Data of the planets of the solar system composition, mass, energy, temperature .

The mass of the Sun accounts for the total mass of the solar system:.

The solar system is a system of celestial bodies constrained by the Sun's gravitational pull, and its maximum range extends about 1 light-year away. The main members of the solar system are: the Sun (stars), nine planets (including the Earth), countless asteroids, numerous moons (including the Moon), as well as comets, meteoroids, and large amounts of dusty matter and thin gaseous matter.

In the solar system, the mass of the sun accounts for the total mass of the solar system, and the sum of other celestial bodies is less than the sun, and the sun is the central celestial body, and its gravitational control orange erects the entire solar system, making other celestial bodies revolve around the sun, and the nine planets in the solar system (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto) are all orbiting in a near-circular orbit close to the same plane, revolving around the sun in the same direction. Among the nine planets, Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are generally referred to as terrestrial planets, and their common feature is that they are mainly composed of stony and iron, with a smaller radius and mass, but a higher density.

The mass of the Earth is the mass of the Earth is kilograms, and the volume is:

Trillions of cubic kilometers.

The Sun is 1.3 million times the volume and 330,000 times the mass of the Earth, Mercury.

Planetary equatorial radius:

Kilometer. Mass (Earth Mass 1): Wide hectare rent.

Density: grams of cubic centimeters. II Venus:

Radius of the planetary equatorial omen:

6052 km.

Mass (Earth mass 1):

Density: grams of cubic centimeters.

iii Mars.

Mass (Earth mass 1):

Density: grams of cubic centimeters.

Mass (Earth mass 1):

Density: grams of cubic centimeters. ii Saturn.

Mass (Earth mass 1):

Density: grams per cubic centimeter, its equatorial radius is more than 6,000 kilometers greater than that of two maximums, and its mass is like that of the earth (mass of the earth 1).

Density: grams of cubic centimeters.

The composition of stars is almost the same. Hydrogen element H, He, have isotopes present. A secondary star, a sun-like star, will have a small amount of c and n

Hubble observed that the composition of the two burning superstars is mostly H and HE, and when the temperature reaches more than 104 K, that is, the average thermal kinetic energy of the particles reaches more than 1 EV, the hydrogen atoms are fully ionized through thermal collision (the ionization energy of hydrogen is that after the temperature is further increased, the collision of hydrogen nuclei in the plasma gas may cause a nuclear reaction. For high-temperature gases of pure hydrogen, the most effective nuclear reaction series is the so-called p-p chain: the main one is the 2d(p,)3he reaction.

The d content is only about 10-4 of hydrogen, and it burns out quickly. If the initial d content is more than 3HE, then the 3h generated by the reaction may be the main ** of the early 3HE, and the 3HE, which reaches the surface of the star due to convection, may have been preserved until now. The binding energy of light nuclei such as Li, Be, and B is very low like D, and the content is only about 2 10-9K of H, and when the core temperature exceeds 3 106K, it begins to burn, causing (P, ) and (P, ) reactions, and soon becomes 3He and 4He.

When the core temperature reaches 107K and the density reaches about 105kg m3, the hydrogen produced is converted into HE, which is a 41H4He process. This is mostly a P-P and CNO cycle. Containing both 1H and 4HE, the P-P chain reaction occurs, which is composed of the following three branches

p-p1 (only 1h) p-p2 (both 1h, 4he) p-p3 or assume that the weight ratios of 1h and 4he are equal. As the temperature increases, the reaction gradually transitions from P-P1 to P-P3, and when T >, the combustion process of H in the star can transition to a predominantly CNO cycle. When the star is mixed with heavy elements c and n, they can act as a catalyst to turn 1h into 4he, which is the cno cycle, and the cno cycle has two branches

or the total response rate depends on the slowest 14N(P,)15O, 15N's (P,) and (P,) reaction branch ratios of approximately 2500:1. This ratio is almost independent of temperature, so one out of 2500 CNO cycles is CNO-2.

During the P-P chain and CNO cycle, the net effect is H combustion to produce HE: most of the energy released is consumed to heat and glow the star, becoming the main ** of the star.

In fact, the chemical composition of the entire universe is the same, all of which are composed of 92 elements, and the early universe had only one element, hydrogen, as the universe gets older, a part of the hydrogen gathers together and fuses into helium, of course, the bigger the star, the faster it changes, helium will turn into carbon, and carbon will change into oxygen. Once the fusion reaction is too fast, it will cause **, which is a supernova explosion, under the conditions of ultra-high temperature and ultra-high pressure, 92 kinds of elements (including various isotopes and even more than 200 kinds) are created and thrown into space. If there is enough of this material, they are gravitationally attracted together to form planets (spherical shapes over 1,000 km in diameter), and the remaining hydrogen and helium continue to react to form new stars.

Most are hydrogen-helium-based.

Mixed with some other elements, as we age, there will be less and less hydrogen, and more helium and other elements, depending on the age of the star.

Generally speaking, the more "young" the star is, the more hydrogen is produced, and with the production of nuclear fusion at all levels, led by hydrogen atoms, various chemical elements are produced, and the older the star, the more chemical elements are produced, and at the same time the hydrogen content decreases.

The chemical composition of a star is obtained by spectroscopic analysis of the star.

Chemical composition of the sun: 69 elements have been identified in their contents. By mass, hydrogen, helium.

Oxygen, carbon. Nitrogen, neon.

Nickel, silicon. Sulfur, iron.

Magnesium, calcium. Most stars have a similar chemical composition to the Sun. The chemical composition of a few stars is special. For example, in carbon-type stars, there is a particularly high amount of carbon. In S-type stars, zirconium and technetium are particularly abundant.

The formation of the sun is formed by the accumulation of matter in space, the matter may be produced by supernova explosion, the sun uses gravity to gather the hydrogen elements in the accretion disk in the early stage of formation, and the gravitational force and volume gradually increase, when the gravitational force is large to a certain extent, the hydrogen in the inner core will produce a fusion reaction, and at the same time produce a large amount of energy, igniting the hydrogen elements in the periphery, such a reaction continues until it reaches the surface of the sun, and then the energy produced by such fusion has been maintained to the energy emitted by the sun outward.

Until most of the hydrogen elements in the sun are fused into helium, at this time the pressure generated by the gravitational force inside the sun has been unable to ignite the fusion of helium, at this time, due to the lack of energy inside the sun, the outer shell collapses due to gravity, and then a large ** occurs, and because of the energy generated by **, the outer shell material is thrown outward, at this time, the volume of the sun will expand to the asteroid belt to engulf the nearby stars, and then slowly cool, A white dwarf star about the size of the Earth but with most of the mass of the Sun is formed in the center.

The mass of stars like our Sun has not yet reached the point where it can end. It will first turn red and large, and eventually expand in size near the asteroid belt, and then collapse into a white dwarf star inside, and throw out part of the shell material (this scale cannot be called **).