What is nitrogen and what is nitrogen

The process of converting free nitrogen from the air into synthetic nitrogen is called nitrogen fixation

Artificial and natural nitrogen fixation.

1. Artificial nitrogen fixation.

In industry, H2 and N2 are commonly used to synthesize ammonia under catalyst, high temperature and high pressure.

Recently, two Greek chemists, George Marnellos and Michael Toukides of the University of Aristotle in Thessaloniki, have invented a new method for the synthesis of ammonia (Science, 2Oct 1998, p98). At atmospheric pressure, hydrogen and nitrogen diluted with helium are respectively passed into an electrolytic cell heated to 570 with strontium-cerium-yttrium-perovskite porous ceramics (SCY) as solid electrolytes, and are converted into ammonia by catalysis of porous palladium polycrystalline films covering the inner and outer surfaces of the solid electrolyte, with a conversion rate of 78. Comparison: Nearly a century of Haber ammonia synthesis process typically has a conversion rate of 10 to 15 !

They used ** gas chromatography to detect the gas entering and exiting the electrolytic cell, and estimated the yield of ammonia by the pH change caused by the absorption of ammonia by HCl, confirming that increasing the partial pressure of nitrogen was not effective in improving the conversion rate; Although increasing the current and temperature increases the transfer speed of protons in SCY, the conductivity of SCY is limited by temperature, and the temperature increase accelerates the decomposition of ammonia.

2. Natural nitrogen fixation.

Lightning can convert nitrogen in the air into nitric oxide, and a single lightning can produce 80 1500kg of nitric oxide. It is also a natural nitrogen fixation. Natural nitrogen fixation is far from meeting the needs of agricultural production.

Legumes contain rhizobia, which contain nitrogen enzymes that convert nitrogen in the air into ammonia, which in turn converts nitrogen into nitrogen. The role of nitrogenase can be briefly described as follows:

In addition to the rhizobia of leguminous plants, there are nitrogen-fixing spirofunctions in the roots of pastures and other grasses, and some prokaryotic lower plants, nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, and autogenous nitrogen-fixing bacteria, all contain nitrogenases, which have nitrogen-fixing effects. This category is biological nitrogen fixation that is naturally nitrogen-fixing.

Artificial nitrogen fixationFor a long time, there was an expectation that food crops in farmland would have the same nitrogen fixation capacity as legumes, in order to reduce dependence on chemical fertilizers. Nitrogen fixation among bacteria was first achieved in the 70sAt present, artificial nitrogen fixation is mainly achieved in synthetic ammonia.

All nitrogenous chemical fertilizers are also mainly made from ammonia processing.

People call this method of ammonia synthesis"Haber Bo casts the spell"This is a major achievement of artificial nitrogen fixation technology of world significance. It is the first milestone in chemical production to achieve high temperature, high pressure and catalytic reaction. Ammonia is made from air, coal and water, making it the most economical method of artificial nitrogen fixation, thus ending the history of mankind relying exclusively on natural nitrogen fertilizers.

It is a gas in the air and is generally used to keep food fresh.

Nitrogen, with the chemical formula N, is a colorless and odorless gas. Nitrogen is chemically inactive, and can only react with hydrogen to produce ammonia under high temperature, high pressure and catalyst conditions.

In the case of discharge, it can be combined with oxygen to form nitric oxide.

Even reactive metals such as Ca, Mg, Sr, and Ba can only react with them when heated. This high chemical stability of nitrogen is related to its molecular structure. 2 n atoms combine with triple bonds to form a nitrogen molecule, consisting of 1 bond and 2 bonds.

Because in the chemical reaction.

The first to be attacked is the bond, and in the n molecule the bond has a lower energy level than the bond, making it difficult to open the bond, thus making it difficult for n to participate in chemical reactions.

There are about 4,000 trillion tons of gas in the atmosphere, of which nitrogen accounts for 78%. Nitrogen is slightly soluble in water and alcohol. It is non-flammable and is considered a asphyxiating gas (i.e., breathing pure nitrogen deprives the body of oxygen).

Although nitrogen is considered an inert element, it forms some very active compounds.

It can be used as a diluent and controls the natural rate of combustion and respiration, which is faster at higher oxygen concentrations. Nitrogen is soluble in water and alcohol, but it is basically insoluble in most other liquids. It is essential in life, and its compounds can be used as food or fertilizer.

Nitrogen is used in the manufacture of ammonia and nitric acid.

Nitrogen is basically an inert gas at ambient and moderate temperatures.

As a result, most metals are easy to handle with it. At elevated temperatures, nitrogen can be aggressive to metals and alloys.

Uses of Nitrogen:

1. Nitrogen is the raw material for making nitric acid and chemical fertilizers.

2. Nitrogen can be used as protective gas.

3. Liquid nitrogen can be used as a cryogenic anesthetic.

4. It can be used as an environmental modifier for superconducting materials.

The above content refers to Encyclopedia - Nitrogen.

Nitrogen is one of the main components in the air.

Nitrogen is generally a colorless, odorless gas, accounting for 78% of the total air. If the nitrogen content in the air is high, the partial pressure of the inhaled oxygen will decrease, resulting in hypoxia and suffocation.

Extension: When the concentration of inhaled nitrogen is low, it will cause patients to experience symptoms of fatigue, chest tightness, shortness of breath, excitement, irritability, nervous trance, and in severe cases, coma. When the concentration of inhaled nitrogen is high, the patient can quickly enter a coma, and even stop breathing and heartbeat, resulting in death.

Metallic nitrogen does not exist on the earth's surface in nature, it is present in the earth's core.

In the substance, the arrangement of the molecular structure is equivalent to the metal, just this year our scientists have used artificial methods to use the nitrogen of nature to create this solid substance, it has all the characteristics of metal, including conductive and electromagnetic properties, but all the elements it constitutes are only nitrogen, so it is called metal nitrogen, and it is a high-energy substance, its energy reserves are more than ten times that of TNT, once the industrial production is realized, its application prospects will be very broad.

Metallic nitrogen, with an energy density of more than 10 times that of TNT. On July 9, 2018, according to the "Science and Technology Daily Bank Yumao Daily".

Report, Hefei Institute of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

It was learned that the Institute of Solid State Physics of the Academy.

Scientists from Alexander Goncharov's team have succeeded in synthesizing "metallic nitrogen", a material with an energy density of more than 10 times that of TNT. This study reveals the key issues of the extreme conditions of "metallic nitrogen" synthesis, such as the range of forward burial, the transition mechanism and the photoelectric characteristics.

Metal nitrogen**, it is a new generation of nucleus with metal nitrogen as the substance, and the so-called "metal nitrogen" is a synthetic green color-blocking and high-energy material. Its energy density can reach more than 10 times that of TNT explosives, and it is recognized as the "stepping stone" of the fourth sail draft Hu Daihe.

Metallic nitrogen does not exist on the surface of the earth in nature, according to scientists' research, it is a substance that exists in the core of the earth, and the arrangement of the molecular structure is equivalent to that of metal.

Including conductive and electromagnetic properties, but all the elements it is composed of are only nitrogen, so it is called metal nitrogen, and it is a high-energy substance, its energy reserves are more than ten times that of TNT, once the industrial production is realized, its application prospects will be very broad.

Liquid nitrogen refers to nitrogen in a liquid state. Liquid nitrogen is an inert, colorless, odorless, non-corrosive, non-flammable, extremely low temperature liquid, which causes frostbite due to a large amount of endothermic contact when vaporized. Nitrogen makes up the majority of the atmosphere (volume ratio, weight ratio.

At atmospheric pressure, the boiling point of nitrogen is , and 1 cubic meter of liquid nitrogen can expand to 696 cubic meters of pure gaseous nitrogen (21). If pressurized, liquid nitrogen can be obtained at higher temperatures.

In industry, liquid nitrogen is obtained by air fractionation. After purifying the air, it is liquefied under pressure and cooling, and separated by the different boiling points of each component in the air. There is no problem when the human body is in direct contact with liquid nitrogen, and it will cause frostbite and irreversible after more than 2 seconds.

Nitrogen is a gaseous element with the symbol N (nitrogenium). It is colorless and odorless, cannot be burned, and cannot be combusted, and its chemical properties are very inactive.

1. Basic Interpretation.

1. The element of the air and the body, the symbol N (nitrogenium). It is colorless and odorless, cannot be burned, and cannot be combusted, and its chemical properties are very inactive. Nitrogen accounts for about 4 5 in the air and is one of the important components of plant nutrition.

It is used to make ammonia, nitric acid and nitrogen fertilizers, and is also used to fill light bulbs.

2. Refers to nitrogen.

2. Detailed interpretation.

A common non-metallic element, atomic number 7, and nitrogen in its free state is usually a colorless, odorless, tasteless, insoluble diatomic noble gas that makes up about 78% of air (by volume) – element symbol n.

3. A brief history of discovery.

It was discovered in 1772 by the Swedish pharmacist Scherer and later determined by the French scientist Lavoisier that it was an element.

Proposed in 1787 by Lavoisier and other French scientists, the English name for nitrogen, is"saltpeter composers". Xu Shou, a chemist and enlightener in the late Qing Dynasty, first translated nitrogen into Chinese as "light qi," meaning that it "diluted" oxygen in the air.

The name of the element is in Greek, which originally meant "saltpeter".

Fourth, the content distribution.

The amount of nitrogen in the earth's crust is very small, and the vast majority of nitrogen in nature is in the form of elemental molecular nitrogen in the atmosphere, which accounts for 78% of the volume of air. The most important mineral of nitrogen is nitrate.