Seek the following translation of the Analects, and seek a translation of the Analects

My translation of the Analects.

Learn and be the first.

and dust. October 2004.

First of all, it must be clear that Confucius was a thinker!

Chapter 1: Zi said: "Isn't it pleasant to learn and learn?" Have friends come from afar, are you happy? People don't know, but they are not ashamed, and they are not gentlemen? ”

Hechen Translation: Learning is a gradual accumulation process, and it is also a process of self-cultivation. This not only requires us to continue to learn and broaden our knowledge, but also requires us to reflect on what we have learned from time to time to consolidate and deepen our understanding of it.

Because nothing exists in isolation, it is organically linked with other things. Moreover, the living environment and the realm of thought of the predecessors are different, which means that we cannot understand them all at once. That's why I say that when I am fifty years old, I have the confidence that I can correctly understand the truth of the Book of Changes (Zi said: "Add me a few years, and learn the Book of Changes at fifty, and you can do it without a big deal.")

Don't you feel the joy of deepening your knowledge? Such people will naturally attract like-minded people and friends, regardless of distance and proximity, to come to exchange ideas and learn from each other. Isn't that what we enjoy in learning?

Everyone should understand that friends learn from each other and increase their learning for the sake of ideals. Everyone's thoughts and opinions cannot be the same, and personal knowledge and realm cannot be the same, so there is a gap in the heart, which is not the attitude that should be done in learning, and it deviates from the minimum and gentleman's actions.

Translation of ordinary people (Cai Xiqin, Chinese-English comparison of the Analects):

Isn't it good to practice the knowledge you have learned on time? Isn't it very happy to have friends from afar? Don't complain that others don't understand you, isn't it very a cultivated gentleman's demeanor?

Zhu Xi's annotation: the first sentence. Learn to be effective.

All hearts are good, and there is a precedence of consciousness, and those who are later awakened will follow the actions of the first consciousness, so that they can be clear and good and return to their beginning. Xi, the number of birds flies also. Learn endlessly, like a bird flying a lot.

That is, if you learn and learn it from time to time, you will be familiar with what you have learned, and the center will be happy, and its progress will not be possible. Cheng Zi said, "Xi, re-study." When you think about it, you can be happy in the middle.

He also said: "Scholars, they will do the same." When I am used to it, I am the one who learns, so I am happy.

Xie said: "Those who practice it all the time, do not practice it all the time." Sitting like a corpse, sitting is also habitual; Standing as Qi, standing as Xi also.

Second sentence. Friends, the same kind also. Those who come from afar know those who are near. Cheng Zi said: "Be kind to people, and those who believe in it are important, so Coke." He also said, "Say it in the heart, and the musician is outside." ”

Third sentence. Angry, angry. Gentleman, the name of virtue.

Yin said: "Learn from yourself, know not in others, how to be ashamed." Cheng Zi said:

Although he is happy to reach people, he is not bored without seeing it, he is the so-called gentleman. "Those who are stupid and happy are easy to be happy, and those who are not ignorant and unhappy are difficult, so only those who become virtuous can do it. The reason why Rande has become is that it is said to be right, familiar, and profound.

Cheng Zi said: "Happiness comes from talking, and non-happiness is not enough to speak to a gentleman." ”

1. Confucius said: "Isn't it also a pleasure to learn knowledge and then review it on time?" Isn't it also a joy to have friends from afar?

I am a talented learner, and others do not understand me, but I am not angry myself, and am I not also the possession of a virtuous person? ”

Zi said: "Learn and learn from time to time, don't you also say? There are friends from afar, don't you also say it? People don't know, but they are not ashamed, and they are not gentlemen? ”

2. Confucius said: "Review the old knowledge, and then understand the new knowledge, such a person can be a teacher." ”

Zi said: "Reviewing the old and learning the new can be a teacher." ”

3. Confucius said: "By (Zi Lu)! Teach you what 'knowing' means! To know is to know, not to know is not to know, this is the real knowledge! ”

Zi said: "From, what does the girl know? Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, and knowing is knowing. ”

4. Confucius said: "If you don't know how to think just by reading and studying, you will be confused; If you just think but don't read and study, you won't learn anything. ”

Zi said: "If you learn without thinking, you will be reckless; If you don't learn, you will die. ”

5. Zi said: "See the virtuous and think together, and see the unvirtuous and introspect." ”

Confucius said, "When we see the good in others, we should try to make the same good in ourselves, and when we see the shortcomings of others, we should reflect on whether we have similar shortcomings in ourselves." ”

6. Zigong asked: "Why is Kong Wenzi called 'Wen' by people?" Confucius said: "Confucius Wenzi is smart and studious, and he does not think it is a shame to ask for advice from people who are inferior to himself, so he calls him 'Wen'!" ”

Zigong asked: "Why does Confucius call it 'Wen'?" Zi said: "Sensitive and studious, not ashamed to ask, is to call it 'literature'." ”

7. Confucius said: "What do I have for me to silently remember what I have learned, to learn without feeling satisfied, and to teach others tirelessly?" ”

Zi said: "Knowing it silently, learning without getting tired, teaching people tirelessly, what is there for me!" ”

8. Confucius said: "When three people walk together, there must be someone in the middle who can be my teacher; Choose their strengths to learn, and if you have their weaknesses, you have to change them. ”

Zi said: "If you are a threesome, you must have my teacher; Choose those who are good and follow them, and change those who are not good. ”

Threesome, there must be my teacher.

This sentence, which is almost a household name, comes from the Analects of Confucius. The original text is: "If you are a threesome, you must have my teacher."

Choose those who are good and follow them, and change those who are not good. It means: Three people walking together, and among them there must be my teacher.

I choose the good aspects of him to learn from him, and when I see the bad aspects of him, I correct my own shortcomings against myself.

This sentence shows Confucius's self-cultivation, open-minded and studious spirit. It contains two aspects: on the one hand, it is the spirit of humility and studiousness to choose those who are good and follow them, and learn from the good of others; On the other hand, it is the spirit of self-cultivation to change those who are not good, and to take them as a warning when they see the unkindness of others, and to reflect on themselves.

In this way, no matter whether the people with whom you get along are good or not, you can be a teacher. There is a record in the "Analects" that once the Gongsun Dynasty of the Patriotic Emperor asked Zigong, Confucius's knowledge was learned from **? Zigong said that the sermons preached by the ancient sages remained among the people, and the virtuous people knew its great place, and the unvirtuous people knew its small place; They all have the ways of the ancient sages.

The master does not learn, but how can he always have a teacher? He learns from everyone anytime and anywhere, and anyone can be his teacher, so there is no fixed teacher. There are many records in the Analects, such as Confucius's entry into the Taimiao Temple, "asking everything about everything" ("The Analects of the Eight Hundred"); Zai Yu sleeps during the day, Confucius said:

I began with others, listened to their words and believed in their deeds; Now I am also in the people, listening to their words and watching their deeds. Yu Yu and change is. Zigong said to Confucius that Zigong himself could only "smell one and know two", but Yan Hui could "smell one and know ten".

Confucius said, "Fu Ruye." I am as good as you are.

The Analects of Gongyechang") embodies this spirit. Such a spirit and attitude is worth learning from.

The attitude and spirit of "choosing those who are good and following them, and changing those who are not good" also embodies an important principle of getting along with others. Pay attention to learning the strengths of others at any time, and take the shortcomings of others as a warning at any time, so you will naturally look at the strengths of others, be kind to others, treat others leniently and be strict with yourself. This is not only the best way to cultivate and improve yourself, but also an important condition for promoting harmonious interpersonal relationships.

Although "threesome, there must be my teacher." "It's a household name, but people don't always do it. A common problem that people often make is that they tend to look at their own advantages and the shortcomings of others, and look at their own shortcomings and the advantages of others less; Or just look at your own merits and retreat Say that Na Barium is paradoxical and say that the bed is bad and the bed is bad, and the school is in trouble, and the school is in the middle of the day, and the school is in a bad place, and the school is in a bad place, and the school is in a bad place, and the school is in a bad place.

Therefore, revisit "Threesome, there must be my teacher." Choose those who are good and follow them, and change those who are not good. "It makes sense to take a deep sense of it and work hard to do it.

Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, and knowing is knowing.

The Analects of Politics

Note] Know: This sentence has five "know" words, the first four are the meaning of "know", and the last one is the same as "wisdom", smart.

To know is to know, not to know is not to know, this is the attitude of wisdom.

Comment] Confucius taught his students that they should adhere to an honest attitude in learning, that if they understand, they should understand, and if they don't understand, they should not pretend to understand. This is true of learning, and it is not true of all other aspects!

The old university above or something, it's so strong, it's in stark contrast to the questioner, and I understand the meaning of these things, I can't say something as detailed as you, admire!

Zi said: "If you don't suffer from others, you don't know yourself, and you don't know people when you suffer." ”

From The Analects of Linguistics. I don't know it] I don't know it.

Original text] Zi said: "If you don't know people, you don't know people." ”

Notes: Worry, resentment.

Not knowing: The inversion of "not knowing yourself".

Confucius said, "Don't worry that others don't understand you, but worry that you don't understand others." ”

Reading] Others don't understand me, I'm still me, and I don't have anything to lose to myself. Therefore, "people don't know and are not ashamed", it is not worth worrying, and there is no complaining.

Opposite. "It is difficult to draw the skin and bones of a tiger, and you don't know the face but not the heart. "If I don't know others, I don't know what is right and wrong, and I can't get close to good people and stay away from bad people, which is something to worry about.

Of course, that being said, it's not easy to actually do it. Therefore, the sage not only tells us in the opening chapter of "Xueer": "People do not know and are not ashamed, and they are not gentlemen?

And in the last chapter, he again said earnestly: "If you don't suffer from people, you don't know people." The whole story happens to be the same from beginning to end.

Confucius said: "What regrets do I have for me to silently keep what I have learned, to study diligently and not be satisfied, and to teach others without getting tired?" ”

The "knowledge" here is common with the words "Zhi, Ji, Zhi" in ancient texts, so the phrase "silent knowledge" is to say: to be quiet in learning, not to keep external affairs in mind, not to strive for performance, to silently comprehend in the heart, this is the most important.

never get tired of learning", he himself said that the ambition of learning will never get tired, which is easy to understand when reading in the article, and it seems nothing remarkable at first glance, but deeply understand that Confucius's knowledge is here. Although it is very ordinary, it is necessary to know that the greatest thing in the world is ordinary, and it is difficult to be content with the ordinary, which is also an extension of "people do not know and are not ashamed". With my own experience, I have proved that if you are willing to study something hard, and you are willing to work hard to learn it, you will not be able to continue to work tirelessly for a period of time.

Therefore, it is not a simple thing to be able to learn all your life without getting tired of it. Like writing calligraphy and playing tai chi, I was very interested in it at first, and then continued until I was about to improve.

Wait, the more I look at my own brush words, the more I hate it, I just don't want to see it; I also don't want to fight boxing, thinking that I can't learn well. This is a key point, the beginning of progress, but most people are tired of giving up in this situation. Therefore, I feel that this sentence of Confucius is indeed remarkable.

Another point is the teaching attitude of "teaching people tirelessly". It is also easy to seem, but difficult to do. Mencius said, "To educate the world's talents is a pleasure."

But if "the world is stupid and educated, it will be hard!" "Education can be tiresome sometimes. Especially now, the education of young people has been laid too poorly from a young age, and it is almost necessary to re-lay the foundation.

Therefore, a true educator must have the spirit of a religious person, love his neighbors and the world, and must have the spirit of sacrifice to feed tigers and go into the sea to save people. However, there are many scholars who have learned it, but they regard it as a secret that has not been passed down through the ages, and refuse to teach it to others.

These three sentences of Confucius are easy on the surface, but they are very difficult to do. Later generations of teachers can make these words into aphorisms, and when they are bored, mention these words of Confucius, blush in their stomachs, and immediately correct themselves. Confucius followed these three sentences and then said:

What is it for me? "Translated into the vernacular, that is, I have no knowledge, but I pay attention everywhere, and in the process of studying silently, I forcibly memorize it; Never get tired of learning; Neither is he tired of teaching; But apart from these three points, I don't understand anything, I don't have anything. That's what it means.

However, these three points are all true knowledge, and it is difficult for all of us to do so, so I think this is an extended commentary on the first article of "Learning". 206