The operating room is divided into several areas according to the functional process

The operating room is strictly divided into three areas: sterile area, clean area, semi-clean area, contaminated area and unclean area.

1. Sterile area and clean area.

Also known as the surgical area or clean area, it is the core area for surgical and intraoperative operations. This area requires a sterile environment, surgical instruments and products need to be sterilized by high temperature and high pressure, and medical staff need to wear surgical gowns, surgical caps, masks, gloves and other sterile equipment.

2. Semi-clean area.

Also known as a buffer zone or preparation zone, it is located between the sterile and contaminated areas. This is where medical staff prepare for surgery, such as washing hands before surgery, preparing surgical instruments and medications, and donning surgical gowns, ensuring the preparation and transition of a sterile surgical environment.

3. Polluted area is a non-clean area.

Also known as the peripheral zone or contaminated zone, it is isolated from the surgical area. This area is the entrance and exit of the operating room, where medical staff and other staff can change personal protective equipment such as surgical gowns and surgical shoes, and clean up before and after preparing for surgery.

The importance of the operating room being strictly divided into three zones:

1. Prevent infection.

The operating room is a high-risk lead deficiency environment, and patients are susceptible to contamination by bacteria and other pathogens when they are operated on in the operating room. By strictly dividing the three zones, the sterile zone can be kept isolated from potential sources of contamination and microorganisms, reducing the incidence of infections in the operating room.

2. Ensure the safety of surgery.

The sterile area is the core area of the operation, the surgical instruments and products need to be sterilized by high temperature and high pressure, and the medical staff need to wear sterile equipment. By strictly isolating the surgical area from other areas, the sterility of the surgical process can be ensured, the risk of surgical complications and infections can be reduced, and the surgical safety of patients can be guaranteed.

3. Improve work efficiency.

Zoning allows work in different areas to be carried out separately and avoids confusion and cross-contamination. Medical staff can carry out preoperative preparation and surgical operations in the area without deficiency bacteria, and prepare and clean up in the area contaminated with poor fronts. This can effectively standardize the workflow and improve the coordination and efficiency of the surgical process.

4. Standardize management and monitoring.

The division of the three zones helps to form a clear work area and scope of responsibility, which is easy to manage and monitor. Healthcare workers can better work together to perform their own duties. At the same time, the maintenance, disinfection and cleaning of each area can be managed and monitored more precisely.

According to the degree of bacterial or sterility of the operation, the operating room can be divided into the following 5 categories:

1) Quasi-operating room: that is, sterile and clean operating room, mainly for cranial, heart, organ transplantation and other surgeries.

2) Quasi-operating room: that is, sterile operating room, mainly for splenectomy surgery, closed fracture open reduction, intraocular surgery, thyroidectomy and other sterile surgeries.

3) Quasi-operating room: the operating room of existing bacteria, which accepts surgery on the stomach, gallbladder, liver, appendix, kidney, lung and other parts.

4) Quasi-operating room: that is, infection operating room, mainly for appendix perforation peritonitis surgery, tuberculous abscess, abscess incision and drainage, etc.

5) Quasi-operating room: that is, special infection operating room, mainly for surgery with infection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, gas gangrene, tetanus bacillus and other infections.

According to different specialties, the operating room can be divided into general surgery, orthopedics, obstetrics and gynecology, brain surgery, cardiothoracic surgery, and urology. Burn department, ENT department and other operating rooms. Since the operation of various specialties often requires special equipment and instruments, the operating room of specialized surgery should be relatively fixed.

There are three divisions of the operating room, which are divided into restricted areas, semi-restricted areas and non-restricted areas.

The operating room is generally divided into three areas: clean area, clean area, and polluted area, patient passage, and staff passage; sterilized articles and disposable sterilized articles equipment channel; Contamination of medical waste and equipment passages.

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A complete operating room consists of the following parts:

Sanitation room: including the place where the shoes are changed, the dressing room, the shower room, the air shower room, etc.;

Operating room: including general operating room, sterile operating room, laminar flow purification operating room, etc.;

Surgical auxiliary room: including toilet, anesthesia room, resuscitation room, debridement room, plaster room, etc.;

Disinfection room: including disinfection room, equipment room, dressing room, etc.;

Experimental diagnosis room: including X-ray, endoscopy, pathology, ultrasound and other examination rooms;