How to grow peppercorns, how to grow peppercorns?

1. Site selection conditions and planting requirements Zanthoxylum pepper woodland should be selected on the sunny slope or semi-sunny slope of the lower part of the hillside, and the soil is loose, well-drained sandy loam is the best, and it can also be planted sporadically on all sides. On the top of the hill or low-lying and waterlogged places and heavy clay soil should not be planted, before afforestation should be carefully prepared, the contour line strip land preparation should be implemented on the slope, the width is 1 meter, the spacing between the belts is 2 meters, and a water interception weir is repaired every 5 meters to prevent erosion. Zanthoxylum pepper seedling afforestation, winter and spring planting is better, winter planting in the "beginning of winter" before and after, spring planting should be in the pepper seedling bud germination, the hole is filled with wet soil first, and should be watered when conditions permit.

Zanthoxylum pepper is required to be transplanted with a large bottom flat, deep digging and shallow planting, re-applying base fertilizer, fertilizing the nest, and not beating. Zanthoxylum bungeanum afforestation row spacing is 2 meters, plant spacing is meters, nest depth, length and width are all meters, 222 plants per mu. In addition, planting peppercorns around nurseries, orchards, institutions, schools, and parks can prevent livestock from harming, beautify the environment, and obtain benefits.

In the year of afforestation, weeding and loosening the soil should be done twice, and when the weather is dry, irrigation should be carried out in time. It can also be interplanted with beans and green manure crops, combined with intercropping crops to care for young forests, and after the pepper is fruited, the soil should be loosened, weededed, fertilized, and pests and diseases should be prevented every year. Second, plastic pruning shaping is one of the main technologies to obtain high yield and high quality of Zanthoxylum, reasonable shaping and pruning, can make the skeleton firm, distinct, strong branches, reasonable cooperation, sufficient light, good ventilation, can not only improve the yield, but also prolong the age of the tree, the main characteristics of Zanthoxylum pepper is light-loving, strong branches, strong branches and fruits, due to the branches, nutrients are too scattered, the growth of fruit branches is weak, the fruiting ability is weakened accordingly, and the fruit spike becomes small and light; Excessive branching, dense canopy, and poor light in the inner chamber cause the twigs to die.

Only through pruning can the contradiction between growth and development and nutritional conditions be solved, so as to achieve the purpose of continuous harvest. 1. Pruning time: after harvest to before germination in the spring of the second year, the best season is to pick peppers.

2. Tree shape: generally three types: natural heart shape, cluster shape, and round head shape. Natural Heart-Shaped Cultivation Method:

After planting, set at 30 cm to leave a side branch, 4-5 years to complete the shaping, and finally remove the center branch can be disemboweled, the cluster culture method is to cut off after planting, from the root neck to extract more branch length or a hole to plant 2-3 branches, all of them grow naturally after survival. The round-headed shape has an obvious trunk, and the main branches are naturally distributed on the main trunk, and the branches are denser. 3. Pruning method:

Zanthoxylum pepper has a good response to pruning, and the corresponding pruning method is adopted according to different growth stages. Young trees master the principle of equal emphasis on shaping and fruiting, the first year after planting from the ground requires a high degree of cutting, the second year before germination to remove the trunk base 30-50 cm of the branches, and evenly retain the main branch 5-7 for stubbing, the rest of the branches are not stubbing, thinning dense squeezing branches, competitive branches, weak branches, diseased branches, long and strong branches. Fruiting trees Remove redundant large branches, and the branches in the crown are mainly sparse, and the diseased branches, cross branches, overlapping branches, dense branches, and long branches are thinned to create good conditions for ventilation and light transmission in the canopy.

Elderly branches are mainly thinned and pruned, large branches are drawn, weak branches are removed, large buds are left, and the fruiting branch groups are updated in a timely manner.

Hehehe, spray pesticides on time. That's all there is to it.

Zanthoxylum pepper has strong adaptability, easy management, and can be planted in front of the house and behind the house.

Zanthoxylum pepper sowing and seedling raising have both spring sowing and autumn sowing. It has been proved by practice in various places that autumn sowing has the following advantages compared with spring sowing: First, autumn sowing of Zanthoxylum pepper eliminates the procedure of seed germination, and the seeds germinate naturally, and they are full at one time and have strong stress resistance.

Second, it can improve the disease resistance of plants. Autumn sowing peppercorns, generally in the following spring in late March or early April, when the outside temperature changes drastically, the seedlings have a certain ability to adapt. Third, autumn sowing pepper does not need top dressing.

Autumn sowing of Zanthoxylum pepper is unearthed 10 15 days earlier than spring sowing, so that the rapid growth period of seedlings comes early, and the formation of a complete root system is also early, and the organic fertilizer applied in the first year of land preparation can be absorbed from the soil.

The technical essentials of autumn sowing pepper are as follows:

First, the land is furrowed. When raising seedlings, we should choose sandy loam land with leeward and sunny direction, gentle and deep soil layer, fertile soil, and good drainage and water. Apply 2000 3000 kg of manure per mu, deep ploughing and fine raking, and make furrows after leveling, with a width of 1 meter.

2. Seed treatment. The seed shell of Zanthoxylum bungeanum is hard, oily and waxy, and the water is not suitable to penetrate the seeds, and germination is more difficult, so it is necessary to carry out degreasing treatment. Before autumn sowing, soak the seeds in alkaline aqueous solution (25 grams of alkaline surface for 1 kg of seeds, add water to submerge the seeds), remove the seeds, soak them for two days, scrub off the oil on the seed coat, and remove them to sow seeds.

You can also use plant ash to rub to remove the oil on the seed coat. 3. Ditching strip seeding. Sowing is generally carried out in late autumn before the soil freezes.

4 5 rows of ditches per furrow, 5 cm deep furrows, 10 12 kg per mu sown. After sowing, it is necessary to cover with a layer of fine soil 2 to 3 cm thick. Fourth, early spring management.

When thawing in the following spring, it should be suppressed once in time to make the seeds and the soil closely connected, which is conducive to the seeds absorbing water and emerging seedlings. Take good care of the nursery and don't let the animals inside. In case of drought in early spring, it is necessary to water it in time.

A few days after watering, a shallow hoe should be used to protect moisture, keep the furrow surface moist, and prevent soil compaction, so as to increase temperature and promote budding.

The planting method of Sichuan pepper is as follows:

1.Select excellent pepper seeds, wash them with water, and soak them in warm water to make a 1% alkali or 1% laundry detergent solution for two days.

2.Manually and repeatedly scrub the oil on the seed coat until the seed surface is grayish-white, rinse the seed coat lye with water after removal, and mix in plant ash to sow seeds.

3.The seedbed is selected to be leeward, sunny, deep, fertile, well-drained sandy soil, and when the seedlings grow to 10-20 cm, they can be transplanted into the pepper field.

Zanthoxylumbungeanummaximof dried ripe peels.

It has the effect of relieving pain in warmth, killing insects and relieving itching. It is mainly used for the treatment of cold and abdominal pain, cold and dampness, diarrhea, worm accumulation and abdominal pain, eczema itching, and women's itching.

Treat the seeds: Soak the peppercorn seeds in warm water and scrub off the grease on the surface. Select a plot:

Choose a sunny and leeward field for planting, not a barren and dry plot. Plant in the soil: Sprinkle the seeds into the soil and cover with a thin layer of soil.

Post-management: transplanting after the seedlings grow to 10 cm.

1. Treat the seeds

Select ripe, plump pepper seeds, wash off the seeds with water, then soak them in warm water for two days, scrub off the grease on the surface of the seeds, until the color turns gray-white, then remove them and wash them with water and mix them with plant ash.

2. Select a plot

Zanthoxylum pepper is suitable for growing in loose and fertile loam, sandy loam or light clay soil, can not choose a barren and dry plot, the plant will not grow healthily due to lack of nutrition, and at the same time the plot should choose a sunny and leeward location, which is conducive to the growth of plants.

3. Plant into the soil

Before planting, dig a pit about 30 cm deep in the soil, then sow the seeds, pour an appropriate amount of water into the pit to keep the soil moist, and finally cover it with a thin layer of soil, and it will take about 10 days to grow seedlings.

4. Post-management

Wait until the seedlings of Zanthoxylum bungeanum grow to 10 cm and grow more than 4 leaves, you can transplant to provide sufficient growth space for the plant, and during the maintenance period, it is necessary to provide sufficient sunlight and water to meet the growth needs of Zanthoxylum.

How to determine the time to pick peppercorns? Master the "five looks", and the quality of pepper is guaranteed.

There are mainly two kinds of red pepper and green pepper in China, and the cultivation sites are cultivated in Chongqing City and Sichuan, and the phoenix pepper in the north, Hancheng Dahongpao and Tai'an Dahongpao are all in arid areas, and the climate is very different, so it is difficult to say the specific picking time. As a region, how to judge the picking time, you can refer to the following three points, and choose the right time to pick in combination with the weather conditions:

1.Look at the variety: there are obvious differences in the picking time of different varieties, some are ripe in July, some are still picking in October, and some are picked in stages, according to the solar terms of previous years to judge the approximate time. Because the climate varies from year to year, it can only be used as a reference.

2.Look at the origin: the southern production area is harvested early, and the northern production area is harvested late.

3.Look at the color to judge the harvest time: each variety will have a different color, the fruit of Dahongpao is bright red, and the surface of the grain has a noticeable bulge.

The peppers are bright red and the ripeness is inconsistent, and they are picked in batches according to the maturity. The pepper is bright red, the seed coat has a bright luster, and the epidermis is prominently raised. White peppers are pale red.

Green peppercorns are different, the skin color is dark green, the suture line is raised, a small part of the fruit is cracked, the seeds turn black and shiny, and the smell has a strong fragrance, and you can start picking.

In general, as long as the color characteristics are met, the harvest begins.

4.Look at the gloss. After ripening, the peppercorns have the inherent luster of this variety, and experienced people can distinguish it.

5.Look at the weather: if it can be completely dried on the day of picking, the luster will be better and the quality will be better. If you pick it in the afternoon, spread it out first, don't get hot, and dry it the next day. So the day of picking and the next day should be sunny and pick according to the weather forecast.

In general, the picking of pepper starts in July and ends in October, the external environment is inconsistent, the treatment depends on the color and luster of the variety, but also depends on the weather, to avoid reducing the quality due to drying problems, in order to pick high-quality peppercorns.

1.Site selection and planting of pepper trees.

Site selection of pepper trees.

Zanthoxylum pepper trees can be planted in front of the house, barren hills, barren slopes, slopes, terraced terraces, flat land, pepper trees are not strict with soil requirements, with loose sandy loam soil, limestone soil growth results are the best. The average annual temperature is 10 to 15 degrees Celsius. However, in winter, when the temperature is above -22 degrees, protective measures need to be taken.

Planting density. Slopes, terraces, and terraces can be 2 3 or flat 3 4 is more reasonable. When planting, 20% more seedlings can be planted in the plant spacing on the ground, which is convenient for replenishing seedlings in the later stage and ensuring the whole seedlings. The row spacing can also be adjusted within 20 cm depending on the width of the terrain to make the most of the land.

In short, the ground is good and less planted. On the contrary, there are many plants.

How to plant.

The planting pit can be dug 40 to 50 cm square, the raw and cooked soil is stacked separately, and phosphate fertilizer and fermented animal manure or bio-organic fertilizer are applied to the pit. Mix well with cooked soil, fill to 30 cm and 5 cm of cooked soil for planting, and the depth is slightly 3 cm deep in the original soil, not too deep. But consider tree pit settlement.

A 50 cm deep pit can be opened with a trencher in the field and planted to reduce labor costs.

The time of planting.

It is better to plant pepper after falling leaves in autumn to before the soil freezes, and some areas are dry and cold in winter, and it is recommended to plant them before germination after the soil thaws in spring. The earlier the spring planting, the better, the planting row is in the north-south direction, and the terraced terraces can be planted according to the terraced terrace shape.

2.Management methods for planted pepper trees.

Before planting, the root system of the seedling can be pruned to cut off the damaged root system. Dip rooting agent or chlormethamide to prevent disease and promote rooting. After planting, water thoroughly and thoroughly, there should be no dry soil layer, especially in water-scarce areas, it is better to dig small pits than to have dry soil layer.

After planting, the pole should be set at a height of 40 to 60 cm. It depends on the geographical environment and working conditions.

For example, the operation of Daejeon machinery can be set to a higher pole. Leave more than 4 buds under the cut.

The cut is sealed with sealing agent or paint. For small seedlings that are not enough to set the height of the pole, leave 5 cm after planting the weak seedlings for flat stubble, leave a vigorous bud after germination, and erase the rest. Set the rod when the height reaches 50 to 70 cm before July.

Otherwise, after the leaves fall to before germination.

3.Zanthoxylum bungeanum disease prevention measures after planting.

After fixing the rod, apply white to prevent cold (whitening agent production: salt, quicklime, water 1:5:

15. Add an appropriate amount of stone sulfur mixture residue) in order to prevent the occurrence of stripping, the winter wind is strong, and the dry area can be covered with plastic bags under the soil to prevent cold and moisturize (plastic bags can be made with sewing machines, 10 cm wide and folded in half).

Remove before germination in spring, cut the soil and pour germination water once, and erase the germination below 20 cm after germination. When the sprouts are large (when the peach blossoms are red in the phenological period), imidacloprid is used to control aphids.

Ground spraying of octythionphos to control needleworm damage to root neck bark. When the length of the new branches is more than 20 cm, dig 4 to 5 20 cm deep pits 50 cm from the stem. Each tree is applied about a kilogram of urea, combined with pest control, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be added each time the pesticide is applied for root topdressing.

In August and October, the mature and healthy pepper seeds are harvested and can be sown. First, the seeds are soaked in water to sieve to remove bad seeds, and then soaked in 1% alkaline aqueous solution, knead the seeds to make them gray-white, take them out and mix them with plant ash after 2 days, and then plant them in loose soil, and seedlings will grow after watering and maintenance for 10 days.

Before planting Zanthoxylum, the seeds need to be harvested, generally in August and October of each year, the pepper will mature, and then the Zanthoxylum pepper seeds on the pepper tree are mature, the fruit is full and there are no pests and diseases. The seeds should be blue-black in color and can be sown immediately after harvesting, no later than early November.

The treatment of the picked seeds is the key to how to grow peppercorns with a higher survival rate. To soak the seeds with clean water first, take out the frivolous bad seeds, and then soak the seeds in a alkaline aqueous solution prepared in a ratio of 1:100, scrub them to make the seeds become dry and gray-white, and rinse them with water after 2 days.

Zanthoxylum bungeanum can grow better in loose calcareous soil, if you choose clay soil or poor and dry sandy land, it will make it difficult for Zanthoxylum bungeanum to grow normally due to poor drainage and air permeability and lack of nutrients. Generally, loam, light clay or sandy loam soil can be selected for seed planting.

Before sowing, the seeds need to be stirred in the plant ash, and then a small pit with a depth of about 30 cm is dug in the soil, and the processed seeds are put into the pit. Pour in the right amount of water to keep the soil moist, then cover with a thin layer of soil to allow the seeds to germinate faster.

You can also cover the seeds with a layer of hay or a layer of plastic film after sowing the seeds to keep the seeds warm and moisturized. In addition, after sowing, remember to water frequently, do not let the soil be too dry, generally after 10 days, pepper seeds will grow seedlings.

After the seedlings of Zanthoxylum bungeanum grow taller, have more than 4 leaves, and the height of the plant reaches 10cm, it is necessary to transplant and cultivate the seedlings in time to make them have enough space to grow. In the maintenance, we should also pay attention to providing sufficient sunlight for the pepper, meet its sun-loving growth habits, and make it grow robust.