Why is acetylene more soluble in water than methane

The solubility of the substance in water.

size, and its molecule than a water molecule.

The main interaction forces are hydrogen bonds, i.e., in molecules, electropositive atoms are attracted to oxygen atoms in water (i.e., ionized), and electronegative atoms are attracted to hydrogen.

In hydrocarbons, because of its tetrahedron.

The structure of alkanes), planes (alkenes) and straight lines (alkynes), as well as the similarity of electropositivity between carbon and hydrogen atoms, makes the whole molecule almost not attracted to water molecules.

Specifically, alkanes have the strongest structure, and are tetrahedral bodies composed entirely of bonds (single bonds), with extremely large bond energies, and their slightly electropositive hydrogen is almost completely unable to be attracted to oxygen. Therefore, there is no force between the alkane molecule and the water, so it cannot be dissolved in water.

In addition to the bond, the olefin also has a double bond, which is a bond, and the bond energy of the bond is smaller than the bond, which is easier to break. Therefore, the hydrogen atom on the double bond is more likely to be attracted to oxygen out of the control of carbon. So olefins are more soluble in water than alkanes.

In the same way, alkynes are triple bonds, that is, they have 2 bonds, which makes them more easily attracted to oxygen. So it is more soluble in water.

However, the bond energy of the bond is still very large, therefore, the solubility of the hydrocarbon is very low overall.

Statistically: ethane.

The PKA is 51, the PKA of ethylene is 44, acetylene.

Yes is a physical quantity that indicates the degree of ionization of hydrogen ions in a molecule, and the smaller the value, the easier it is to be ionized. It can be converted into such a way that if 1 mole of hydrocarbon is put into water, only about 1 of minus 51 mole of ethane, 1 of minus 44 mole of ethylene, and 1 minus 25 mole of acetylene are dissolved.

Butane is decomposed into ethane and ethylene by heat and does not produce alkynes.

Straight-chain alkanes can be cleaved. There are two types of cleavage mechanisms, one is radical cleavage and the other is carbocation cleavage.

1) Free radical cleavage. It mainly uses light naphtha as raw material, that is, butane, pentane and hexane. It mainly produces ethylene, and also produces propylene and alkanes as by-products. Water vapor is added during lysis to prevent carbon formation and deliver free radicals.

2) Carbocation cracking, generally using heavy oil as raw material, cracking to produce gasoline, and at the same time by-product propylene, will not produce ethylene.

Butane cracking belongs to free radical cracking, after being seized of a hydrogen, a butyl radical is formed, and then an ethylene is broken down, and the remaining ethyl radical is seized, and then a hydrogen is seized to form ethane.

Acetylene is less soluble in water than methane. Because:

Acetylene is slightly soluble in water, acetylene structure.

h-c c-h, the early construction of the simplified formula.

ch ch, the simplest style.

CH molecular formula.

C2H2, acetylene center C atom is hybridized with sp. Electronic.

h c c h, it is a non-polar substance, water is a polar substance, according to the principle of similar miscibility: acetylene is slightly soluble in water, and the nucleus is easily soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, benzene, acetone, etc.

Because methane is a non-polar molecule, its structure is symmetrically hidden, and water is a polar molecule, according to the principle of similarity dissolution, methane is certainly not soluble in water.

Give you a screenshot of the datasheet of the solubility of acetylene in methanol in aqueous solution, I hope it will help you.

It can be found that although it is a "poorly soluble" substance, the "solubility" of methane in water exists, and the "solubility" of the gas in water increases with the increase of ambient pressure.

The reason for the recent talk of "burning tap water" is that the water is taken directly from the depths of the ground, and the high-pressure combustible gas in the formation comes into contact with the groundwater, which greatly increases the content of combustible gas, or "combustible gas dissolved in groundwater", when the groundwater is directly pumped into the water supply pipeline, due to the decrease in pressure, the combustible gas in the water is released due to the decrease in "solubility" and is discharged and ignited with the water supply pipeline. Of course, just a little increase in pressure will not cause a large change in the solubility of insoluble gases in water.

Generally speaking, if the pressure of methane is relatively high, it can indeed increase the solubility in water, which is also the property of ordinary gases.

It cannot be dissolved in water, it can only become its liquid state. This is also known as liquefied natural gas (LNG).

From the density of the mixed gas is a multiple of the density of helium, the average molar mass of the mixed gas is 10g mol, and if 2xmol of methane is decomposed to generate xmol acetylene and 3xmol of hydrogen, then [16(y-2x)+26x+2 3x] y-2x+x+3x=10, the methane decomposition rate is simplified, that is, 2x y=60%.

For example, the addition of acetylene and water occurs in an aqueous solution of 10% sulfuric acid and 5% mercurous sulfate.

Water is first added to the triple bond to form a very unstable adduct called vinyl alcohol (a compound in which a hydroxyl group is directly attached to a double-bonded carbon atom is called an enol). Vinyl alcohol quickly isomerizes to form stable carbonyl compounds.

The addition of alkynes to water follows the Marhalanobis rule, so all adducts that substitute acetylene and water are ketones except acetylene, but the adducts that substitute acetylene and water are methyl ketones, and the aqueous products of binary substituted acetylene are usually a mixture of two ketones.

High-temperature gasification will only react in the presence of a special catalytic medium.

For example, acetylene and water will form acetaldehyde when Hg is used as a catalyst (in fact, it is first added with water to form vinyl alcohol, and vinyl alcohol is unstable and becomes acetaldehyde).

2ch4 = high temperature = 3h2 + c2h2

Let the amount of the substance reacted with methane be n according to the ratio of the measured numbers according to the equation.

The total amount of hydrogen and acetylene is 2n

Hydrogen, acetylene, and methane are all gases at this temperature, and the molar volume at this temperature is v, so the volume of methane is v*n, and the total volume of acetylene and hydrogen is 2v*n, and because it is a closed container, the volume of the gas is proportional to the pressure in the container, and the density is proportional to the pressure.

Density 1 Density 2 = P1 P2 = V*N 2V*N = So choose C

I don't understand, why double? No matter how you react, the thing is still the same pile of things (airtight, can't run), the volume hasn't changed, and the density shouldn't change.

I've probably returned everything I've learned to the teacher, okay, I don't owe anything to him.