Where are the coronary arteries? What are the branches of the coronary arteries

The heart works very efficiently and consumes a lot of energy. Where does the nutrition and energy of the heart itself come from? It is supplied by the coronary arteries. It is precisely because the blood vessels that nourish the heart are worn on the heart like a hat that they are called coronary arteries.

There are two coronary arteries, left and right, which come out of the root of the aorta and then divide into small branches, coiled around the outside of the heart like earthworms, and gradually divide into countless small branches into the heart muscle. Nutrients and oxygen are delivered to the heart through these complex, dense networks of blood vessels. When cardiomyocytes absorb oxygen and nutrients, the bright red arterial blood turns into dark red venous blood, which gradually merges from the small veins into a large coronary artery and flows directly into the right atrium.

Due to the special distribution of coronary arteries, they do not flow through the systemic circulation, and the circulatory pathway is also short, so it is called "coronary circulation".

The coronary circulation in the coronary arteries is short, but the blood flow is large. When the human body is at rest, the blood flow through the coronary circulation accounts for about 1 20 (4% 5%) of the blood output from the heart. For example, if the cardiac output (cardiac output) is 5000ml in 1 minute, the amount of blood flowing through the coronary arteries is about 250ml, which is a large amount, because the weight of the heart is generally only about 260g, and the amount of blood flowing into the coronary arteries in 1 minute is almost equal to the weight of the heart itself.

During exercise or physical exertion, cardiac output can increase by 4 5 times, and even up to 30 L per minute, and the blood flow of coronary arteries can increase by more than 4 5 times, which can exceed 1200 ml per minute, which is more than 5 times the weight of the heart itself.

The blood flow of the coronary artery circulation is only so large that it can ensure the nutritional and metabolic needs of the myocardium. The more the heart works, the more energy it needs, and the more blood flow to the coronary arteries. In fact, if the coronary circulation is normal, the heart itself will not be deprived of nutrients and oxygen, no matter how strenuous the exercise.

Conversely, if the coronary arteries are damaged (such as coronary atherosclerosis), resulting in narrowing of the lumen, myocardial ischemia and hypoxia, it will cause great harm to the heart.

The coronary arteries temporarily stop blood flow when the heart contracts, and the blood flow changes greatly during diastosis. The left and right coronary arteries branch like branches, and their small branches penetrate deep into the myocardium** blood. The coronary arteries of the heart wall enter the myocardium at approximately right angles, and their diameter is small, slightly thicker than that of a matchstick, and they have a nozzle-like function, and these anatomical structures and blood flow mechanics make them susceptible to atherosclerosis.

The coronary circulation has great potential, and there are many branches between the coronary arteries of the heart muscle. Normally, blood flow mainly takes the "main channel", and once one of the larger branches of the coronary artery is blocked, the blood can still pass through the "small river".

Flow to ensure that blood from the heart muscle is blocking the distal end of the blood vessels**, which is called the "collateral circulation" of the coronary arteries.

Recently, there have been too many offline classes on the eleventh, and I am a little too busy, and I have always wanted to talk about coronary heart disease. Thank you to all the friends who have been supporting me, I will carry out the devil update from time to time.

1. Anterior descending artery (LAD): Walk in the anterior interventricular sulcus. From the left trunk.

2. Posterior descending artery (PDA): Runs in the posterior interventricular sulcus. 94% originated from the right coronary artery and 6% from the left circumflex branch.

3. Left Rotation Branch (LCX): Runs in the left coronary sulcus. From the left trunk.

4. Right coronary artery (RCA): Walk in the right coronary sulcus. Autonomic arterial sinus (normal right anterior sinus).

5. Left ventricular anterior branch: distributed in front of the left ventricle. It is usually a small branch, partly from the anterior descending artery and partly from the levotropic branch.

6. Posterior branch of the left ventricle (PLV): distributed behind the left ventricle. It is a branch (or continuation) of the right rotation.

7. Anterior branch of the right ventricle: distributed in front of the right ventricle. Most arise from the right coronary artery, and a small portion arise from the anterior descending artery.

8. Acute edge branch (AM): Walk on the sharp edge of the heart. Originates from the right coronary artery.

9. Blunt margin branch (OM): Runs on the obtuse margin of the heart. Originated from the levobranch.

The coronary arteries are the arteries that supply blood to the heart and are two blood vessels that emanate from the root of the aorta, called the left coronary artery and the right coronary artery, and their branches are as follows:

1. The left coronary artery originates from the left coronary sinus at the root of the aorta and runs left and right, and this section is called the left main. It is then divided into anterior descending and circumflex branches. The anterior descending artery runs in the anterior interventricular sulcus of the heart, which is anterior to the heart.

The circumflex branch runs on the side of the heart. Some people also send out an intermediate branch between the anterior descending and circumflex branches. The anterior descending artery will send out branches during the course of travel, including septal branches and diagonal branches.

The circumflex branches include the obtuse marginal branch and the left atrial branch. In patients with the left dominant type, the circumflex branch also gives rise to the left ventricular posterior branch;

2. The right coronary artery is emitted from the right coronary sinus at the root of the aorta, and runs in the right atrioventricular sulcus, that is, on the right side of the heart, and it will wrap around the diaphragm of the lower part of the heart, and the right coronary artery will send out branches in the process of traveling, including the conus branch, the right atrial branch, the right ventricular branch, the acute edge branch, the left ventricular posterior branch and the posterior descending branch, and supply blood to different positions of the heart through their respective blood vessels and branches.

There are three main branches of the coronary artery, namely the left anterior descending artery, the circumflex branch, and the right coronary artery, and these large coronary branches will send out corresponding smaller branches, as follows:

1. Left anterior descending artery and circumflex branch: There is a left coronary sinus at the root of the aorta, which will send out a left main trunk of a coronary artery, and the left main artery will run for a short time, and then it will be divided into left anterior descending artery and circumflex branch. The left anterior descending artery runs in front of the heart and is the main blood vessel supply** to the left ventricle**, and the left anterior descending artery will send out branch blood vessels such as diagonal and septal branches.

The left circumflex branch runs on the left side of the heart and gives off branching blood vessels such as the blunt marginal branch. In some people with left-dominant type, the left circumflex branch will also give out branches such as the left ventricular posterior branch. Between the left anterior descending and circumflex arteries, some people may have large branching vessels such as the middle ramus;

2. Right coronary artery: The root of the aorta also has the right coronary sinus, which will send out the right coronary artery to run behind the right back of the heart, and the right coronary artery will have branches such as acute marginal branch, sinus nodule branch, atrioventricular nodule branch, posterior descending artery, and left ventricular posterior branch.

The branches of the coronary arteries mentioned above, as well as the subordinate branches, form a network of coronary arteries that supply blood throughout the heart.

1. Anterior descending artery (LAD): Walk in the anterior interventricular sulcus. From the left trunk.

2. Posterior descending artery (PDA): Runs in the posterior interventricular sulcus. 94% originated from the right coronary artery and 6% from the left circumflex branch.

3. Left Rotation Branch (LCX): Runs in the left coronary sulcus. From the left trunk.

4. Right coronary artery (RCA): Walk in the right coronary sulcus. Autonomic arterial sinus (normal right anterior sinus).

5. Left ventricular anterior branch: distributed in front of the left ventricle. It is usually a small branch, partly from the anterior descending artery and partly from the levotropic branch.

6. Posterior branch of the left ventricle (PLV): distributed behind the left ventricle. It is a branch (or continuation) of the right rotation.

7. Anterior branch of the right ventricle: distributed in front of the right ventricle. Most arise from the right coronary artery, and a small portion arise from the anterior descending artery.

8. Acute edge branch (AM): Walk on the sharp edge of the heart. Originates from the right coronary artery.

9. Blunt margin branch (OM): Runs on the obtuse margin of the heart. Originated from the levobranch.

Corona shouts Qiaoshu artery ().

a.It is the blood vessels that widen the nourishment heart.

b.Originates from the beginning of the pulmonary artery.

c.The anterior interventricular ramus comes from the right coronary artery.

d.The left coronary artery gives rise to the posterior interventricular branch of Zheng.

e.Spinal branch nutrition right atrium, right ventricle.

Correct Answer: a