Briefly describe the opposition between Mohists and Confucianism in the pre Qin period

Confucianism represents the slave-owning class, and Mohism represents the common people.

Briefly describe the main ideas of Confucianism, Taoism, and Moism.

View answer analysis [Correct answer] Confucianism: The core of Confucianism is "benevolence", which requires that you should not only care about yourself and your own clan, but treat others fairly; To be a person in daily life is to respect others and treat others as human beings. Confucius also attached great importance to "etiquette", emphasizing that people should respect etiquette with a sincere heart.

Confucius's view of "benevolence" was developed from Mencius to "benevolent", that is, the monarch was required to "control the property of the people", and they all considered the ideal of salvation together with the moral consciousness of those in power. This is the content of Confucianism to "save the evils of the times".

Taoism: Pay attention to transcendence, and the influence of Taoism lies in detachment and art. In terms of outlook on life, Lao Tzu is "pure and self-controlled, humble and self-reliant"; In politics, it advocates "doing nothing and doing nothing".

Lao Tzu pays attention to "Taoism and nature". The purpose of Zhuangzi's philosophy is to focus on the spiritual emancipation of the individual, and the highest expression of this purpose is "leisurely travel", that is, to live in the world without contradictions. It is believed that the way to get rid of and transcend is to "Qi Wu", that is, to avoid looking at external objects with subjective tendencies such as right and wrong, size, good and bad.

Mohist: The core of Mohist thought is "love", "Shangtong", "Shangxian", "thrift", "non-music", etc. "Love" is "love and mutual benefit", that is, love and benefit each other regardless of differences, relatives and distances.

This is mainly a war of annexation against the ruling class, so it is closely related to the idea of "non-offensive and defensible dates". "Shangtong" emphasizes the need to unify the will of society to govern the world, and the premise of "Shangtong" is "Shangxian", requiring "selecting the sage" as the "Son of Heaven". "Saving" means saving money.

"Non-music" is against knocking on the people's interests, "thinking that the big bell rings the drum, the piano and the sound of the sheng state laughs".

Answer analysis] See textbook p.

Knowledge points of this topic: Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period: The original era of cultural concepts,

Representative figure: Mozi. Representative work "Mozi". This school of thought is based on the doctrine of "mutual love and mutual benefit". Love with each other, love without difference; "Mutual benefit", that is, mutualism.

Ethics put forward the concept of "love", advocating that love should not be divided between intimacy, upper and lower, high and low, and rank. Mozi believed that the reason why the world was in chaos was because people did not love each other. Political outlook:

Advocate "Shangxian", "Shangtong" and "non-offensive". advocate the selection of talents, eliminate the concept of class ("officials are impermanent, the people are impermanent"), so that the world is governed; He advocates "non-offensive" and opposes all wars of aggression.

(1) Confucianism, represented by Confucius and Mencius, has representative works such as "Analects" and "Mencius", and "benevolence" is its core proposition;

2) Taoism, represented by Laozi and Zhuangzi, has representative works such as "Tao Te Ching" and "Zhuangzi", advocating "Wu Wei";

3) Mohists, represented by Mozi, whose representative works include "Mozi", which advocates "both love and love" and "non-attack".

Pure hand-hitting).

1. Confucian Confucius discourses on benevolence.

Taoism "Wu Wei", Mohist "Love, Non-Attack", Confucianism "Benevolence, Propriety, and Moderation".

In the era when a hundred schools of thought contended, Mozi, the founder of the Mohist school, and his thoughts.

The representative of Confucianism in the Warring States period was Mencius, who inherited Confucius's idea of benevolence and developed into benevolence and righteousness. There are many legalists, Han Feizi, Li Si. Taoism is Zhuangzi, and Mojia is Mo Zhai.

In the pre-Qin period, Mohists were often compared to Confucianism.

Mohist, one of the hundred schools of thought, was a philosophical school in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty of China, and it was listed as one of the 100 schools of pre-Qin Zhuzi that specialized in the study of "natural science" along with "famous scholars" and "mathematicians".

Mencius, a representative of Confucianism, once said that "the words of the world do not belong to Yang (Yang Zhu, and the representative of Taoism sells Xun jujubes) will return to Mo (Mozi)", which proves the glory of Mohist thought in China. Yang Mo is originally two sides of the coin, so Yang Mo complements each other, but throughout the ages, people have evaluated Yang Mo with Mencius's general way of thinking of "away from Yang Mo", which is unfair.

The Mohist family was born around the Warring States period. The founder is Mo Zhai (dí) (Mozi). The Mohists were a highly disciplined academic society, and their leaders were called "Juzi", and their members were required to implement the Mohist ideas when they went to various countries to serve as officials, and the wealth they earned was also to be offered to the group.

The Mohist school is divided into the early and late periods: the early thought mainly deals with socio-political, ethical and epistemological issues, and focuses on the wars and turmoil of the present world; In the later period, Mohists made important contributions to logic and began to move closer to the field of scientific research.

The main ideas of Mohist ism are: equal love between people (concurrent love), opposition to wars of aggression (non-offensive), advocating thrift and opposing extravagance and waste (thrift), attaching importance to inheriting the cultural wealth of predecessors (Ming ghosts), and mastering the laws of nature (Tianzhi).