In the history of the Tang Dynasty, in what ways could women in the Tang Dynasty get divorced?

In ancient times, women had a system of reconciliation and divorce, and if they didn't want to leave, they would divorce from their husbands, which was equivalent to a peaceful breakup, that is, divorce.

There are four kinds. They are the separation of the government, the system of righteousness, the system of seven outs, and the system of separation. With the mutual will of the husband and wife and the decision of both parents, a woman can still achieve a peaceful divorce.

They can be granted a divorce by appealing to make a limited ruling.

It is forbidden to marry with the same surname and relatives, it is forbidden to marry the daughter of subordinates, it is forbidden to marry good and low, it is forbidden to marry monks and Taoists, and it is forbidden to intimidate to marry.

The Tang Dynasty (618-907) was a unified Central Plains dynasty in Chinese history after the Sui Dynasty, with a total of 21 emperors and 289 years.

At the end of the Sui Dynasty, the world rose together, and Li Yuan, the Duke of Tang, took advantage of the situation to raise troops in Jinyang, proclaimed himself emperor in 618, established the Tang Dynasty, and set the capital of Chang'an. After ascending the throne, Taizong of the Tang Dynasty created the rule of Zhenguan and laid the foundation for the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Tang Gaozong inherited the legacy of Zhenguan and created the "rule of Yonghui".

In 690, Wu Zetian changed the name of the country to Wu Zhou, and after the Shenlong Revolution in 705, the name of the Tang Dynasty was restored. After Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ascended the throne, he created a prosperous era of Kaiyuan and made the Tang Dynasty reach its heyday. In the last years of Tianbao, the population of the country reached about 80 million.

After the Anshi Rebellion, there was a succession of pickpocketing and selling ideas, and the phenomenon of feudal towns and eunuch dictatorship appeared, and the national strength gradually declined. After the reign of Tang Xianzong Yuan and Zhongxing, Tang Wuzong Hui Chun Hardship Chang Zhongxing and Tang Xuanzong Dazhong, the country was revived. The Huangchao Rebellion, which broke out in 878, undermined the foundation of Tang rule.

In 907, the feudal general Zhu Wen usurped the Tang Dynasty, and the Tang Dynasty fell.

Divorce settlements are also written on paper. Because the social atmosphere was very good in ancient times, divorce was a very simple matter at that time.

For the first time in the Tang Dynasty, women had the right to say no to marriage, and it was also the first time that they had the right to be equal to their husbands before the law, so the divorce rate of women in the Tang Dynasty remained high.

Because the Tang Dynasty was enlightened in law and politics. This has led to some women, especially those who are trapped in marriage. I was able to save myself.

That's because the status of women in the Tang Dynasty was also very high, and they also had a high degree of personal freedom and the right to choose marriage, and at that time, in order to protect women's rights and interests, there was also a saying of reconciliation.

When it comes to the issue of male marriage and female marriage in ancient China, people naturally think of "the order of the parents and the words of the matchmaker". It is true that for a long time in ancient China, the issue of marriage between men and women was determined by the patriarchal system of feudal patriarchs, and it was never left to the decision of men and women themselves, because feudal patriarchs believed that marriage between men and women was a major event for the continuation of the clan, and the personal wishes of men and women must be subordinated to the inheritance of the clan. At that time, the purpose of marriage between men and women was more to continue the blood and sacrifice to ancestors, and the emotional exchange between men and women was only secondary.

Based on the above understanding, feudal parents naturally arranged the marriage of their children with their will, and later simply became the law of marriage between men and women for thousands of years, and all generations had to abide by it. However, in some special historical periods, such rules have also evolved to make the marriage of men and women a little more humane, among them, the Tang Dynasty law allowed some men and women to choose their own marriage. "Tang Law Household Marriage" specifically stipulates:

When the lowly and the young are outside, the elder is engaged, and the lowly and young marry those who have already married, and the marriage is like the law. Those who fail to succeed will be honored by the elders, and those who violate will have a hundred rods. This means that young men and women have formed a marriage relationship without the consent of their parents, and the laws of the Tang Dynasty will recognize it, and only those who have not formed a marriage relationship and do not respect the orders of their parents are against the law and need to be punished.

Such a legal provision was rare in ancient society, and it gave a small green light to the young men and women of that era to choose their own spouses.

In such a powerful and confident era as the Tang Dynasty, it was not uncommon for the nobles and nobles to choose their own marriage. For example, there is such an anecdote about "red threads": it is said that when Guo Yuanzhen, a famous general of the Tang Dynasty, was young, he took a fancy to the daughter of Prime Minister Zhang Jiazhen and wanted to marry her

There are five daughters under the Zhigong family, and they don't know which is ugly, so they can't be rushed, and they need to be tried. Zhang Jiazhen responded to him: "My daughters have their own appearances, but I don't know who is a puppet."

So he ordered each of the five daughters to hold a trace in front of the veil, and ordered Yuan Zhen to serve it, and the winner was his wife. Yuan Zhen pulled a red silk thread and got the third daughter. This is a rhyme about a man's choice of wife.

Let's look at a woman's choice of son-in-law, "Kaiyuan Tianbao's Legacy" contains: "Li Linfu has six women, each with their own appearance, the rain and dew family, and they are not allowed. Li Linfu opened a horizontal window between the walls of the hall, decorated with silk yarn, and often made the six women play under the window.

Whenever a noble child enters the court, Li Linfu chooses the person who is willing to do it even if he is a woman under the window. "This way of choosing a son-in-law is quite enlightened and interesting. According to the "Taiping Guangji" volume 181 "Li Aonu", Jinshi Lu Chu threw Li Ao, Aonu and Lu, see the scroll, and said to Xiao Qingyi:

This man will be the head. "Li Ji heard it," and he said something different, but he ordered Binzuo to go to the post office, and he was selected as his son-in-law. ”

The above examples illustrate that the marriage of an aristocratic man can sometimes be done without "the orders of the parents and the words of the matchmaker"; And with the special permission of patriarchy, women may also choose their own favorite person.