How serious is China s air pollution?

In recent years, the pace of China's economic development has shocked the world. However, the ecological environment has also paid a huge price for this. In an exclusive interview with Pan Yue, deputy director of China's State Environmental Protection Administration, the German magazine Der Spiegel said that these issues will soon attract national attention and will create thousands of "environmental refugees".

Pollution is a cause for concern.

China's economy has achieved dazzling achievements at a pace of development, but at the same time, there are also worrying hidden dangers - too many raw materials are consumed in development.

For example, the raw materials needed to create $10,000 worth are seven times more than in Japan, nearly six times as many as in the United States, and perhaps three times more embarrassing than in India. This cannot be the case.

However, this view has not yet formed a climate in the country. Many factors come together: raw materials are scarce, there is not enough land, and the population continues to grow.

At present, China has a population of 1.3 billion, which is twice the number 50 years ago. By 2020, the Chinese population will reach 1.5 billion. Urbanization is accompanied by desertification, and the habitable and usable land is half what it was 50 years ago.

Every year, China continues to strengthen its image as an economic mythical kingdom. However, the miracle will soon come to an end, because the environment cannot keep up with the pace of development. 1 3 percent of China's land has been hit by acid rain, half of the seven major rivers are completely useless, and another 1 4 Chinese have no pure drinking water.

1 3 percent of the urban population has to breathe polluted air. Less than 20% of the waste in the city is disposed of in an environmentally friendly manner. Finally, China accounts for five of the 10 most polluted cities in the world.

70% of China's rivers are polluted to varying degrees; 40 of the rivers are too polluted to be used as drinking water; 300 million rural people lack access to clean drinking water; 400 million urban people breathe polluted air every day; China accounts for 16 of the world's 20 most polluted cities; 1 3 of the 150 species of fish and aquatic products that once lived in the Yellow River have become extinct forever due to pollution and overfishing; According to ** By 2010 (only 3 years old), 550 of China's 600 large countries will be water scarce, and water scarcity will force China to limit daily water use, which will inevitably lead to a decline in industrial and agricultural productivity, as well as a public health emergency.

The air quality status is highly polluted. Healthy people have reduced exercise tolerance, obvious strong symptoms, and early appearance of certain diseases, it is recommended that children, the elderly, and the sick should stay indoors to avoid physical exertion, and the general population should avoid outdoor activities.

In the new ambient air quality standard, pollutant concentration limits are converted into air quality sub-indices of up to 500. In other words, once the average daily concentration exceeds 500 microgram cubic meters, the AQI immediately reaches 500.

Improvements. 1. Establish an air quality monitoring mechanism and implement national environmental protection policies.

2. Strengthen the development of industrial energy models and continue to replace fossil energy.

3. Develop pollution-free new energy sources such as solar energy and expand human energy sources.

4. Introduce laws and regulations to strictly restrict the discharge of firecrackers during festivals and reduce the emission of harmful gases.

5. Provide collective heating to reduce heating costs.

6. Plant trees frequently, open more canals, and reduce sewage discharge.

7. Use air purifiers to prevent and control indoor air pollution.

8. Take buses and subways as much as possible when traveling, and reduce the use of private cars; Installing an exhaust gas processor or using fuel lubricants reduces vehicle exhaust emissions.

9. For factories with high pollution and energy consumption, we will carry out comprehensive transformation, and carry out harmless treatment of waste gas and waste water to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction.

The above content refers to Encyclopedia - Air Quality.

In our country, the average household has a value between 35 and 75.

According to the indicators given by the national air health standards, if the value is less than 35, it can mean that the air quality is very good, and there is no harm to the human body, but if the value is between 35 and 75, it means that the air quality is good and suitable for people's life, but in many seriously polluted areas, there will be more than 75 or even higher, which indicates that the environment has been seriously polluted.

Developed countries have stopped developing polluting enterprises, and some of them have shut down. These companies have moved to China and other developing countries, or China is the world's factory. That's the main reason.

China is the world's factory, and the implementation of motor vehicle emission standards is not strict, the enforcement of pollutant emission laws is not strict, the greening is insufficient, and the awareness of environmental protection is not strong.

Our country's industry and developed countries can not be compared, they have already gone through our stage, so they put the products that their country is not allowed to produce in our developing countries to produce, in fact, those are more polluting industries, so our current environmental pollution is more serious, of course, at present, these industries are only our developing countries are willing to develop the economy at the expense of the environment, to the development of our country to a certain extent, We will also transfer pollution to other countries that need to develop their economies... Hehe.

First, from the concept of environmental protection, the concept of green environmental protection has not yet penetrated into the whole society, including you and me, there are a few people who are willing to take a few more steps and drive less than a day to reduce pollution.

Second, from the development model, China is still adopting an extensive model of high pollution, high emissions and high consumption, and how many people are willing to choose a slower green GDP in order to reduce pollution.

Third, in terms of industrial structure, China's current secondary industry, especially the proportion, is still on the heavy side, and the direct result is the continuous increase in pollution emissions.

Fourth, in terms of geography and climatic environment, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Xi'an and other regions where serious haze pollution occurs in winter are surrounded by mountains, which is very unfavorable to the spread of air pollution.

In the final analysis, high-intensity resource and energy consumption produces high-intensity pollutant emissions, which exceed the ability to restore the natural environment and are the root cause of current environmental pollution.

There are many cars, many enterprises, and more pollution.

Vitiligo also has a lot to do with environmental pollution, as well as water, air, vegetables, food and other pollution, which can also cause vitiligo from life. Therefore, it is necessary to minimize contact with harmful substances, pay attention to physical exercise, improve immunity, and have good living habits and mentality.

Every country will go through such a stage, industrial development, economic development, at the beginning there is no technology and no resources, can only be exchanged for development through pollution, and after such a stage, the economy and technology have the ability to start to clean up the environment, probably that's it.

Poor public awareness, unreasonable industrial structure, leaders want political performance, and the country wants GDP regardless of the environment, regardless of the ecological bearing capacity, which directly forms the current environmental dilemma.

However, the construction of our economic system and economic development have to go through this process, but we have not planned it well, and we have not made sustainable development a strategic goal.

Developed countries have shifted some heavily polluting and energy-intensive industries to Chinese mainland to obtain resources and lower labor costs, and the economic structure is dominated by manufacturing and processing industries.

The country's leadership and economic management agencies have long been aware of this problem and are already restructuring the economy, emphasizing sustainable development, which will improve in the near future.

At present, major developed countries have experienced such a process, but we need to learn from their lessons, avoid detours, and reduce the cost of economic development.

With China's economic development, China's environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. China's State Environmental Protection Administration said air pollution indicators in Beijing, China's capital, and some other large cities, have also risen significantly due to the surge in motor vehicles.

This week, China's State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA) released its annual annual report on environmental management and comprehensive remediation of key cities for national environmental protection. For the first time, the report clearly lists the 10 cities with the most air pollution. Previously, the SEPA only published an overall assessment of air pollution, without specifying which cities were the most polluted.

This week, China's environmental protection agency named the 10 most polluted cities as Linfen, Yangquan, Datong, Shizuishan, Sanmenxia, Jinchang, Shijiazhuang, Xianyang, Zhuzhou and Luoyang. The top three cities in terms of air pollution, Linfen, Yangquan and Datong, are all in Shanxi Province. Shanxi Province is the largest coal mining province in China.

In energy-strapped China, coal is the most important energy source**.

Environmental protection has been a controversial issue for more than 20 years in China, which advocates a rapidly growing economy. While China says that economic development and environmental protection should go hand in hand, many leaders argue that limited funds should be focused on economic development first, and that environmental protection can be subordinated to economic development. Therefore, in the past 20 years, China's economic growth has developed in tandem with environmental pollution, which in many places has even developed ahead of its time, making China one of the most polluted countries in the world.

The number of motor vehicles has proliferated and polluted the environment*

China's state-run Xinhua news agency quoted Wang Jirong, deputy director of the State Environmental Protection Administration, as saying that nitrogen dioxide concentrations in the air in Beijing, Harbin, Nanjing, Guangzhou, Xi'an, Yinchuan and other cities had risen significantly due to the surge in the number of motor vehicles. Nitrogen dioxide is one of the main polluting gases emitted by automobiles, and the increase in car ownership is a symbol of China's economic development. This development shows that China's environmental pollution situation will not necessarily improve with economic development.

Nitric oxide pollutants react with oxygen on the ground to form ozone, causing respiratory diseases. At high altitudes, nitrogen oxide pollutants further participate in chemical reactions and fall to the ground in the form of acid rain, causing damage to forests, lakes and fields.

In China, the debate on environmental protection continues, and the debate on whether environmental protection is a question of funding or perception is expected to continue for the foreseeable future.

China's State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA) released this week in its annual report on environmental management and comprehensive remediation of key environmental protection cities, which also lists the best environmental cities for 2003. These cities with the best environmental quality are Haikou, Zhuhai, Zhanjiang, Guilin, and Beihai.

(1) China's environmental pollution is mainly manifested in: water pollution, air pollution aggravation, excessive solid waste discharge, garbage surrounding the city, environmental pollution to the countryside.

2) Environmental damage is mainly manifested in soil erosion, soil desertification, grassland degradation, sharp decline of forest resources, accelerated extinction of biological species, and increasing scarcity of water resources.

The main manifestations of China's environmental problems: (some areas have improved, the environmental situation is still grim, not optimistic).

The total amount of pollutant emissions is still quite large, far higher than the self-purification capacity of the environment;

The task of industrial pollution control is still quite arduous;

In many areas, agricultural water quality and soil pollution are becoming increasingly prominent, and the harmful residues of agricultural products in some places seriously exceed the standard, affecting human health and product exports;

Soil erosion and desertification are still intensifying in some areas.

Natural resources are anything that is derived from the natural environment and can be used by people in various ways. There are two categories: renewable resources and non-renewable resources. Biodiversity is a major feature of the natural world.

The natural environment includes: geological environment, water environment, ecological environment, atmospheric environment, space environment, etc.

The depletion of resources is manifested in the following ways: species reduction, land desertification, water shortage, and energy scarcity.