Briefly describe the classification of investment funds and their characteristics

According to the operator's classification: closed-end investment, also known as fixed investment, refers to the investment that the capital scale does not increase or decrease within a specified period of time (also known as the "closed period") after the predetermined amount of investment is issued. In terms of portfolio characteristics, it has important characteristics such as equity, creditor's rights and supervision.

Open-ended investment, also known as variable investment, refers to an investment in which the amount of capital can change due to the issuance of new investment or the redemption of the principal by investors. In terms of portfolio characteristics, it has important characteristics such as equity, deposit and flexibility. Listing refers to the investment of a unit listed on an exchange.

For example, exchange-traded open-ended index** (ETF), listed open-ended (LOF), closed-end**. Classification according to whether it can be listed and traded: Unlisted** refers to **investment** that the unit cannot be listed and traded on the **exchange**.

There are two types: realizable** and non-negotiable**. Cashable refers to the investment funds that are not listed on the exchange, but can be recovered through "redemption", such as open-ended. Non-negotiable refers to investments that cannot be publicly traded on the exchange and cannot be recovered through "redemption", such as certain private placements.

According to the classification of investment objects: **** refers to the investment with ** as the investment object ** (** investment accounts for more than 60%); Bonds** refer to investments with bonds as the investment object** (the proportion of bond investment accounts for more than 80%); Hybrid** refers to the bond investment ratio between the above two categories** and can be flexibly adjusted; Money market** refers to the short-term value of money market** such as treasury bills, negotiable certificates of deposit of large banks, commercial papers, corporate bonds, etc.; QDII** is an investment established within the territory of a country and approved by the relevant departments of the country to engage in valuable investment business such as bonds and bonds in the overseas capital market. In addition, according to different investment styles, the **** is specially divided into growth, value and hybrid**.

Growth refers to the growth type that mainly invests in the growth of income with fast growth rate and great potential for future development; Value type refers to the main investment in undervalued and safe **. Value **** is less risky than growth ****, and hybrid **** is somewhere in between. Classified according to investment objectives:

Growth** refers to investing in listed ** or other **investments with good growth potential with the basic goal of pursuing long-term appreciation and profitability of assets. Income type refers to the **investment** with the pursuit of high income in the current period as the basic goal and the ** that can bring stable income as the main investment object. Balanced type refers to the investment that focuses on the combination of long-term and short-term returns and risks in the portfolio with the basic goal of ensuring capital security, current income distribution, and long-term growth of capital and income.

There are several types of open-ended, currency, bond, principal-guaranteed and open-ended. Currency**No subscription and redemption fee, the income is equivalent to a half-year to one-year deposit, which can be redeemed at any time without losing money. The subscription and redemption fees of the bond type ** are relatively low, and the income is generally greater than that of the currency type, but there is also a risk of loss, and the loss will not be very large.

**type** subscription and redemption fees are the highest, **assets are**, ** when ** there is a risk of loss, but if ****, there is a profit.

Through long-term investment, the average annual return of **type** is around 18% 20%, and the average annual return of bond type ** is 7% 10%.

It's the experts who help you manage your money. **The minimum starting capital is 1,000 yuan, and the fixed investment starts from 200 yuan.

You can buy **to the bank or **company. Banks can **many** company business, and the specific account opening can be handled by the bank wealth management counter. Now some ** companies also have **** trading. After the bank opens online banking, there is a discount on the general fees for online purchases.

First of all, do a self-understanding, whether you want high risk and high return or stable capital preservation and income. The former buys **type**, and the latter buys bond type or currency type**. After determining the type, you can choose according to the performance, manager, scale, investment direction preference, charging standard, etc.

**Performance is ranked online. A more stable **type** can choose an index or an ETFIt is best to choose the back-end payment for regular investment, and the same underlying index** should choose the one with low management fees and custody fees.

I don't make specific recommendations, only the feet know whether the shoes are good or not.

Generally speaking, there are two types of open-ended** investments, single investments and regular fixed amounts. The so-called "fixed investment" refers to the investor's investment in a fixed amount (such as 1,000 yuan) at a fixed time every month (such as the 10th of each month) into a designated open-ended investment, similar to the bank's lump sum deposit and withdrawal method. Due to the low starting point and simple method of "fixed investment", it is also known as "small investment plan" or "lazy financial management".

**Regular fixed investment has the characteristics of similar to long-term savings, which can accumulate a lot, spread the investment cost evenly, and reduce the overall risk. It has the function of automatically increasing the weight on dips and reducing the size on highs, no matter how the market changes, you can always get a relatively low average cost, so regular fixed investment can smooth out the peaks and troughs of net worth and eliminate market volatility. As long as there is an overall growth in the selection, investors will get a relatively average return, and they no longer have to worry about the timing of entering the market.

Investment**type** to make a fixed investment is always an opportunity, but the determination to persevere to the end can see the effect.

Closed and open, a total share does not increase an increase.

Listed and unlisted.

Public and private placements.

Investing is also known as mutual aid.

or co-ordinary, which is an institution that raises capital through a public offering of shares and then invests in it. The investment is managed by the manager, and the custodian is entrusted to carry out investment activities in the form of asset portfolios to serve the interests of the share holders.

Investment** can be divided into the following categories according to different classification methods:

1) According to the legal status, it is divided into contract and company. Contract**.

It is a ** investment system formed according to a certain principle of trust deed. The company type ** is operated as a joint-stock company. The investor buys the company** and becomes a shareholder of the company.

There are two types of company type: closed and open. (2) According to the method of fund raising and **, it is divided into folded private placement.

and public offerings. Public Offering**.

It was established by way of public issuance of ** to raise funds. Private placement** is a private offering.

The way to raise funds is established**.

3) According to the set goals of investment benefits and risks, it is divided into returns**, growth**, and there will be a hybrid of the two. Income** pursues regular fixed income for investments, and therefore mainly invests in fixed income**, such as bonds, preferred stocks**, etc. Returns** do not deliberately pursue the spread income that may be formed in the ** fluctuations, so the investment risk is low, and at the same time, the investment income.

Also lower. Growth**Pursuit**Value-added potential. By discovering the undervalued, the price is low and waiting for the appreciation to sell, in order to obtain the profit of investment and consumption.

Extended Information] Investment** can be closed-ended**.

or open**:

1) Closed-end investment is based on the total amount of approved **shares fixed during the contract period, **shares can be traded in the legally established ** trading venue, but **share holders are not allowed to apply for redemption**.

2) Open-ended investment is based on the total amount of shares is not fixed, and the shares can be subscribed or redeemed at the time and place agreed in the contract.

The characteristics of investment** are as follows:

1. Collective financial management and professional management;

2. Portfolio investment and risk diversification;

3. Benefit sharing and risk sharing;

4. Strict supervision and information transparency;

5. Independent custody and security.

Extended information: 1. Investment is a collective investment method that embodies portfolio investment, professional management, benefit sharing and risk sharing, mainly through the issuance of beneficiary certificates to investors (**share Suisheng), the social funds are concentrated, and the professional management institutions are handed over to invest in various assets to achieve value preservation and appreciation, including **investment**, private equity**.

Venture capital**, hedging**.

and alternative investments**.

Second, the investment philosophy of ** is passive ** and active**.

1. Passive refers to exponential.

Specifically, it is based on a specific index, such as the Shanghai Composite Index or the Shenzhen Index, and the constituent stocks of the index are the investment objects. It only needs to be allocated according to the constituent stocks that make up the index, and it is a passive ** manager.

The only active concern is to minimize or correspondingly index tracking error. Therefore, the subscription fee of the index type is also higher than that of the type **.

Quite a bit lower. 2. Active and passive are just the opposite, and the active manager needs to take the initiative to select stocks and bonds, trying to obtain higher returns than the market level through manual selection. Because the manager needs to take the initiative to choose, and the company's research team needs to conduct strict screening, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, the subscription fee of the active type is higher than that of the passive type.

Third, the investment of Ji Xiao Naijin can not have a short-guess to get rich mentality, ** is a tool for long-term investment, through scientific investment can create a reasonable return, and can not be impatient to expect investment ** can be 'rich overnight', otherwise it may lead to irrational investment behavior.

Fourth, to establish the concept of long-term investment, high-quality public offering products can bring good returns in the long-term investment process, although there will be fluctuations and drawdowns in an unfavorable market environment, but through professional risk control.

and investment management, ** more likely to try to cross the bull and bear investment returns, investors should pay attention to 'compound interest.

long-term investment in stable returns of the best products, to achieve the growth and accumulation of wealth.

1. Pooling of funds. Combine a small amount of money from investors to form a large amount of capital for allocation investment.

2. Professional management. **The management agency company has a large number of professional research teams and strong information advantages, which can conduct in-depth analysis and professional research.

3. Risk sharing and benefit sharing. **After deducting general expenses, the remaining investment income shall be distributed according to the **share held by the investor, and the risks arising from the investment shall also be borne by the investor.

4. Independent custody and strict supervision. In order to ensure the safety of the assets, the custodian keeps the custody of the custodian, and the manager conducts investment operations, which are independent of each other, mutually restrictive and supervised, and effectively protect the safety of funds and the rights and interests of investors.

Extended Materials: I. **.

1. **, English is fund, in a broad sense, it refers to a certain amount of funds established for a certain purpose. It mainly includes trust investment, provident fund, insurance, retirement, and various wills.

2. From the perspective of accounting, ** is a narrow concept that refers to funds with a specific purpose and use. We refer to **investment** mainly.

2. According to different criteria, **investment** can be divided into different types:

1) According to whether the unit can be increased or redeemed, it can be divided into open-ended and closed-ended. Open-ended non-listed trading (it depends on the situation), through bank selling, brokerage, company subscription and redemption, the scale is not fixed; Closed-end has a fixed duration and is generally listed and traded on the trading venue, and investors buy and sell units through the secondary market.

2) According to the different organizational forms, it can be divided into company type ** and contract type **. **Established in the form of a company with investment in the number of shares through the issuance of **shares, usually referred to as a company**; It is established by the manager, the custodian and the investor through a contract, which is usually called a contractual type. China's **investment** are all contractual**.

3) According to the different investment risks and returns, it can be divided into growth, income and balance**.

4) According to the different investment objects, it can be divided into ****, bonds**, money market**, ****, etc.

1) Features: investment portfolio, risk diversification, expert financial management, economies of scale.

2) Function: Investment** has a variety of investment functions, which can be used to accumulate personal wealth, can be used as a tool for value storage, and is also a means of pursuing high returns.