What is the difference between ketone and carbonyl, and what is the difference between carbonyl and

Carbonyl and ketone groups are actually the same functional group, but they are in the unique name of chemistry and life science, called carbonyl in chemistry, and the focus of carbonyl in biology is ketone compounds, so it is called ketone group in life science, and the two can actually be equated (its structure is shown in the figure).

The ketone group is a carbon atom that forms a double bond with an oxygen atom, and this carbon atom also forms a covalent bond structure with two other carbon atoms. Ketone groups are groups that can strongly absorb light waves of about 300nm, and polymers containing ketone groups are prone to absorb ultraviolet rays and cause photodegradation.

It has strong infrared absorption.

Due to the strong electron-withdrawing properties of oxygen, nucleophilic addition reactions are susceptible to occur on carbon atoms. Other common chemical reactions include: nucleophilic reduction, aldol condensation.

Features are different:Carbonyl.

A group consisting of a carbon-split atom of a sp2 or sp hybridized (see hybrid orbital) combined with an oxygen atom by a double bond (see chemical bond). Ketones.

It is a carbon atom that forms a double bond with an oxygen atom, and this carbon atom also forms a covalent bond with two other carbon atoms.

Structural formula. An acyl group is a hydrocarbon group that has been attached to one end, leaving only the atom cluster at the other end.

The carbonyl group is the carbon-oxygen double bond, regardless of what the other two functional groups of carbon are connected. The ketone group is also a carbon-oxygen double bond, but the carbon has to be attached to two more carbons. The carbonyl group is an organic functional group (-c=o-) formed by the double bond of two atoms, carbon and oxygen.

The nature of the functional group.

Alcohol, phenol. The molecules of carboxylic acids contain hydroxyl groups, so they can react with sodium to release hydrogen, but there are differences in acidity due to the different groups attached. R-OH is neutral and cannot react with NaOH and Na2CO3; The hydroxyl group directly attached to the benzene ring becomes a phenolic hydroxyl group, and the hydroxyl group that is not directly attached to the benzene ring becomes an alcohol hydroxyl group.

C6H5-OH is very weakly acidic, weaker than carbonic acidic acid, but stronger than HCO3- (bicarbonate). The indicator cannot be discolored, and it can react with NAOH. Phenol can also be combined with sodium carbonate.

reacts to produce sodium phenol and sodium bicarbonate.

R-COOH is weakly acidic, has the general property of acid, and can react with NaOH and Na2CO3. Obviously, in carboxylic acids, the influence of the carbonyl group in the carboxyl group makes the hydrogen in the hydroxyl code slip easy to ionize.

Contact: Physical properties are characterized by strong infrared absorption.

Differences: First, the composition is different.

1. Keto-based hall slow shed.

The ketone group consists of a carbon atom hybridized by sp2 or sp (see hybrid orbital) and an oxygen atom by a double bond (see chemical bonds).

Groups that are combined.

2. Carbonyl group. A carbonyl group consists of a carbon atom hybridized by sp2 or sp (see hybrid orbital) combined with an oxygen atom by a double bond (see chemical bond).

Second, the decoupling shares are different.

1. Ketone group: The ketone group is a carbon atom and an oxygen atom to form a double bond, and this carbon atom also forms a covalent bond with two other carbon atoms.

Structural formula. 2. Carbonyl group: an organic functional group (c=o) composed of two atoms, carbon and oxygen, connected by double bonds.

Third, the carbon connection is different.

1. Ketone group: The ketone group is also a carbon-oxygen double bond, but the carbon must be connected to two other carbons.

2. Carbonyl group: The carbonyl group is a carbon-oxygen double bond, no matter what the other two functional groups connected by carbon are.

Ketone carbonyl and carbonyl are not the same, as follows:

1. The ketone group is a carbon atom and an oxygen atom to form a double bond, and at the same time, this carbon atom also forms a co-valence bond structure with two other carbon atoms. The ketone group can strongly absorb the light wave group of about 300nm, and the polymer containing the ketone group is easy to absorb ultraviolet rays and cause the degradation of residual light.

2. The carbonyl group is an organic functional group C=O formed by the double bond connection of carbon and oxygen atoms. It is a component of functional groups such as aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid derivatives, etc.

Basic properties of ketones:

The chemical properties are active, and it is easy to have nucleophilic addition reactions with hydrocyanic acid, Gria reagent, hydroxylamine, alcohol, etc.; It can be reduced to alcohol. Polarized by the carbonyl group, ketones with -h can undergo halogenation reactions; Under alkaline conditions, ketones with methyl groups can undergo haloform reactions. It is prepared by the oxidation of secondary alcohols, the acylation of aromatic hydrocarbons, and the reaction of carboxylic acid derivatives with organometallic compounds.

Acetone and cyclohexanone are important chemical raw materials. Functional group carbonyl c = o. General formula of ketone:

rcor'。<>

1.Ketones. The difference and connection with the carbonyl group: generally do not say ketone group, only say ketone carbonyl, because the limb is known as for ketone, the carbonyl group is a hydrocarbon group on both sides, and there is no special group connected to the world.

2.Aldehyde group: carbonyl group + hydrogen atom, so aldehyde = hydrocarbon group + carbonyl group + hydrogen atom.

3.Carboxyl. Carbonyl + hydroxyl group, so carboxylic acid = hydrocarbon group + carbonyl group + hydroxyl group.

4.Ketone = carbonyl group + 2 hydrocarbon groups.

The carbonyl group is an organic functional group (c=o) formed by the double bond of two atoms, carbon and oxygen, and is a component of functional groups such as aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and carboxylic acid derivatives. In organic reactions, the carbonyl group can undergo nucleophilic addition reaction, reduction reaction, etc., and the carbonyl group of aldehydes or ketones can also undergo oxidation reaction. Carbonyl compounds refer to a class of compounds that contain carbonyl groups.

A carbonyl group is a group formed by the combination of a carbon atom hybridized by sp2 or sp (see hybrid orbital) and an oxygen atom by a double bond (see chemical bond) and can be expressed as: the bond length of the double bond of carbonyl c=o is about angstroms.

The electron cloud distribution of the carbonyl group due to the electronegativity of oxygen (greater than the electronegativity of carbon (, c=o bond is biased in favor of oxygen atoms: this characteristic determines the polarity and chemical reactivity of the carbonyl group. Due to the difference in electronegativity between carbon and oxygen atoms, carbonyl compounds are prone to nucleophilic addition reactions with nucleophiles.

The nature of the carbonyl group is very reactive and it is easy to start addition reactions, such as the formation of alcohol with hydrogen.

In carbonyl cluster chemistry, carbonyl ligands have many different bonding modes. Most common carbonyl ligands are terminated ligands, but carbonyl groups are also often linked to 2 or 3 metal atoms to form 2 or 3 bridging ligands. Sometimes both the carbon and oxygen atoms in the carbonyl group are involved in bonding, e.g. 3- is a bridging ligand with a Hapto number of 2 that connects 3 metal atoms.

The formation of feedback bonds by the central atoms of the metal enhances the energy of the M-C bond and activates the -C-O bond.

Carbonyl physical properties: strong infrared absorption.

Carbonyl chemistry: Due to the strong electron-withdrawing properties of oxygen, nucleophilic addition reactions are prone to occur on carbon atoms. Other common chemical reactions include: nucleophilic reduction, aldol condensation.