What are the production processes for the production of powdered organic fertilizer?

First, the principle of organic fertilizer fermentation.

It refers to the process of converting waste organic matter into fertilizer through the fermentation of microorganisms under artificial control and certain moisture, C n and ventilation conditions.

2. Organic fertilizer fermentation method.

1. Anaerobic fermentation: under anoxic or anaerobic conditions, the composting process mainly uses anaerobic microorganisms. In addition to humic organic compounds, carbon dioxide and methane, the final product also contains reducing substances such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and other organic acids.

The process is simple and does not require ventilation, but the reaction rate is slow and the composting cycle is long.

2. Aerobic fermentation: under the condition of artificial control and a certain carbon and nitrogen ratio (C n), moisture, temperature and ventilation, the process of converting organic matter into stable humus through microorganisms, this kind of compost is odorless and fly-free, but has a faint earthy smell.

3. Organic fertilizer fermentation process.

1. Static stacking composting: no need to turn over the pile, which can ensure that the compost body can effectively achieve high temperature and pathogenic bacteria inactivation, and shorten the composting cycle.

2. Dynamic stacking composting: manual or mechanical regular turning of the pile to ensure the aerobic state of the compost.

3. Reactor composting: carried out in one container or several containers, it can effectively control the temperature and moisture, so as to monitor the degree of compost fermentation.

2. Common raw materials for organic fertilizer.

1. Plant source.

1) Straw: common original corn straw, wheat straw, soybean straw, rice straw. Contains high cellulose and lignin and other macromolecular substances, low nutrient content such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (except legumes), it is rare to use this kind of material as organic fertilizer alone, and is generally used to increase the organic matter of fermentation materials and adjust the carbon and nitrogen ratio.

This kind of raw materials are relatively abundant and cheap, but because these materials are mostly in the hands of agriculture, it is difficult to purchase a large area, and the seasonality is strong, and the annual production needs to be stocked in advance.

2) Meal: soybean meal, cotton meal, castor meal, pepper meal, peanut meal, etc., are mostly leftovers of agricultural product processing industry, and most of them are auxiliary materials. Organic fertilizer with meal as raw material can be called high-end organic fertilizer, because it is mostly feed grade, the cost of raw materials is high, and fermentation and decomposition are not easy to control.

3) Mushroom bran: commonly known as mushroom residue, enoki mushroom residue, oyster mushroom residue, oyster mushroom residue, etc., the raw materials are distiller's grains, corn cob, rice husk powder, wheat bran, soybean meal and some nutrients. Bacterial bran has high organic matter, rich in bacterial protein, vitamins, trace elements and auxin, and the effect of organic fertilizer in fertility is better.

2. Animal origin.

1) Animal manure: sheep manure, pig manure, cow manure, etc. are all good organic fertilizer raw materials. It has a high content of organic matter, but it is not easy to decompose due to the low fiber content. When used, it should be fully decomposed and fermented, and the eggs and weeds of diseases and insects, bacteria and weeds should be killed at high temperature.

2) Animal processing waste: Processing waste, even breeding waste, can also be used as raw materials for organic fertilizer. Pollution-free biodegradation is usually used.

The whole process of powdered organic fertilizer can be simply divided into three processes: pretreatment, primary fermentation and post-treatment.

Pre-treatment: After the compost raw materials are transported to the stockpile, they are weighed by scales, sent to the mixing and mixing device, mixed with the production and domestic organic wastewater in the factory, mixed with compound bacteria, and coarsely adjusted the compost moisture and carbon and nitrogen ratio according to the raw material composition, and enter the next process after mixing.

A fermentation: the mixed raw materials are sent to a fermentation tank with a loader, piled into a fermentation pile, and a fan is used to force ventilation from the bottom of the fermentation tank to the top for oxygen supply, and at the same time, about 2 days to turn over the pile, and replenish water (mainly to the production and living organic wastewater in the factory) and nutrients, control the fermentation temperature at 500 C 650 C, aerobic fermentation, a fermentation cycle of this project is 8 days, every day into a pool of raw materials out of a pool of semi-finished products, after the fermented semi-finished products are discharged, ready to enter the next process.

Post-treatment: The finished compost is further screened, and the sieve content is treated separately according to the moisture content. After the sieve is granulated, it is sent to a dryer heated by biogas from the biogas digester for drying, and the medium and trace elements are added in proportion and then stirred and mixed to make finished products, which are divided and stored for sale.

The material on the screen is returned to the crushing process for reuse.

To sum up, the whole process specifically includes physical dehydration of fresh crop straw, dry raw material crushing, screening and mixing (bacteria + fresh livestock and poultry manure + crushed crop straw mixed in proportion), heap rot fermentation, temperature change observation, air blasting, turning pile, moisture control, screening, finished product packaging, and warehousing.

The process of organic fertilizer production is as follows:

First of all, it is necessary to ferment and rot raw materials such as animal manure, and the harmful bacteria in the whole fermentation process can be killed, which is also the most important in the whole organic fertilizer manufacturing process. Secondly, the organic fertilizer crushing equipment and semi-wet material crusher should be used to preliminarily decompose the raw materials.

Ingredients are a critical step in fertilizer production. Its main function is to add appropriate ingredients in proportion, so that the organic fertilizer is rich in organic matter and the quality is improved. After the material is stirred, it is also the most important part of the whole process.

The material is heated by the drying process, which then needs to be cooled.

Organic fertilizer

Refers specifically to the use of various types of animal waste (including animal waste; animal processing waste) and plant residues (cake fertilizers; crop straw; Defoliation; Branches; Grass, etc.) is the original selling of the Imperial Bureau materials, using physical, chemical, biological or a combination of the three treatment technologies, after a certain processing technology (including but not limited to stacking; High temperature; anaerobic, etc.).

After the organic fertilizer is processed by biological matter, animal and plant waste, and plant residues, it eliminates the toxic and harmful substances in it, and is rich in a large number of beneficial substances, including: a variety of organic acids, peptides, and rich nutrients including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. It can not only provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, but also has a long effect of removing lead fertilizer.

First: blending. In recent years, China has gradually emerged a blending method to produce fertilizer technology, in fact, the technology has been widely used and mature in foreign countries, but there is a process for our domestic growers to accept.

This process is to directly feed the raw materials according to the measured ratio, and then fully mix with physical methods, the fertilizer produced by this process is simple, cost-saving, and the formula is flexible and diverse, and can be customized according to different soil types and different crops on demand.

Second: dry powder physical agglomerate method. In fact, this method is still a physical method, different from the direct blending method, the raw material used in this method is powdered, according to the formula required in advance for feeding, and then by adding water or steam and then rolling in the drum or disc in the state, the formation of compound particles, sometimes also by adding acid or liquid ammonia, in order to facilitate the granulation formation.

The fertilizer made by this method is more uniform than direct blending, and the fertilizer effect is more stable.

Third: slurry method. It is the use of phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid and other acids and liquefied ammonia reaction to generate nitrogen and phosphorus mixed slurry, and then by adding potassium chloride or potassium sulfate and other fillers, the compound fertilizer prepared by this method has uniform particles, and the proportion of nutrients contained in each small particle is basically the same, and the physical properties are also relatively good.

Fourth: tower granulation. There is a kind of fertilizer high-tower nitro-sulfur or high-tower sulfur-based and high-tower nitro is very popular among growers, because the high-tower granulation particles are uniform, the appearance is beautiful, and the water solubility is good, and the fertilizer effect is fast.

The tower granulation equipment mainly has a tower body, generally 50 meters to 100 meters, or higher; pelletizing equipment; Three parts of the reactor. Generally, small fertilizer manufacturers can not produce such particles, and tower granulation has a characteristic that distinguishes other fertilizer particles, each tower granulation, there is a pinhole size of a small hole, other production processes can not imitate.

Urea, after being converted to CO, is then oxidized to CO2, and then ammonia is formed, and each process has a different production process.

Abstract: When a bag of bio-organic fertilizer is delivered to us by express, we are often curious about how it is made, what are the production processes, in fact, the production process of bio-organic fertilizer is not complicated, after preparation, fermentation, secondary fermentation, adding functional bacteria to stir evenly, sieving processing, granulation and drying, cooling, packaging and other steps can get organic fertilizer. When storing, special attention should be paid to the storage during transportation, which should be kept in a dry and ventilated location.

1. Preparation.

Collect the raw materials that need to be produced, such as livestock and poultry manure, straw, etc., dilute the biological fermentation strains in proportion to rice bran or rice husk powder, and then evenly throw the diluted fermentation strains into the raw materials.

2. Fermentation. Put the raw materials into the fermentation tank, tiling, and the stacking height should be appropriate according to the height of the fermentation and dumping machine used, generally between the rice, and use the dumping machine to evenly dump after sprinkling the strain, and then wait for the raw materials to heat up and ferment, and carry out the flipping work every 3 days or so in the process to ensure that the raw materials receive sufficient oxygen and prevent the temperature from being too high. After about 20 days, the raw material is gray-brown, the temperature drops to room temperature, and there is no odor, indicating that the fermentation is successful.

3. Secondary fermentation.

After the organic fertilizer is produced according to the steps, the organic fertilizer is stacked and fermented for the second time, and the temperature is reduced to about 40 degrees for 15-20 days, and the bacterial agent with phosphorus solution, potassium solution, nitrogen fixation, and underground pest control function is evenly added to the fermented organic fertilizer in the ratio of 1:500.

4. Add functional bacteria and stir well.

The functional microbial agent and fermented organic fertilizer are evenly added to the organic fertilizer in proportion, and the bio-organic fertilizer standard can be reached after 7 days of fermentation.

5. Screening processing.

The fermented bio-organic fertilizer is screened and put into storage.

6. Granulation. The processed functional pure bio-organic fertilizer is granulated. Choose granulators according to different raw materials, disc granulators, extrusion granulators, extrusion ball throwing machines, etc.

7. Drying, cooling and packaging.

The moisture content of the newly made granules is relatively large, and the moisture needs to be dried to below 20% of the organic fertilizer standard, and the biological organic fertilizer needs to choose a low temperature (the temperature is lower than 80 degrees) when choosing a dryer, and the dried granular organic fertilizer is directly packaged after cooling by the cooler.

Second, how to store biological organic fertilizer.

The storage of bio-organic fertilizer in transportation is particularly important, and the following points should be noted:

1. During transportation and storage, contact with alkaline fertilizers such as ammonium bicarbonate, calcium, magnesium and phosphate fertilizers should be avoided.

2. Bio-organic fertilizer is easy to cause nutrient loss when exposed to water, so it should be avoided from rain during transportation, and it should be stored in a dry and ventilated place.

3. Bio-organic fertilizer contains beneficial microorganisms, and the ultraviolet rays in the sunlight will affect the normal growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms.

In the process of growing any crop, if you want to grow quickly, fertilizer is of course an indispensable part, generally speaking, fertilizer is also divided into two types, namely high-grade fertilizer and general fertilizer. However, in recent years, farmers have used a lot of organic fertilizers when planting crops, mainly because organic fertilizers are very cheap and easy to use. The main raw materials of organic fertilizer are cow manure, chicken manure and pig manure, etc., which are properly mixed with some wheat straw and other agricultural garbage for fermentation and then rotted fertilizer.

Organic fertilizer not only relieves the pressure of people to dispose of agricultural waste, but also is very helpful for the growth of plants.

Normally, when we make organic fertilizer, we first have to prepare livestock and poultry manure, which is the main component of organic fertilizer. In these livestock and poultry manure, the highest organic matter content should be chicken manure, and then you can also mix the leftover apple cores and leftovers in the trash can at home with these livestock and poultry manure, of course, you can also add wheat straw and other accessories to add water to rot. Although it is said that some household garbage can be degraded like usual, it is best not to put it in it for decomposition like plastic bags, because they are not degradable.

When composting, it is best to find a relatively large and spacious place for decomposing organic fertilizer. And when choosing a site, it is better to be a little farther away from the place where the residents live. When composting, try to keep the temperature above 15 degrees, and remember not to pile too high or too low, and try not to exceed 60 cm.

When it is ripe, we want to completely decompose the organic fertilizer, and never pile the whole fertilizer together. When stacking, you can use wooden sticks to punch out several holes in the organic fertilizer fertilizer, so that oxygen can help the organic fertilizer to rot faster. And in the process of composting, it can also be turned, and the degree of decay will be relatively more balanced.

A lot of organic fertilizers are composed of straw, soybean meal, cotton meal, mushroom residue, biogas residue and other things. It is stirred and processed by a machine.

1. The pressurized neutralization process is mostly used in the industry, and the pressurized neutralization is operated at 175 180 °C, and the nitric acid concentration is 50 60;

2. Neutralize with ammonia to pH 3 4 to reduce ammonia loss;

3. Ammonia is added to adjust to pH of about 7, and the concentration of ammonium nitrate solution obtained is 80 87;

4. The steam of ** is used to evaporate liquid ammonia or as a heat source for vacuum evaporation of ammonium nitrate solution. The dilute ammonium nitrate solution obtained by neutralization is concentrated to 95 99 by vacuum evaporation or falling film evaporation;

5, Then granulation is made by different methods. Tower spray granulation is the most widely used ammonium nitrate granulation method, which completes chemical fertilizer;