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The action is to elevate any of the accents in the structure. The term loading/direct activity refers to concentrated or distributed forces resulting from the weight of the structure and its due to the contents or pressure twisting, watering or earth. Indirect action or imposed variants are movements or variants, which do not result from the applied load, but cause stress in the structure.
If not the free shortening, the example is the uneven support of continuous rays of concrete settlement and shrinkage. The stress due to the imposed variant does not resist the loading of the application because, they usually self-average. Consider, for example, a concrete prism with reinforcement along its axis.
As concrete drawn, its shortening is strengthened by resistance. As a result, the compressive force develops in steel and equal and opposite tensions develop in concrete. If the concrete is suppressed due to this tension, the tension in the concrete is zero sum in the crack for equilibrium, the steel force must also disappear in the cracked part.
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Thank you for your letter, I'm glad to know you're doing well. Also, thank you those**. Linda looks taller and healthier than before.
It's hot here now, but sometimes it rains. We enjoyed the rain very much. We had a great time here.
Now I attend a bigger school. There are more teachers and students here than at my previous school in the UK, and my teachers and classmates are very friendly to me. Time flies so fast, and I have new experiences every moment.
Learning Chinese is difficult, but with the help of my teachers and classmates, I am improving. The summer vacation is coming, and in Jinan, the summer vacation usually lasts for two months, so I have 60 days to do nothing. I hope you and Linda can come to Jinan to play, and then I will show you around the most famous spring city in China.
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Thank you for your letter. Glad to know you're all right. Thank you very much too**oh!
Linda looks healthier and she's taller than before. It's hot now, but it sometimes rains. We loved the rain and we enjoyed our time here.
I'm now in a bigger school. There are many more teachers and students than I did in England, and my teachers and classmates are very friendly to me.
Time flies, and I'm always having new experiences. For me, learning Chinese is difficult. But I have improved with the help of my teachers and classmates.
This summer vacation is coming, and the summer vacation in Jinan will last for 2 months, so I can have 60 days to spare, and I hope you and Linda will come to Jinan as guests. Then I can introduce you to this famous spring city in China!
This article is quite simple, and even I, a junior high school student, can translate ......)
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