural formulas.

Nobel developed gunpowder and finally blew himself up;

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1.Iodine and fingerprints to solve the case.

In movies, it is often seen that public security officers use fingerprints to solve crimes. Actually, as long as we press our fingers on a blank piece of paper, and then aim the place where the fingers have been pressed on the paper is the mouth of the test tube with a small amount of iodine, and heat the bottom of the test tube with an alcohol lamp. When the sublimated purple iodine vapor in the test tube comes into contact with the paper, the fingerprints that are not normally visible on the paper will gradually be revealed, and a very obvious brown fingerprint can be obtained.

If you hide this blank piece of paper and do the above experiments a few months later, you can still show the fingerprints hidden on the paper. This is because everyone's fingerprints are not exactly the same, and fingers always contain oil, mineral oil, and sweat, among other things. When you put your finger on the top of the paper, the grease, mineral oil, and sweat on the fingerprint will remain on the paper, but the human eye will not be able to see it.

Whereas, pure iodine is a purple-black crystal with a metallic luster. Interestingly, when heated by the vast majority of substances, there are generally three state changes of solid, liquid and gaseous states. Iodine, on the other hand, is unusual, and can be turned into vapor without going through a liquid state when heated.

The phenomenon of direct gasification of solid substances such as iodine is called sublimation. At the same time, iodine also has the property of being easily soluble in organic solvents. Since fingerprints contain organic solvents such as grease and sweat, when iodine vapor rises and encounters these organic solvents, they will dissolve in them, so fingerprints are also displayed.

2.Light and naughty lithium.

Lithium is a soft, silvery-white metal, don't look at its appearance is similar to some metals, and its personality characteristics are not ordinary! First of all, it is exceptionally light, one of the lightest of all metals. Secondly, it is lively by nature and loves to associate with other substances.

For example, if a small piece of lithium is thrown into a glassware and a frosted plug is plugged, the air in the vessel will be quickly depleted by a reaction that will make it a vacuum. As a result, even if you try your best, don't even think about scrubbing.

Sulfuric acid water love letter dear water:

Allow me to call you that, in fact, I have loved you so much for so long. Whenever I meet you, I feel like I'm boiling, and my whole body emits a lot of heat. When I can't see you, I even look for your breath in the air, looking for every trace of you.

How I long to be with you. I'm grumpy at times, that's what I admit. But this is determined by my hexavalent central sulfur atom.

I can't change my temper any more than I can't love you!

Water, I can swear to Mendeleev that I will love you for the rest of my life. Although others think I have a bad temper. They say I bullied metal, bullied hydrogen sulfide and sodium peroxide.

Actually, this is all about nitric acid. Doesn't nitric acid he bullies those compounds, heaven and earth can prove. I only snatched two electrons from the sulfur atom, while nitric acid grabbed six.

Doesn't that mean that he bullies the weak more than I do?

Water, you always hesitate between me and nitric acid, don't think about it, I'm ugly, but sometimes I'm gentle, I never bully my little brother sulfur dioxide, even though he is weaker than me. But I treat him like a big brother to a little brother. And what about nitric acid!

Haven't you seen his brother who bullied it, magnesium nitride?

Water, I love you so much, I love electrons to the nucleus. If nitric acid dares to bully you! You come to me, and I will duel with him to show my love for you! Although my oxidation is not as good as his, I will fight with him for your sake!

Water, I love you with all my heart, forever. I give everything for you, even if for you, I become dilute sulfuric acid, the chemical properties change, then I will not regret it, even if I become dilute sulfuric acid, my heart for you will not change, because I am non-volatile. I'm stronger than nitric acid.

Water, please don't run away, you flee to the ends of the earth, and I will find you. Even if you escape into organic matter. I'll also synthesize you from the new. Because I love you!

98% concentrated sulfuric acid.

A Burning DiamondIn the autumn of 1813, the famous British chemist David (1778-1829) and his assistant Faraday came to Tuscona Castle in order to collect some soil samples for a research topic.

The owner of the castle was the Duke of Tuscona. This hereditary nobleman, proud of the glory of his ancestors and his own identity, is very arrogant, but his stomach is empty. The servant led David and Faraday to the luxurious reception room and sat down, saying that the master would come soon.

The two sat for a long time, but still did not see Tuscona coming, and felt very embarrassed. Just as he was about to say goodbye, Toscona walked in with a big grin on his pipe.

After a bit of noise, David explained to Tuscona about his intention to come to the castle. Tosconnor didn't know anything about the chemical terms he was talking about. Listen absentmindedly.

Looking at the two shabby-clad and dusty chemists in front of him, I felt that these scholars were simply some incredible madmen, who had endured so much hardship and came all the way here to get a few pieces of soil.

He asked, "May I ask the two gentlemen, how much is the monthly salary if you work so hard?" ”

David reported a number. Toscona laughed and sneered, "You talk a lot about science, but I don't have as much scientific knowledge as you, but don't I live a better life than you?" What is the use of science? ”

Faced with this unlearned nobleman, David and Faraday were very upset and decided to teach him a good lesson. Glancing at a diamond ring on Tuscona's finger, Davy began to talk about the carbon in the soil, trying to make it easy and interesting to intrigue. Later, David changed his tone and said:

The soft graphite and the hardest diamond are made of pure carbon, and even the beautiful diamond ring on your hand is made of pure carbon, no different from coal, charcoal, and bone char. ”

Tosconnor was upset when he heard this, he didn't expect such an expensive thing to be said to be worthless carbon, and he thought that David was fooling him. Then he took off the diamond ring and said, "The diamond is not afraid of fire, you say it is carbon, please burn it!"

I want to see if what you say is true or not! ”

David smiled and said, "You don't regret it? ”

Toscona said fiercely: "A gentleman's word, the horse is difficult to chase!" ”

David then asked Faraday to fetch a high-magnification magnifying glass and burning tools, then put the diamond ring in a small box and heat it with water. After a few moments, David raised his magnifying glass and aimed it at the focal length, allowing a beam of intense sunlight focused by the lens to shine directly on the dazzling diamond. After a while, the ring and the diamond were gone.

The Duke watched a diamond worth 10,000 yuan lose due to a bet and regretted it. Far more than 100 words, cut it yourself!