When did the enclosure movement emerge and what was its impact?

From the late 70s of the fifteenth century, the enclosure movement of "sheep eating people" began, and until the first half of the nineteenth century, after more than 300 years.

The British enclosure movement accumulated primitive capital at the expense of the peasants, provided cheap wage labor and a domestic market for capitalism, and laid the foundation for Britain to develop into a capitalist power.

The enclosure was in the 12th century.

From the 12th to the 19th century, the so-called land enclosure movement emerged in Europe, represented by the British, and a small number of "public land" was enclosed and became private land that was not allowed to be used by the general public.

Methods of land enclosure include a more peaceful way for landowners to buy out the usufruct rights of farmers, and legislation to enforce the termination of the rights of non-landowners to use them. These coercive methods often lead to conflict and even rebellion.

This situation has occurred in the United Kingdom, Germany, France, the Netherlands, Denmark and other countries, and the United Kingdom is the most typical. This is one of the most important means of primitive accumulation of capital.

One theory is that during this period, the sale of wool products increased dramatically, and in order to increase the amount of wool to meet the market, merchants used different methods to enclose and merge arable land, including privatization of public land and forcing small farmers to sell their land in order to increase the area of pasture.

Evaluation of the enclosure movement

1. Enclosure is the precursor of the agricultural revolution in England. Centralized land management and other revolutions in agricultural technology led to a dramatic increase in agricultural production and made the Industrial Revolution possible.

2. The enclosure movement cooperated with the industrial revolution, provided sufficient labor and industrial raw materials for the industrial revolution, and could support more non-agricultural population, although there were many injustices and riots, objectively it was indeed a necessary prerequisite for industrialization, providing large-scale cultivation after land concentration to increase output, and the peasants who were driven out were put into industry and commerce to become the first of labor.

15 In the 16th century, the wool industry in England, the Netherlands (Netherlands) and other countries was prosperous, and wool was in high demand, and sheep raising became an important means of obtaining high profits. Sheep farming required large tracts of land, so the aristocracy drove out the peasants who had rented their land, and even demolished their houses to occupy these enclosures to raise sheep.

For a time, meadows divided into patches by wooden fences, fences, ditches and fences were everywhere in England. Those peasants who were forced to leave their homes became homeless and homeless, which became known as the "enclosure movement".

The enclosure movement cooperated with the Industrial Revolution, which provided sufficient labor and industrial raw materials for the Industrial Revolution, as well as the ability to support a larger non-agricultural population, although it produced many injustices and riots, and objectively it was indeed a necessary prerequisite for industrialization, providing large-scale cultivation after the concentration of land to increase production, and the peasants who were driven out were put into industry and commerce to become the first of the labor force.

The significance and impact of the enclosure movement included the dismantling of the small peasant economy and the transition from feudal agriculture to capitalist agriculture in England. The significance and impact of the enclosure movement included the dismantling of the small-scale peasant economy and the transition from feudal to capitalist agriculture in England; The enclosure movement sacrificed the interests of the peasants, accumulated primitive capital, provided capitalism with cheap wage labor and a domestic market, laid the foundation for the development of Britain into a capitalist power, etc.

The land enclosure movement refers to the behavior of the bourgeoisie and the aristocracy driving the peasants out of the land through violence, forcibly seizing the peasants' land division and common property, depriving the peasants of their land use rights and ownership, restricting or canceling the original common land rights and animal husbandry rights, and enclosing the forcibly occupied land and turning it into private farms. The phenomenon of enclosure first appeared in the 12th century.

What is a rodeo movement.

In the Middle Ages, there was a phenomenon of enclosing land in many parts of the European continent, such as Germany, France, Britain, the Netherlands, etc., among which the British enclosure movement was the most typical and the largest in scale, and as early as the feudal period, Britain had a large-scale enclosure movement.

At the end of the 15th century, with the opening of new shipping routes, Britain because of its superior geographical location, the development of foreign countries, so in the rural areas of the southeast where industry and commerce are developed, the landlords first began the enclosure movement, and later some nobles also joined it, to the century, the British handicraft industry has been developed, the demand for agricultural products has increased greatly, and the enclosure movement is unprecedentedly high.

After 1688, Britain even legislated to openly support the enclosure movement, and in the 18th century, after the passage of the "Public Land Enclosure Act", there was a big ghost bar to forcibly take away the common land used by the peasants, and the enclosure and demolition movement for their own ownership was not until 2845, and the British enclosure movement gradually came to an end.

The impact of the enclosure movement

The enclosure movement prepared the class conditions for the British bourgeois revolution, accelerated the process of British towns, and promoted the emergence of the British industrial revolution, but for the peasants, it was a great disaster.