Introduce the history of corn cultivation in China!

The process of growing cornAs follows:

1. Seedling stage. The period from seed emergence to jointing is the vegetative growth stage of corn rooting, leaf growth, and differentiation of stem nodes. The central task of field management during this period is to ensure that all seedlings are sown, the seedlings are full and evenly grown, promote the growth of the root system, and cultivate strong seedlings.

2. Spike stage. It refers to the flowering of corn from jointing to male ears, also known as the stage of vegetative growth and reproductive growth. This stage not only has the vigorous growth of roots, stems and leaves, but also the rapid differentiation and development of male and female ears, which is the most vigorous growth and development period in the life of maize, and it is also the key period to determine the number of ears, the size of ears and the number of grains per panicle.

Promoting the vigorous and developed root system, thick stems, wide and colorful leaves in the middle, and rapid closure were the central tasks of field management during this period.

3. Flowering stage. From the flowering of the male panicle to the maturity of the grains, it is also called the reproductive growth stage. The grain yield of maize is mainly formed by the light table products at this stage.

It is the central task of this stage to strengthen field management, ensure fertilizer and water, ensure normal flowering, pollination and fruiting, maximize the green leaf area, prolong the filling time, prevent disasters and prevent falling, and strive for more grains, large grains, full grains and high yield.

Nutritional value of corn:

Maize belongs to the Poaceae plant Wushu millet, and the corn kernel is composed of endosperm, embryo, skin, tip, etc., and its content is % %. Corn germ is the endosperm of the seed and has a high nutritional value.

Each 100g contains more than fat, more than protein carbohydrates, more than crude fiber, more than 17mg of calcium, more than iron, more than 21mg of phosphorus, more than niacin and more than riboflavin. Starch is mainly found in the endosperm, which contains a lot of oil and ash.

The vitamin content in corn is very high, 5-10 times that of rice and wheat, and the nutritional value and health care of corn are the highest among all staple foods. The riboflavin and other high nutrients contained in corn are very beneficial to the human body.

1. The earliest corn did not originate in the Caribbean, but in the southern region of Mexico, which is also Central America.

2. Genetic archaeological research tells us that corn ** is an annual weed called teosinte (zea mays ssp, parviglumis) (from its Latin name it can be seen that it belongs to the same species as corn, but it belongs to different subspecies), sometimes translated in Chinese as Shu millet shoot, was first domesticated in the Balsas River basin in southern Mexico, about 9,000 years ago.

Corn (zeamaysl.).In our country, it is also known as maize, corn, bud rice, cob, cob, cocoon, etc., corn has been widely loved by the people in various regions of the country since the Ming Dynasty was introduced into our country.

Corn is called maize or corn in English, we all know that corn is more of an American name, and the more common English name of maize comes from the Spanish maíz, which is the name of corn for the Taíno people living in the Caribbean islands of Central America, and the Spanish colonists who arrived in the Caribbean islands at the end of the 15th century continued to use the name of corn by the indigenous Taíno people at that time.

However, the first corn did not originate in the Caribbean, but in southern Mexico, which is also Central America.

Genetic archaeological research tells us that corn sail is called teosinte (zeamaysssp, parviglumis) an annual weed (from its Latin name it is the same species as corn, but it belongs to a different subspecies), sometimes translated in Chinese as Shu millet, first domesticated in the Balsas River basin in southern Mexico, about 9,000 years ago.

In the 80s of the last century, some scholars confirmed that the parviglumis subsp. parvighumis (also translated as the subsp. spp.) has almost the same isoenzyme as modern corn, and this weed is the only subspecies that is genetically similar enough to all modern maize.

Through the double confirmation of isoenzymes and genetic similarities closely related to plant genetic variation, this millet successfully defeated other competitors, and the adult wild is almost the only origin of maize.

In terms of origin time, according to the periodic law of gene mutations, scholars' research shows that the earliest domestication of corn can be stuck between 5689 and 13093 years ago, and if we take an intermediate point, the time is around 9000 years ago. Most.

Early maize remains were found in the Guilanaquitz cave in the Oaxaca Valley of Mexico 6,230 years ago, and if genetic archaeologists speculate that the domestication time from completely wild teosinte to cultivated maize was about 3,000 years ago, we can also speculate that the beginning of maize domestication is about 9,000 years ago.

Regarding the origin of maize, the current three research methods have given their own understanding and contributions: genetic archaeological research has pointed out the time, place and ancestral origin of the origin without a long beak, but it has left a lot of gaps that need to be filled in by botanical archaeological materials.

The materials of large plant remains are credible, vivid and informative, but there is a significant gap between the origin time and the so-called genetic estimation time. The timely occurrence of microplant remains at the critical time and key area of maize origin seems to perfectly explain the divergence in the results of the first two research methods, but it has been controversial due to the flaws of its own dating and archaeological background.

Corn is native to South America.

7,000 years ago, the Indians of the Americas began to grow corn.

Because corn was suitable for dryland cultivation, Western European colonists brought corn seeds back to Europe after invading the Peizheng tribe in the Americas, where they were widely cultivated in Asia and Europe.

Around the middle of the 16th century, corn was introduced to China, and in the 18th century to India.

So far, maize has been planted on all continents of the world, with North and Central America having the largest area of maize.

Rice originated in Mexico or Central America, where it was discovered by Christopher Columbus in Cuba in 1492 and cultivated throughout North and South America.

After bringing corn back to Spain in 1494, it gradually spread to all parts of the world.

By the end of the Ming Dynasty, the cultivation of corn has reached more than ten provinces, such as Jilin, Zhejiang, Fujian, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Anhui and other places.

Corn was introduced to China during the Ming Dynasty.

Native to Central America and South America, during the Ming Dynasty, China's historical documents only have a record of corn known as "maize quinoa", corn first came to China in Guangxi in 1531, and this year was less than 40 years from Columbus's discovery of America. Therefore, many experts and scholars speculate that corn was only transmitted to countries around the world through Columbus, including China. And in less than two hundred years, corn has been widely cultivated in more than 20 provinces of our country.

When planting corn, it is necessary to sow in spring or autumn every year, you can choose varieties with higher yield and strong lodging resistance, and then sow the corn seeds in the sandy loam soil that is convenient for drainage and irrigation, and then spray it with herbicide once to avoid weeds and corn from robbing nutrients, so that corn grows vigorously.

1. Sowing time

The best time to sow corn is in February and March in spring every year, or July and August in autumn, because the temperature and humidity at this time are more suitable, which is conducive to corn germination and growth.

2. Variety selection

If you want to increase the yield of corn, you should choose varieties with strong lodging resistance and disease resistance, you can choose Decca 007, Nanxiao 968, Huazhen, Yumeitou 601, Yumeitou 802, etc., and put the selected corn seeds into the salt water, and then remove the damaged or hollow seeds that float on the water.

3. Soil conditions

Corn is suitable for growing in the soil with good drainage and air permeability, when breeding corn, it is necessary to plough 35 cm of soil, remove weeds or gravel in the soil, which is conducive to the growth of corn roots, and apply nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer to the soil as base fertilizer, so that corn grows vigorously.

4. Sowing method

When sowing and propagating corn, you need to sow the seeds of the plant on the surface of the soil, and then cover it with a thin layer of soil, wait for 1-2 days, spray the soil with a herbicide, so that the weed seeds in the soil die, and at the corn seedling stage, it is necessary to apply the well-rotted organic fertilizer to speed up the growth rate of the corn.