The South Asian monsoon climate is dominated by winds from January to July

Most of South Asia has a tropical monsoon climate, with a hot season (March-May), a rainy season (June-October) and a cool season (November to February). The southwest monsoon windward slope is extremely rich in precipitation and is one of the wettest regions in the world (e.g. Kirapunzi in India). Precipitation is scarce in the northwest.

Most of South Asia is located north of the equator and south of 30°N, with the exception of northwestern India and southern Pakistan, which have tropical desert climates. The formation of the South Asian monsoon climate is closely related to the difference in the thermal properties of land and sea, the seasonal movement of the pressure belt and the wind belt, and the topographic effect of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

According to the advance and retreat of the monsoon, South Asia can be divided into three seasons of the year: cool, hot and rainy. 11 February, the northeast monsoon blowing from the mainland to the ocean brings clear, dry, cool weather, which is the cool season. In the cool season, there is a large diurnal range of temperatures, with some cyclonic rain in the northwest and more precipitation on the east coast of the Indian peninsula.

3 In May, as the direct point of the sun moves northward, the temperature rises rapidly, and the climate is hot and dry, which is called the hot season. The temperature in the central part of the Deccan Plateau reached 35, and the absolute maximum temperature in the Thar Desert once reached more than 50, with occasional sandstorms. 6 In October, due to the persistent high temperature in South Asia, a thermal low pressure was generated over northwestern India, which strongly attracted the southwest monsoon deflected by the southeast trade winds across the equator, thus further strengthening the strength of the southwest monsoon.

The southwest monsoon passes through the vast and warm tropical oceans, which are full of water vapour and bring abundant precipitation to much of South Asia, creating the rainy season. 90% of annual precipitation occurs during the rainy season. The rainy season is the earliest in the western part of the peninsula and the latest in the northwest of India, and the late arrival and early retreat of the southwest monsoon is one of the main reasons for the high rainfall variability in South Asia.

10 At the end of the rainy season in November, the temperature began to gradually decrease, and the pressure in the northern part of the country gradually increased, so that the pressure gradient between land and sea gradually weakened, so that the southwest monsoon began to retreat, and the precipitation decreased, and soon it returned to the cool season.

The South Asian monsoon climate has northeasterly winds in January and southwesterly winds in July.

The South Asian monsoon refers to the monsoon in southern Asia (regions such as the Indian and Indochina peninsulas and southwest China). The Indian peninsula is the most typical, so it is named the South Asian monsoon. Its formation is mainly caused by the seasonal movement of pressure and wind belts, and is also affected by the thermal differences between sea and land and topographic factors.

In winter, the pressure belt and wind belt move southward, the equatorial low pressure belt moves to the southern hemisphere, the cold high pressure on the Asian continent is strong, and the wind blows from Siberia in Mongolia to India, and becomes a northeast wind under the influence of geostrophic deflection force, that is, the winter monsoon in southern Asia. The summer pressure belt and wind belt move northward, the equatorial low pressure moves to the northern hemisphere, and the southeast trade wind, which was originally located in the southern hemisphere, moves northward to the Indian peninsula, and becomes the southwest wind under the influence of geostrophic deflection force, which is the summer monsoon of South Asia. And because the southwest wind is stronger in summer than the northeast wind in winter, it is called the southwest monsoon.

Dry winters and wet summers are the main climatic characteristics of the South Asian monsoon.

In summary, the causes of the South Asian monsoon can be summarized as follows: the difference in thermal properties between land and sea in winter and the movement of the wind belt in the pressure belt in summer.

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Summer: Southwest monsoon prevails.

In summer, the continental temperature is high and controlled by low pressure. The ocean temperature is low and controlled by high pressure.

The Asian continent at this time.

It is under the control of the Asian low pressure (Indian low pressure), while the South Pacific is under the control of the high pressure. The wind flows from high pressure to low pressure. Therefore, the southeast monsoon blows in the southern hemisphere, and the southeast monsoon meets the equator and is subject to geostrophic deflection forces.

Influences, eastward to the southwest monsoon.

Winter season: the northeast monsoon prevails.

In winter, the temperature of the continent is low and controlled by high pressure. The ocean temperature is high and controlled by low pressure.

At this time, Asia is under the control of the Asian high (Mongolian-Siberian high), and the low pressure prevails over the ocean, so the northeast monsoon prevails.

The summer monsoon is stronger due to the proximity of its sources.

An important influence on agriculture in South Asia is the seasonal winds (in the southwest) and the tropical monsoon climate in South Asia.

It is characterized by high temperatures throughout the year and obvious dry and rainy seasons (northeast wind in dry season and southwest wind in rainy season).The southwest monsoon prevails when water vapour passes from the Indian Ocean.

When it blows, it brings abundant precipitation, which is conducive to agricultural production.

Winter: Due to the difference in the specific heat capacity of the sea and land in the Eurasian continent and the Pacific Ocean, the temperature on the continent is low, the air shrinks and sinks, and the air pressure increases. In particular, a strong center of high pressure has emerged in the Mongolian-Siberian region at high latitudes.

On the contrary, in the ocean, there is a difference in pressure between the sea and the land, and under the action of the horizontal pressure gradient force, the wind blows from the land to the ocean (the air flow on the same level is always blown from high pressure to low pressure, and the force that promotes the horizontal air flow from high pressure to low pressure is called horizontal pressure gradient force) However, under the action of the geostrophic deflection force, the wind does not blow directly to the ocean, but constantly deflects to the right. As a result, the entire eastern coast of the Eurasian continent is controlled by northerly winds in winter, which are cold and dry because of the northerly winds blowing from the high latitudes of the continent in winter. The actual northerly winds have already deflected to northeasterlies when they reach South Asia.

In addition, the northern part of South Asia is blocked by mountains, the terrain is closed, and it is located on the leeward slope of the winter wind, and the winter monsoon has a foehn effect, becoming hot and dry. In addition, the latitude itself is low, and the solar height is actually still high in winter, so there is high temperature and little rain in winter.

Briefly the causes of the South Asian winter monsoon: the difference in thermal properties between land and sea. Climatic characteristics: high temperature and little rain.

Summer: The southeast trade winds, which are supposed to occur in the Southern Hemisphere, move northward with the direct point of the Sun, extending their control to the Northern Hemisphere. At this time, due to the difference in the thermal properties of land and sea, a low pressure center appeared near South Asia, and the southeast trade wind could continue to move northward, but due to the action of the geostrophic deflection force in the northern hemisphere, the southeast trade wind wind direction changed to the southwest wind.

The southwest monsoon actually blows from the low-latitude ocean, so it is controlled by the hot and rainy weather in South Asia.

Simply speaking, the causes of the South Asian summer monsoon: the pressure belt of the wind belt moves with the seasons. Climatic characteristics: hot and humid.

To put it simply, it is affected by land and sea.

BAI Thermal Properties Differences

and the seasonal movement of the air pressure zhi with the wind belt to form the dao.

In detail, the difference in the thermal properties of the sea and land forms the difference in the pressure between the Haida Ocean and the South Asian continent, blowing the northeast wind, and the northeast wind blowing from the inland. It's the winter wind.

The summer monsoon is special because as the direct point of the sun moves northward, the pressure belt also moves northward, and the southeast trade winds in the southern hemisphere receive the geostrophic deflection force image and deflect into the southwest monsoon. The wind blows from the ocean, bringing warm and humid air currents, and the summer in South Asia is hot and rainy.

Oh, yes, South Asia has a tropical monsoon climate, with high temperatures all year round, divided into two seasons: dry and rainy.

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Not so much, in fact, it is.

Thermal differences between land and sea and seasonal displacement of pressure and wind belts.

The climate type of South Asia is a tropical monsoon climate, and all tropical climates are characterized by high temperatures throughout the year.

In winter, due to the blockage of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the winter monsoon from the Mongolian high (or Asian high pressure) will not affect South Asia, so South Asia is still hot at this time.

Summer is hot and rainy, and the high temperature does not need to be explained, there are two reasons for the rain:

1. Due to the difference in the thermal properties of the sea and land, low pressure is formed on the Asian continent and high pressure is formed on the Indian Ocean.

2. In summer, the global pressure and wind belts move northward, in which the southeast trade winds move northward across the equator, and the southwesterly winds are formed to the right by the geostrophic deflection force in the northern hemisphere, which brings a large amount of water vapor from the ocean surface to the South Asian land to form rainfall.

What are the characteristics of the Asian monsoon climate?

It is divided into three seasons: hot, rainy and cool, with moderate to more to less precipitation.