Can submarines during World War II only be used for sneak attacks

I suggest that the landlord read the autobiography of Marshal Dönitz, which is published by the People's Liberation Army Publishing House.

The main targets of the submarine were merchant ships. Field Marshal Dönitz's submarine wolf pack tactics were aimed at choking Britain's Atlantic lifeline and striking Britain through restrictions on British supplies. According to Dönitz's intentions, the main targets of submarines were merchant ships, and Hitler alone repeatedly asked submarines to participate in coordinated operations with surface ships, and as a result, he lost a large number of submarines.

The submarine's torpedo was indeed a weak underbelly, and during the German campaign against Norway, it was exposed to serious accidents in which the trajectory of the torpedo after firing did not match the expected one. But removing this technical design error, the sneak attack effect of torpedoes is quite obvious, especially against battleships with slow steering, deep draft and poor maneuverability. It is also effective against all kinds of merchant ships that are fully loaded with cargo and have a deep draft.

Destroyers are submarine killers, and the natural enemies of submarines are not battleships but destroyers. Because the destroyer has good maneuverability, fast steering, shallow draft and easy to equip with anti-submarine equipment, the landlord's statements about the destroyer are wrong.

And Dönitz repeatedly emphasized in his autobiography that the attack of the submarine was never carried out underwater, but should be located on the surface at the time of the attack. Attacking on the surface of the water can be better framing, but it is difficult to judge the location of the target underwater.

The naval guns on the submarine were for air defense. As the war progressed, the threat of the Air Force to submarines was increasing, so the submarines were equipped with anti-aircraft equipment, which, of course, did not have much effect.

Submarines are born for sneak attacks, submarines float to the surface and bombard people with a big grin, that is when the torpedo has not yet been invented, which submarine is discovered, it is basically dead, today's anti-submarine means emerge in an endless stream, the development direction of submarines is how to hide well, how to run fast, in fact, it is now, most submarines still do not have anti-submarine ships to run fast, not to mention anti-submarine warfare aircraft. Therefore, if you hit or miss, you have to travel thousands of miles. Isn't this just a sneak attack?

However, it is not counted to launch missiles to hit long-range targets, and there were no submarine-launched missiles in World War II.

It is recommended that you go to play the hunt submarine 3 to know that the 2 battle submarines not only destroy the supply line, but also sneak attack large fleets and even the blatant wolf pack formation - dozens - hundreds of submarines 1 to drive forward 2 battle U boat highest record Sink the Allied aircraft carrier Break the myth of the invincibility of the aircraft carrier That game is very comprehensive Since the Norwegian Campaign, the torpedo problem has been solved IXD2 44 was previously equipped with deck guns and anti-aircraft guns Due to the poor air record So after 44 years, the IXD2 and XXI classes were not equipped with deck guns and anti-aircraft guns It became a pure underwater war, and 44 years later, because the Allies in the Atlantic invested more, the U-boats faced a severe form, and Germany did not have time to develop new submarines because of the war, so they invested in the most advanced electronic technology, and the U-boats in sonar, radar coverage were far greater than the Allies, and there were also strengthened Nibelon anti-sonar coatings to make themselves more hidden.

In World War II, submarines attacked far more cargo ships than **, and Germany also knocked out 240,000 tons of British supplies in its worst year of World War II.

Deck guns can attack targets on land shores to provide fire suppression for beach grabbing, and submarines have a much smaller displacement than battleships, can be closer to the coast, and have a higher hit rate.

The Germans had designed a sub-submarine consignment with a missile in it in order to attack New York directly.

Japan has successfully designed a submarine carrier capable of carrying three aircraft, which can be ejected and taken off with a catapult, which has been applied to actual combat.

Sonar is not omnipotent, and the distance between theory and practice is the farthest in war.

Nonsense, with such a short range, do you still want to ask him to fight the battleship head-on.

To be precise, the tactics of the submarine are ambushes.

We have always believed that German submarines and tactics were the most powerful in World War II, but we did not know that the Japanese were far behind Japan in torpedo technology. It is no exaggeration to say that the Japanese torpedo was more than 20 years ahead of the world at that time in terms of performance.

Why are Japanese torpedoes so powerful, even the United States is out of reach, everything comes from oxygen, the most common gas (I am not good at chemistry, I can only describe it this way).

In order to make the torpedo have a greater range and more power, it is necessary to carry more fuel and ammunition, which will inevitably increase the size of the torpedo itself, but large fish will bring great difficulties to the catastrophe of the destroyer, affect the flexible use of the ship, but will not give full play to the power of the torpedo, and will only be counterproductive. Therefore, when torpedo technology developed by the beginning of the 20th century, it was recognized by naval technology exhibitors of various countries that the performance of fish had reached its limit.

Torpedoes were first powered by compressed air, and because there was no combustion chamber, they were called "cold-powered torpedoes".

In 1905, the "thermodynamic torpedo" appeared, which relied on a mixture of air and fuel combustion to produce power propulsion. This torpedo was developed on the basis of the combustion chamber invented by the American engineer Levitt in 1904.

And the "thermodynamic torpedo" is divided into "dry thermodynamic torpedo" and "wet thermodynamic torpedo", because the "wet thermodynamic torpedo" has a better speed and longer range than the "dry thermodynamic torpedo", so it has become the main direction of torpedo development in the world. Japan's Type 93 torpedo was developed by means of a "wet thermodynamic torpedo".

At the same time, due to the signing of the Washington Treaty*, Japan's navy size was only 70% that of the U.S. navy. Therefore, the Japanese Navy decided to take the path of winning by quality, which is why the Japanese Navy vigorously developed torpedoes. Because at that time, it seemed that with torpedoes, it was possible to defeat the strong with the weak.

The biggest problem with oxygen torpedoes is that as a fuel and proportion of propulsion power, it is theoretically effective to replace kerosene (86% carbon and 14% hydrogen) with pure oxygen. Oxygen is a strong oxidizing agent in the air, but it makes up only 21% of the air, the other 79% is nitrogen and a small amount of nitrogen dioxide and inert gases, and apparently, only that 21% is the most useful. Therefore, the proportion of air composition is called the focus of research!

During the Second World War, the German Navy committed 1,113 new submarines (minus the 57 submarines that existed before the outbreak of World War II). In addition to those who sank themselves, surrendered after the war, and were seized, the number and reasons for the losses of German submarines were as follows: 264 were sunk by enemy ships, 250 were sunk by enemy aircraft, 37 were sunk by a combination of enemy ships and aircraft, 46 were missing, 43 were blown up by air raids in the harbor, 3 were captured, 35 were sunk by mines, 25 were sunk by accident, and 1 was sunk by the army.

A total of 704 ships.

Submariner losses were: 26,971 submariners died while the submarine was sunk. Together with losses in other battles, about 28000 German submariners died, and thousands more were taken prisoner.

The German Navy during World War II, the losses of submarines and the death of sailors were as follows:

On September 1, 1939, World War II broke out. In just a few months in 1939, the German Navy lost 9 submarines and 204 submariners died.

In 1940, the German Navy lost 24 submarines and 643 submariners died.

In 1941, the German Navy lost 35 submarines and 887 submariners died.

In 1942, the number of submarines in Germany exceeded 300 units. Of these, nearly 200 can be used for combat. The losses of the German Navy in this year were twice as high as in 1941, with the loss of 86 submarines and the death of 3248 submariners.

1943 was a devastating year for the German submarine forces. A total of 240 submarines were lost and 10,065 submariners were killed (in May 1943, the number of German submarines lost was 42 more than in the whole of 1941).

In 1944, the German Navy lost 231 submarines and 7,876 submariners died.

In 1945, although only five months later, the German Navy still lost 124 submarines and 4,048 submariners died.

The classes are separated by commas, and the number of ships built is in parentheses.

Gasoline-powered submarines.

u 1 (1), u 2 (1), u 3 (2), u 5 (4), u 9 (4), u 13 (3), u 16 (1), u 17 (2)

Diesel-powered on-the-ocean torpedo attack submarines.

u 19 (4), u 23 (4), u 27 (4), u 31 (11), u 43 (8), u 51 (6), u 57 (12), u 63 (3), large ms. (4), u 81 (6), u 87 (6), u 93 (22)

Large transport submarines.

u 151 (7), u 139 (3), u 142 (1)

Near-shore attack submarines.

ub i (17), ub ii (30), ub iii (89)

Near-shore minelaying submarines.

uc i (15), uc ii (64), uc iii (16)

Minelaying submarines on the ocean.

ue 1 (10), ue 2 (9)

Most of the submarines listed at that station can be clicked in to see the performance.

For example, the U19 type, a total of 4 ships, numbered U19 - U22

Displacement: 650 tons at the surface, 837 tons under water.

Overall length: meters, pressure shell length.

Maximum width: , pressure shell width.

Draught: Full Height:

Power: 1700 hp on the surface, 1200 hp underwater.

Speed: surface section, underwater section.

Range: 7,600 nautical miles at 8 knots, 80 nautical miles at 5 knots.

Torpedo: 6 rounds. 2 tubes in the bow and 2 tubes in the stern.

Mines: None. Naval gun: 105mm, 300 rounds of ammunition.

Team members: 35 people.

Maximum depth: 50 m (164 ft).

And so on for other models.

During World War II, in addition to the German army and air force in the battlefield achieved good results, in the naval battle, Germany's submarine forces caused great losses to the Allied ships, therefore, Germany's submarine forces were called "ghost troops" by the Allies, however, the Allies were not fools, and various anti-submarine tactics also made Germany's submarines suffer huge losses.

According to post-war military statistics, Germany committed 1,113 submarines during the war, and during the war, a total of 704 submarines were sunk, not counting those that sank themselves, surrendered after the war, and seized by the Allies.

In addition to the loss of a large part of the German submarines, it also lost a large number of crews, according to statistics, more than 20,000 submariners died or were captured.

During the entire World War II, the worst year for German submarine losses was 1943, in 1943 alone, Germany lost about 10,000 submariners and 240 submarines, including a son of German submarine commander Dönitz.