The influence of monsoon climate on China, the characteristics of monsoon climate in China

In summer, the Pacific Ocean has a low sea surface temperature and a sinking air flow and high air pressure near the ground, while the Asian continent has a high temperature and a rising air flow and low air pressure near the ground, so the wind blows from the ocean to the land, forming the southeast monsoon.

In winter, the sea surface temperature in the Pacific Ocean is higher than on land, so the sea surface pressure is lower than on land, and the wind blows from land to the ocean, forming the northwest monsoon.

positive impact; Summer rain and heat at the same time, which is conducive to the growth of crops. Precipitation brought by the summer monsoon has helped to alleviate the drought. negative impacts; The summer monsoon brings large amounts of localized precipitation and can cause flooding.

Late arrival and early receding of the summer monsoon can cause drought. Winter winds bring cold waves, sandstorms, and cooler weather. Snow and other disaster weather.

The monsoon climate is a mixture of continental and oceanic climates. In summer, under the influence of warm and humid air currents from the ocean, the climate is hot, humid and rainy, and the climate is oceanic. In winter, it is affected by the dry and cold air flow from the mainland, and the climate is cold, dry and rainy, and the climate is continental.

In monsoon climates, summers are warm and winters are cold. As a result, the annual temperature range is greater than that of the oceanic climate. The coldest month appeared in January, showing the characteristics of continental climate, and the hottest month appeared in July and August, and the temperature in autumn was higher than that in spring, and it showed the characteristics of oceanic climate.

For example, in Changsha, the annual is poor, the coldest month is January, the average temperature, and the hottest month is July and August. In fact, in the 30 years from 1951 to 1980, there were 1 3 years when August was warmer than July, and from the average maximum temperature, August was the hottest. In the 30 years from 1951 to 1980, there were 14 years when the average temperature in August was higher than in July, and the average maximum temperature was also the hottest in August.

In the monsoon climate, the summers are wet and rainy, and the winters are dry and rainy. For example, the annual precipitation in Changsha is 1390 mm, and 71 in March and August; The annual precipitation in Nanjing is 1031 mm, accounting for 74 in April and September; Under monsoon climate conditions, the amount of precipitation and the morning and evening of the rainy season are completely determined by the morning and evening and the strength of the monsoon. For example, the rainy season in Changsha is one month earlier than in Nanjing, and in North China, the rainy season is only in June and August, and even only in July and August.

The length of the rainy season is related to the control of the summer monsoon. In monsoon climates, rainfall is extremely erratic and varies greatly from year to year. In Changsha, rainfall is two times higher than in a rainless year, three times more in Nanjing, and more than five times more in Beijing.

Therefore, under the monsoon climate, frequent floods and droughts are extremely unfavorable to people's production and life.

The high temperature of the monsoon climate is basically the same as that of the rainy period, and although it is inevitably hot and unbearable, it is very beneficial to the development of agriculture. This is because there is plenty of rain when crops are growing vigorously and water is needed most**.

The main southwest monsoon that affects our country. Mainly brings precipitation. Winter is the east monsoon, and the southwest is less affected by the high mountains.

Precipitation is concentrated in the summer in most parts of the country.

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The dry and wet seasons are obvious, and the four seasons are distinct. Winter is controlled by the northerly monsoon from high latitudes, and the climate is dry and cold, and the wind is strong. In summer, the climate is mainly affected by the southerly air flow from the ocean, and the climate is hot and humid and rainy.

The transition season is the interaction of these two types of control airflow, and the weather is changeable, such as cold, hot, sunny and rainy.

The rainy season starts and ends with a clear regularity. Early in the south, late in the north, early in the east, and late in the west. The rainy season ends, early in the north, late in the south, early in the east, and late in the west.

Due to the influence of the monsoon, the eastern coastal area is more rainy, the western part is dry and less rainy, and the south is more rainy than the north. Sooner or later, the occurrence of monsoon rains will have a profound impact on agricultural production, and may even cause large-scale floods and droughts.

In northern China, the winter is dry and cold, and the summer is humid and hot, and the annual and diurnal variation of temperature is greater than that in southern China. There is a big difference in temperature and humidity between the north and south of China, and the difference in winter is greater than that in summer.

In winter, the temperature in eastern China is cooler than in the rest of the world at the same latitude.

China's monsoon climate is characterized by four distinct seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter. In winter, the climate is dry and cold, with northerly winds blowing from the land to the sea, which are cold and dry; In summer, the climate is humid and hot, with southerly winds blowing from the sea to the land, and it is hot and rainy; In spring, the temperature rises rapidly, the atmosphere is unstable, and there are many winds; In autumn, the temperature drops rapidly, the atmosphere is stable, and the autumn air is high and cool.

1) The general high temperature in summer, the rain and heat are the same as the selling period, and the water and heat conditions are properly matched, so that crops and trees can get sufficient heat and water during the vigorous growth period, so that the planting boundary of temperature-loving crops in China is higher than that of other parts of the world.

2) There is a lot of precipitation in summer, which is prone to flooding, while there is less precipitation in other seasons, which is easy to cause drought.

3) When the strength of the winter and summer monsoon is abnormal, it will lead to unstable precipitation and thermal conditions, resulting in drought and flood, low temperature in summer, and cold wave in winter and spring.

<> main reason for the significant monsoon climate in China is the large difference between sea and land heat. The monsoon is a large-scale convective phenomenon caused by factors such as land and sea distribution, atmospheric circulation, and large topography, with a one-year cycle. Asia is the most famous monsoon region in the world, and its monsoon is characterized by the existence of two main monsoon circulations, namely the northeast monsoon in winter and the southwest monsoon in summer.

Generally speaking, November to March of the following year is the winter monsoon period, June and September are the summer monsoon period, and April May and October are the transition period between summer and winter monsoon. However, the seasons vary from region to region, so the division of the monsoon is not exactly the same.