Analysis of the current situation of container transportation of dangerous goods

1. Improve economic efficiency.

The high economic benefits of container transportation are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1) Simplify the packaging and save a lot of packaging costs. To avoid damage to the goods in transit, it is necessary to have sturdy packaging, and the container has the characteristics of being sturdy, airtight, and it is an excellent packaging in itself. The use of containers can simplify packaging, and some even do not need packaging, so as to realize the unpackaged transportation of general goods, which can greatly save packaging costs.

2) Reduce cargo damage and cargo difference, and improve freight quality. Since the container is a sturdy and sealed box, the container itself is a sturdy package. After the goods are packed and sealed, there is no need to unpack and reverse on the way, and even after long-distance transportation or multiple reloading, it is not easy to damage the goods in the box.

Container dynamic transportation can reduce the cargo damage and cargo difference caused by theft, moisture, fouling, etc., which is welcomed by cargo owners and shipping companies, and due to the reduction of cargo damage and cargo difference rate, it reduces the waste of social wealth and also has great social benefits.

3) reduce operating expenses, reduce transportation costs, because the loading and unloading of containers is basically not affected by the bad weather, the non-productive berthing time of ships is shortened, and due to the high efficiency of loading and unloading, the loading and unloading time is shortened, for the shipping company, the navigation rate can be improved, the cost of ship transportation can be reduced, and for the port, the berth passing capacity can be improved, so as to increase the throughput and increase revenue.

2. Improve transportation efficiency.

The traditional mode of transportation has the disadvantages of many loading and unloading links, high labor intensity, low loading and unloading efficiency, and slow ship turnover. Container shipping has completely changed that.

1) The loading and unloading of ordinary cargo ships is generally about 35t per hour, while the loading and unloading of containers can reach about 400t per hour, and the loading and unloading efficiency is greatly improved. At the same time, due to the high degree of mechanization of container loading and unloading, the number of stevedores required per shift is very small, and the average labor productivity of each worker is greatly improved.

2) Because the efficiency of container loading and unloading is very high, the influence of the climate is small, the residence time of the ship in the port is greatly shortened, so the voyage time of the ship is shortened, the turnover of the ship is accelerated, the navigation rate is greatly improved, and the production efficiency of the ship is improved, so as to improve the transportation capacity of the ship, and in the case of not increasing the number of ships, more traffic can be completed, and the income of the shipping company can be increased, so that high efficiency leads to high benefits.

It is necessary to act according to the strength of the national forces, and finally realize containerization.

3. In order to be suitable for multimodal transport.

Because the container transportation is reloaded between different modes of transportation, it is not necessary to carry the goods in the box but only need to reload the container, which improves the efficiency of the reloading operation and is suitable for the combined transportation between different modes of transportation. When reloading and transshipment, the customs and relevant supervision units only need to seal or inspect the seal and transfer the customs for release, thus improving the transportation efficiency.

The world's unified standard operation, safe, flexible transshipment, but also convenient for customs to monitor goods.

There are categories 1-9, and most of them can be transported in containers.

According to the provisions of the national GB6944-86 "Compilation of Dangerous Goods and Product Names", commonly used hazardous chemicals are divided into 7 categories according to their main hazard characteristics: Class L: ** product; Category 2:

compressed and liquefied gases; Class 3: flammable liquids; Class 4: flammable solids, spontaneously combustible articles and flammable materials when wet; Class 5:

oxidizing agents and organic peroxides; Category 6: Poisonous substances; Class 7: Corrosives.

Among them, the first 5 categories are all explosive dangerous goods, and many substances in the last 2 categories also have explosive hazards.

The danger of dangerous goods mainly depends on the physical and chemical properties of the goods themselves, as well as the external environmental conditions. The physical and chemical properties of these goods are inflammable, corrosive, toxic and radioactive, which are the internal characteristics of these goods. However, these characteristics can only be revealed under certain external conditions.

In railway transportation, loading and unloading, in-car assembly, storage in the warehouse, shunting operations, train operation, etc., occasionally improper will cause internal changes in external conditions, resulting in accidents. For example, yellow phosphorus can spontaneously combust, which is its own physical and chemical properties, but yellow phosphorus can only spontaneously combust under the condition of oxygen, and yellow phosphorus cannot interact with water. Therefore, the yellow phosphorus is sealed in water to isolate oxygen during rail transportation, and even if the water is heated to 100 degrees Celsius, the yellow phosphorus will not spontaneously combust.

Therefore, as long as we grasp the nature and changing conditions of all kinds of dangerous goods with a scientific attitude, act in strict accordance with the regulations, and eliminate the external conditions that may lead to internal changes in the process of handling, loading and unloading, transportation and storage, we can ensure the safe and rapid completion of the transportation of dangerous goods.

Because the traditional mode of transportation has the shortcomings of low loading and unloading efficiency, high labor intensity, many loading and unloading links, slow ship turnover, complicated freight procedures, and serious cargo damage and difference, people are urgently required to change it to make it an efficient, low-consumption, convenient and fast mode of transportation. And container transportation is such a modern mode of transportation. A container is a type of transportation equipment that has sufficient strength and durability to be used repeatedly.

It can greatly improve the cargo loading capacity of the means of transport, improve the efficiency of cargo loading and unloading and the economic benefits of cargo transportation, and can realize door-to-door transportation and multimodal transport by sea, rail, land and air, so it has developed rapidly and has become the most advanced mode of transportation in the world today. Because the container has the characteristics of sturdy and sealed, it is an excellent packaging in itself, so the container is used to transport dangerous goods, because it is less affected by external conditions such as climate, loading and unloading, and the safety and reliability can be guaranteed. However, there is a duality in everything.

Because container transportation is a closed mode of transportation, there are also some disadvantages to the use of containers to transport dangerous goods: if there are defects such as improper loading of goods or damaged packaging of goods, or changes or reactions of goods, it is difficult to be found in time; In the event of an accident during transportation, it is difficult to move the container or open the door for disposal on board, which may lead to the expansion of the accident or the aggravation of the hazard; Driven by economic interests, some people conceal the dangerous nature of the goods and consign dangerous goods in the name of ordinary goods, thus increasing the risk of container transportation of dangerous goods, and even causing a major tragedy of ship destruction and death. Therefore, to strengthen the safety management of dangerous goods container transportation, it is necessary to strictly control the dangerous goods container packing link and improve the packing quality of dangerous goods containers.