Was it Edison or Currie who used tungsten filament as filament?

Inventors: Joseph Swan (England), Edison (USA), Milan (USA) Invented: 1878 On December 18, 1913, 1878, British scientist Joseph Swan demonstrated an electric lamp in which a very thin carbon filament was placed in a vacuum tube at a meeting of the Newcastle-on-Tyne Chemical Society.

On October 21, 1879, Edison made the world's first electric light with practical value. In 1913, Milaner invented the inflatable tungsten light bulb with high power, long life and high efficiency.

In other words, the first person to use tungsten filament on the light bulb was not Edison, who invented the carbon filament light bulb.

Pay attention to the last paragraph.

In 1854, Henri Goebbels used a charred bamboo wire and placed it under a vacuum glass bottle to emit light. His invention today appears to be the first incandescent lamp with practical utility. The bulb he was experimenting with had lasted for 400 hours, but he did not immediately apply for a design patent.

In 1850, the Englishman Joseph Wilson Swan began to study electric light. In 1878, he obtained a patent in England for a light bulb powered by carbon filament under vacuum, and began to establish a company in England to install electric light in every home.

In 1874, two electrical technicians in Canada applied for a patent for an electric lamp. They are filled with helium under a glass bubble and glow with an electrified carbon rod. However, they did not have the financial resources to continue developing the invention, so they sold the patent to Edison in 1875.

After Edison bought the patent, he tried to improve the filament used. In 1879 he switched to carbon filament to make light bulbs, which lasted for 13 hours. By 1880, he had built a carbonized bamboo silk bulb that had managed to last 1,200 hours in the laboratory.

But in England, Swan sued Edison for patent infringement and won. Edison's electric light company in England was forced to let Swan join as a partner. But then Swan sold his rights and patents to Edison.

In the United States, Edison's patents were also challenged. The U.S. Patent Office had ruled that his invention was invalid because of its prior convictions. Finally, after years of lawsuits, Edison obtained the patent rights for carbon filament incandescent lamps.

Edison's biggest discovery was the use of tungsten instead of carbon as a filament. Later, in 1906, General Electric invented a method for manufacturing tungsten filament for electric lamps. Eventually, the method of inexpensive manufacturing of tungsten filament was solved, and tungsten filament light bulbs are used to this day.

Edison. After about 1,600 experiments with the invention of the carbon filament light bulb, Japanese bamboo was finally chosen. In 1878, Thomas Edison invented the carbon filament light bulb.

But this type of bulb has serious drawbacks, mainly because it has a short lifespan. Nearly 20 years later (1897), carbon filaments were replaced by osmium and tantalum wires, but due to the low melting points of OS and Ta, the operating temperature and light efficiency were low. The inventor of the electric lamp is believed to be Edison, which is actually the same as the crowd, because the carbon filament lamp and the metal wire lamp are actually two completely different products in terms of technology.

In 1907, a tungsten alloy with low nickel content.

It was prepared by mechanical processing methods, but severe brittleness hindered its application. Until 1909, the American General Electric Company.

The Kulich (w d Coolidge) by powder metallurgy.

The tungsten blank is prepared by law, and then the tungsten wire with ductility at room temperature is produced by mechanical processing, which lays the foundation of the tungsten wire processing industry and powder metallurgy. However, this "ductile" tungsten filament exhibits significant brittleness when the bulb is ignited. In 1913, Pintsch invented thorium tungsten filament (Tho2 content is 1% 2%), thus making incandescent lamps.

The brittleness of the filament is greatly reduced. At first, the sagging of the filament (see anti-sagging properties of tungsten filament) was not a problem, because the filament was a straight filament at this time, but after 1913, Langmuir changed the straight filament to a spiral filament, so that when the bulb was used, the high working temperature and self-weight caused the filament to sag, so that both pure tungsten and thorium tungsten could not meet the requirements of use.

In order to solve the problems of tungsten wire sagging and short life, in 1917, Perth.

A pacz) invented the tungsten filament that "does not deform" at high temperatures. At first, he used refractory crucibles in the preparation of pure tungsten.

Roasting WO3, it was accidentally found that a tungsten wire helix made of tungsten powder obtained by reducing this WO3 was recrystallized.

After the anomaly mysteriously no longer sags. Subsequently, after 218 repeated experiments, he finally discovered the silicate of adding potassium and sodium to tungstic acid (WO3·H2O).

The tungsten wire prepared by reduction, compression, sintering, processing, etc., after recrystallization, forms a fairly coarse grain structure, which is neither soft nor anti-sagging, which is the earliest non-sagging tungsten wire. Perth's discovery laid the foundation for the production of non-sagging tungsten wire, and until now the United States still calls non-sagging tungsten wire "218 tungsten wire" to commemorate this major discovery of Perth.

However, the brittleness of the earliest non-sagging tungsten filament is more serious than that of thorium tungsten filament, so that some bulb factories insist on using thorium tungsten filament as filament. However, with the continuous development and improvement of the production process of non-sagging tungsten filament, people gradually realize that adding compounds of K, Si and Al to tungsten oxide at the same time can make tungsten filament have good anti-sagging performance at high temperature, and at the same time, it has satisfactory ductility at room temperature after recrystallization.

Because Edison went through countless failed experiments, he found that tungsten filament is the most suitable for electric lamps, with strong oxidation resistance and the most economical, so he finally decided on tungsten filament.

Because tungsten filament is cheap, and can withstand the passage of current well, and the luminosity is better than other materials, Edison finally chose tungsten filament.

Edison's final choice was bamboo charcoal, not tungsten. Because this matter also conflicts with the inventor of the tungsten light bulb. Because Edison discovered direct current (it is doubtful whether he found it), his light bulb was also a direct current bulb, and it was troublesome to make it with alternating current, which had a short lifespan.

Because after many experiments, Edison found that tungsten filament is the best material, it is more durable, and there will be no problems, so he finally chose this material.

This is because the density of this material is relatively large, and the light emitted is also very suitable, and the material is also very cheap.

No. The first one used carbon wire, and later changed to bamboo wire, which was invented and used by later generations.

After numerous failures, Edison finally made a breakthrough in the study of electric light, and on October 22, 1879, Edison lit the first electric light that was truly of wide practical value. In order to prolong the life of the filament, he re-experimented and tried more than 6,000 fiber materials before finding a new luminaire - Japanese bamboo silk, which can last for more than 1,000 hours and achieve the purpose of durability. In a way, this invention was the culmination of Edison's lifetime.

No. The first light bulb invented by Edison was made of bamboo wire, and in 1906 Edison found that tungsten filament was more suitable than bamboo filament for light bulbs. Tungsten was used, and it is still used today.

No, it seems to be made of bamboo carbon filament

In 1879, Edison built on the research and practice of his predecessors to build the world's first practical carbon filament incandescent lamp. Edison used an improved carbonization method to sprinkle a piece of cotton thread with charcoal powder, bend it into a horseshoe shape, put it into a clay crucible and heat it at high temperature to make a filament, and then seal the filament into a glass bubble and carefully extract the air inside. On October 21 of that year, the bulb began to light and continued to glow for 45 hours!

Edison made a great contribution to the creation of incandescent lamps.

From immaturity to maturity.

The brilliance of incandescent lamps is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and a large number of inventors have devoted themselves to the improvement of incandescent lamps. In fact, before the birth of carbon filament incandescent lamp, people tried to make filaments from various refractory metals, and after the advent of incandescent lamps, people spared no effort to find the filament in the ideal state. Finally, in the ninth year of the 20th century, the American Korridge found a filament material with excellent performance——— tungsten.

Tungsten has a number of distinctive characteristics, it has a higher melting point than any other metallic element, and it evaporates less when heated, making it a perfect fit for use as a filament material. The use of tungsten filament as a filament to make incandescent lamps was a milestone in the history of lighting technology. The introduction of tungsten filament made the incandescent lamp achieve a decisive victory in the competition with kerosene lamps, gas lamps and gasoline lamps; The application of tungsten filament has effectively promoted the development of the electric lighting industry and opened up a new era of electric lighting technology.

The improvement of incandescent lamps did not rest on its laurels. In 1913, Ranmere filled the glass shell with nitrogen for the first time, which was another important innovation in the incandescent lamp, following the change of filament from carbon to tungsten. When nitrogen is filled into the glass shell, a thin and stable protective layer of gas is formed around the filament, which enables the filament to work at higher temperatures, effectively inhibits the evaporation of tungsten filament, and overcomes the performance defects of tungsten filament in the process of use (until today, inflation is still an important process in the bulb making process).

Later, in order to improve the luminous efficiency of incandescent lamps and extend the service life of the bulbs, people once again put a lot of effort into the composition and structure of the filament. The inventors introduced a new element——— rhenium. The advantage of rhenium is not only high melting point and corrosion resistance, but also good mechanical properties, and the resistivity is much higher than that of tungsten.

After the tungsten wire is plated with rhenium, the strength and resistance are greatly enhanced, and the life can be extended by 5 times! At the same time, filaments began to be made into spirals, which on the one hand could reduce the space occupied and improve the luminous efficiency, while on the other hand, it would continue to reduce the evaporation of tungsten and extend the service life. In 1936, a double helix filament was made, which raised the operating temperature of inflatable incandescent lamps to more than 2500°, and incandescent lamps for photography even reached 3000°:

The first generation of incandescent lamps matured.

Throughout the 20th century and into the 21st century, incandescent lamps have been a beautiful landscape in the family of lighting fixtures. Although in today's life, fluorescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, neon lights and ...... are more excellent than incandescent lampsBut in the home life of ordinary people, ordinary incandescent lamps still play an irreplaceable role.

Carbon silk Edison tested more than 1,600 kinds of heat-resistant luminescent materials one by one, only platinum silk has good sexual energy, but platinum ** is amazingly expensive, and more suitable materials must be found to replace it. In 1879, after several experiments, Edison finally decided to use charcoal filament as a filament. He sprinkled a piece of cotton silk with charcoal powder, bent it into a horseshoe shape, put it in a crucible and heated it, made a filament, put it in a light bulb, and then used an extractor to remove the air in the bulb, and the electric light was turned on, and it could be used continuously for 45 hours.

In this way, the world's first incandescent lamps of carbon filament came out.

After inventing carbon wire as a filament, he successively tested more than 6,000 kinds of plant fibers, and finally selected bamboo wire, which was scorched through a high-temperature closed furnace and then processed to obtain carbonized bamboo wire, which was installed in the bulb, and once again improved the vacuum degree of the bulb, and the electric lamp could be lit continuously for 1,200 hours.

Tungsten bulb, an incandescent lamp made of tungsten filament. Tungsten filament bulbs produce a continuous spectrum for the 400 780 nm visible spectral region. As a visible light source in a spectrophotometer. Its spectral active region can be extended to 3 m, so it is also used as a light source in the near-infrared region.

The tungsten light bulb was invented by Edison.

Answer: The filament of incandescent lamp should be resistant to high temperature and not easy to melt, so the melting point of the filament is required to be high