What kind of wine does the heroes drink in Water Margin , and how can the ancients drink it so much

Before the Yuan Dynasty, the wine up to the Southern Song Dynasty was all fermented wine, and the degree was not more than 20 at most; Most of them are rice wine below 10 degrees, which is filtered after fermentation; Therefore, there is"Li Baidou has 100 poems","Green ant new brewed wine"Verses like this, like the eighteen bowls of wine that Wu Song drank in Jingyanggang were all below twenty degrees, or even about ten degrees.

In addition, in order to show the heroism of the characters, the descriptions are often exaggerated, and sometimes some mythological colors are added, such as the magic of the dragon grandson who won the magic is fictional, so it is not that the ancients were really so able to drink.

Our country has a long history of winemaking. It is said that the Yin people are good at wine, and the king of the Yin Dynasty is "to use wine as a pool, and county meat as a forest", and "to drink for a long night" (see "Historical Records of Yin Benji"), and finally lost the country. The "Wine Message" in the "Book of Shang" is King Zhou Cheng's warning to Yin's remnants to take the elbow as a lesson and not to indulge in wine.

There are many Yin Dynasty wine vessels unearthed in modern times, indicating that the drinking atmosphere was indeed very prosperous at that time. In fact, drinking is not a unique hobby of Yin people, and there have been celebrities who are greedy for drinks throughout the ages. Almost all of the literati of later generations also drank alcohol, including female writers.

Not only did they drink wine, but they also wrote about it, and wine became almost an "eternal theme" in ancient literature. However, in ancient times, liquor was not a strong liquor, and it was generally made by boiling millet or sorghum and adding it to the sake mother. The time for sake to mature is very short, and there are very few "old cellars" and "aging".

One of Tao Qian's "He Guo Zhubo": "Spring rice is used as fine wine, and I pour it when the wine is ripe." "Du Fu's "Three Songs of Qiang Village":

Lai Zhihe has harvested, and he has felt bad; ”。Strong soju appeared very late, so Li Baidou's hundred poems and Wu Song's eighteen bowls of wine were still thin wine. If you have half a pound of two pots of alcohol, you can also drink a few bowls.

In ancient times, there were different names for sake because of its intensity. The one-night brew is called "li" (li), and its taste is sweet, similar to today's glutinous rice liqueur, but the raw materials are different. The sake that has been brewed many times is called "酎".

The Book of Rites Moon Order: "The Moon of Mengxia." The Son of Heaven drank and drank with ceremonies. The degree of liquor is higher than that of liquor, and the strongest liquor is called "醲" (thick) and alcohol. "Saying": "Mellow, don't pour wine."

After the wine is brewed, it is not mixed with water, and the taste is natural and pure. After the wine is brewed, it should be filtered, which is called "mash" (embryo). Du Fu's "Guest Arrival":

Panfang City is far from having a taste, and the bottle restaurant is poor and old. "Once filtered, it is called sake, otherwise it is called turbid sake. "Longxi Xing":

The innocence is different, and the wine is sparse. "White is cloudy wine, which is white because of the scum in the wine. At present, the wine drunk by Shanghainese and Jiangsu and Zhejiang people is mostly turbid wine (made of glutinous rice).

Du Fu's "Ascending": "Hardship and bitterness hate frosty sideburns, pouring down new turbid wine glasses." "Three Songs of Qiang Village":

Carry each in your hand, pour the turbidity and restore the clearing. "It's cloudy wine that has been cleared after precipitation. Because the wine contains impurities, the ancient wine will become sour after a long time.

Yan Zi Chunqiu said in the inner chapter: "People who have alcohol, for the utensils are very clean, and the table (sign) is very long," but because the dog raised at home is too fierce, no one dares to buy it, so "the wine is not sold." As late as the Tang Dynasty, there were many varieties of wine.

The famous sentence "glow-in-the-dark glass of grape wine" in Wang Han's "Liangzhou Song" is already well-known; In the fifth volume of "Notes on Lao Xue'an", it is mentioned: "The Tang people like red wine, sweet wine, and gray wine, all of which are incomprehensible. However, it is a pity that by the Song Dynasty, these fine wines, which had attracted the admiration of many poets, had basically been lost.

It's rice wine, and the degree is not high, about 10-18 degrees.

It's like our current beer.

Daughter red bar, but it's definitely not Moutai.

There is no degree of rice wine.

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The fifth time, Xiaobawang got drunk and sold the gold account.

The flower monk made trouble in the sixteenth of Peach Blossom Village.

Hui Yang Zhi escorted the gold and silver burdens.

Wu outwitted the Birth Gang.

Twenty-third.

Henghai County Chai Jin Liubin.

Jingyanggang Wu Song fights the tiger.

Twenty-ninth.

Grace dominates Mengzhou Road.

Wu Song drunkenly beat Jiang Menshen.

Lu Zhi was drunk and hit the mountain gate.

Fourth. Zhao Yuanwai revisited Wenshu Monastery.

Lu Zhishen made a big fuss about Wutai Mountain.

Luda fled to Yanmen County, Daizhou, and Jin's son-in-law Zhao Yuanwai sent him to Wutai Mountain to become a monk to avoid trouble. Ruda does not sit in meditation at night, drinks and beats people. Create a ring knife and a Zen staff like the Guan Wang knife.

In the name of past monks, he drank wine and ate dog meat, dragged his fists and feet in the middle of the mountain, collapsed the pavilion, broke King Kong, burned the temple, returned to the temple to vomit, and stuffed dog legs into Zen Hezi's mouth, causing everyone to scatter. The prison temple and the capital temple sent everyone to fight, and Luda took advantage of the drunkenness to make a big fuss and was drunk by the elders.

Wu Song crossed the post with three bowls and drunk Jiang Menshen.

Twenty-third.

Henghai County Chai Jin Liubin.

Jingyanggang Wu Song fights the tiger.

Wu Song was shocked by Song Jiang and sweated, and his malaria was cured. Wu Song wanted to return to Qinghe County to visit his brother, and the two Song Jiang brothers made a special trip to see them off and end up with Wu Song. Wu Song to the ground in Yanggu County.

Kill the tiger in Jingyanggang. The magistrate rewarded a thousand dollars, and Wu Song scattered the money with the hunters. The magistrate raised Wu Song as the head of the infantry.

Twenty-ninth.

Grace dominates Mengzhou Road.

Wu Song drunkenly beat Jiang Menshen.

Shi En told Wu Song that he had lost the battle with Jiang Menshen for the Happy Forest, and Wu Song wanted to avenge Shi En immediately and become brothers with Shi En.

Wu Song drank a lot of wine, came to the Happy Forest, and threw Mrs. Jiang Menshen into the wine vat in the "Heyang Fengyue" wine shop. gave Jiang Menshen a jade ring step, mandarin duck feet, and beat Jiang Menshen to forgive.

"Water Margin" uses a lot of pen and ink to write about restaurants, wine rhymes, and heroic drinks. According to some statistics, there are 277 descriptions of wine in "Water Margin", and 104 of the 120 episodes have descriptions of wine. It can be seen that the description of wine runs through "Water Margin", and wine culture is an indispensable content in the book.

So what role does wine culture play in the storyline? I think there are the following.

1. It promotes the formation and development of the character and the change of the fate of the character. I believe that many people are familiar with the story of "Lu Ti Zhi Punching the Town of Kansai", and wine plays an important role in this storyline. The whole story starts with Luda, Shi Jin, and Li Zhong drinking together, and ends the next day when Luda punches Zhen Guanxi to death.

It was precisely because the three of them drank together that they let Ruda know that the old Jin father and daughter were bullied by the bully Zhen Guanxi Qingqiao. Drinking and drinking unpleasantly already made Luda very angry, and after listening to Zhen Guanxi's bullying of Jin's father and daughter, under the influence of alcohol, Luda directed all his anger at Zhen Guanxi. That night, Ruda "slept angrily", and the next morning he went to seek justice, and finally killed Zhen Guanxi.

It is conceivable that if there was no drinking that deepened the anger emotion, even if Ruda, as a magistrate, was reckless by nature, he might not have killed Zhen Guanxi and caused a major murder case. As a result, Lu Ti's fate took a major turn and he was forced to live a wandering life, and finally settled in Liangshan.

2. Wine exacerbates the contradictions and conflicts in **, and promotes the storyline to develop in the direction of tension and twists. When Song Jiang and Li Kui first met Zheng Ji, they played a key role in promoting the development of the storyline. When Li Kui knew that the black dwarf in front of him was the well-known Song Jiang, he first turned over and bowed, then drank with each other, and said, "Don't bother Xiao Zhan to eat, change to a big bowl to sift!"

It shows Li Kui's bold personality of being addicted to alcohol. Subsequently, Song Jiang asked Li Kui why he had just quarreled with the shopkeeper downstairs, and generously gave Li Kui ten taels of silver. Li Kui was deeply moved, so he temporarily stopped drinking, wanting to go to the casino to win money to repay Song Jiang for his kindness.

However, due to bad luck, Li Kui not only did not win, but even lost all the ten taels of silver given by Song Jiang to the gambler Zhang Xiaoyi. Therefore, Li Kui, who has always been upright, snatched back the ten taels of silver that Song Jiang had given him this time, and also snatched the ten taels of silver from other gamblers who blocked the field. Li Kui's unusual behavior this time was related to his eagerness to repay Song Jiang at that time, and it was also related to the role of wine.

It was precisely because he had drunk wine with Song Jiang and Dai Zong before that he behaved differently from the past.

Therefore, if the description of wine in "Water Margin" is removed, the characters of the whole work will be overshadowed, and the storyline in the book will tend to be flat.