Briefly describe the evolutionary history of chordates and what is the evolutionary process of verte

The evolution of human beings can be divided into: Australopithecus, Homo sapiens, Homo erectus, and Homo sapiens.

Australopithecus: Australopithecus lived in Africa between 4 million and 1 million years ago, and is the earliest bipedal hominid found so far, with a height of 130-140cm.

Capable Man: Appeared about 2 million years ago, can make and use tools, and is 140-150cm tall.

Homo erectus: Appeared between 1.8 million and 200,000 years ago, uses fire and more advanced tools, and is 150-160 cm tall.

Homo sapiens: equivalent to the current human, appeared 200,000-10,000 years ago, and was 150-180cm tall.

The generally accepted hypothesis is:

The ancestors of the tentacle filter feeding differentiated into caudal chordates (sea squirts) and a caudal chordate-like ancestor that passed through tadpole larvae in the life cycle, and it was differentiating into cephalic chordates (Wenchang fish) and jawless vertebrate ancestors (armoured fishes), the jawless vertebrate ancestors were differentiating jawless vertebrates (jawless eels, hagfish) and jawed vertebrates, fishes were the lowest jawed species, cartilaginous fishes and bony fishes appeared in the Silurian and Devonian periods, and then gradually differentiated into amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.

There are marine animals with simple structures: fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.

The evolutionary process of animals is composed of invertebrates-vertebrates, invertebrates: primitive unicellular animals - primitive coelenterate animals - primitive flattened animals - primitive nematozoa animals - primitive annelids - primitive mollusc animals - primitive arthropod animals; The evolutionary process of vertebrates is: primitive fishes - primitive amphibians - primitive reptiles - primitive birds and primitive mammals, so the evolutionary process of the five major groups of vertebrates:

Fish evolved from amphibians to reptiles, and reptiles evolved into birds and mammals.

They are arranged in order from lower to highest: primitive fishes – primitive amphibians – primitive reptiles – primitive birds and primitive mammals.

Fish – Amphibians – Reptiles – Birds and mammals.

It can be seen that the evolutionary process of animals is made up of invertebrates, vertebrates, and vertebrates: primitive fishes, primitive amphibians, primitive reptiles, birds and mammals

So the answer is: primitive fishes, primitive amphibians, primitive reptiles, birds and mammals.

The evolution of vertebrates: primitive fishes, primitive habitats, primitive reptiles, primitive birds, primitive mammals. Fish live in water throughout their lives.

Amphibian larvae live in water and breathe with gills, adults sometimes live on land, sometimes in water, and Wang spare lungs to breathe, ** assist; Reptiles, birds, and mammals, most of which live on the ground, are the earliest vertebrates to land in the course of animal evolution.

Vertebrates are generally symmetrical in shape, and the whole body is divided into three parts: head, trunk, and tail, with relatively complete sensory organs, motor organs, and a highly differentiated nervous system. It includes six categories: roundmouths, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.

It can be seen that the evolutionary process of animals is made up of invertebrates, stuffy mountains, vertebrates, and vertebrates: primitive fishes, primitive amphibians, primitive reptiles, birds and mammals

Therefore, the answer is: primitive fishes primitive amphibians land cover includes primitive reptiles, birds and mammals. 1,

1；Lungs allow vertebrates to live away from the water. Amphibian.

2；Amniotic eggs provide a safe, water-less environment for fertilized eggs, allowing the growth of vertebrate larvae out of the water.

Reptiles. 3；Wings make vertebrates fly into the sky. Pterodactyls of reptiles.

4；The uterus allows the vertebrate to grow safely inside the mother's body, avoiding danger when the eggs hatch outside the mother's body. Mammal.

5；Mammary glands allow the mother to provide abundant nutrients to the larvae, while the long-term process of nurturing the larvae also allows the larvae to acquire a wealth of survival skills from the mother and a safe environment for growth. Mammal.

It can be seen that the evolutionary process of vertebrates: primitive fishes, primitive amphibians, primitive reptiles, primitive birds.

Primitive mammals.

Fish live in water all their lives Amphibian larvae live in water and breathe with gills, adults sometimes live on land and sometimes in water, breathe with lungs, **assist; Reptiles, birds, and mammals mostly live on the ground During the evolution of animals, the first vertebrates to land were amphibians

So the answer is: amphibians

The first vertebrates to land were the flesh-finned subclass of fish, such as the Titalik fish.

The general trend of biological evolution is from simple to complex, from low to high, from aquatic to terrestrial, vertebrates and invertebrates are the two major groups of the animal kingdom, and the structure of vertebrates is more complex and higher than that of invertebrates, so it can be judged that vertebrates evolved from invertebrates

Evolution of vertebrates: primitive fishes primitive amphibians primitive reptiles primitive birds, mammals Therefore, the earliest vertebrates to appear were ancient fishes

So the answer is: invertebrates; Ancient fish