How to grow eggplant 5, how to grow eggplant

Eggplant is an annual woody plant that needs a lot of nutrient water root space. The small basin is not well loaded. My father was a vegetable grower. I still know a lot about eggplants.

1. Eggplant is generally planted by the method of raising seedlings first and transplanting later. However, there are not many plantations in the family garden, and it is very troublesome to raise seedlings by yourself, so it is recommended to go directly to the seed market to sell the seedlings and transplant them. There are many varieties of eggplant seedlings in the market, and you can choose the variety you need to buy.

When buying, choose a large plant with a thick stem, and prefer to be more expensive than to buy poor quality seedlings cheaply, so that the transplanted eggplant seedlings are easy to survive.

2. Eggplant is afraid of frost, is a warm plant, relatively resistant to high temperature, in the case of relying on the sky to grow, can only be planted in the local frost-free season. Generally, the seedlings are covered with film in early March, and the transplanting of seedlings begins in early April. However, due to the difference in climate between the north and the south, the planting time varies slightly from place to place, and this depends on the local climate.

Generally, the temperature at the time of transplanting is about 15-20 degrees.

3. If you want to have a high yield of eggplant, the land must not have grown eggplant for 3 years, and you must choose a semi-sandy loam soil with high terrain, no shelter, deep and fertile soil, and permeable up and down to plant eggplant. Because the growth period of eggplant is in the hot and rainy summer, if the land does not rotate, it will be diseased; And it likes light, if the soil is shady, does not drain, the air above and below does not flow, and the cultivated layer is shallow, it is not suitable for its healthy growth.

4. Dig deep and dig the cultivated land to ensure that the depth is the depth of the full hoe. And remove all the weeds and previous stubble residues on the land, and then build a good ditch. According to the proportion of 3,000 kg of high-temperature rotted farmhouse fertilizer per mu, apply it to the dug land, and then mix the soil and farmhouse fertilizer to make the soil and fertilizer even, and rake it flat to be moved.

5. Before transplanting, if you are afraid of the trouble of pulling the grass behind, you can cover a layer of black mulch film to prevent more weeds in the back and no one will pull the grass by hand. However, if you don't plant much in your own vegetable garden, it is recommended not to cover the mulch film, so as not to waste money. When transplanting, the principle of sparse planting should be used.

Generally, ridge cultivation is adopted, and large and small rows are planted. According to the large row spacing of 80 cm, the small row spacing is 60 cm, and the plant spacing is about 48 cm, and each hole is planted with a seedling.

6. After the seedlings survive, the soil should be kept dry and wet, and top dressing for the first time, mainly urea. Fertilization is applied according to the ratio of 15 kg of urea fertilizer per mu to promote the development of rhizomes and rapid seedling growth.

7. Every second top dressing is applied a few days before the eggplant flowering, fertilizing according to the ratio of 15 kg of compound fertilizer per mu, and using a hoe to cultivate the soil and hoe the grass after fertilization.

8. When the eggplant passes through the secondary branching, the first flower or the branches below the inflorescence should be erased, and some old leaves, residual leaves and yellow leaves at the bottom should also be removed, so as to increase the light transmittance between the branches and reduce the occurrence of some parasitic pests.

Eggplant is generally planted by the method of raising seedlings first and transplanting later.

Eggplant is one of the few purple vegetables, eggplant is an annual herbaceous plant, most of the cultivation mode in China is large-scale, regional, market-oriented, and there are also family self-sufficient vegetable garden mode planting.

Eggplant is afraid of frost, is a warm plant, more resistant to high temperatures, in the case of growing by the sky, can only be planted in the local frost-free season, generally in early March to cover the film seedlings, early April began to transplant seedlings, but the climate difference between the north and south, the planting time of each place is slightly different, this should be decided according to the local climate, the temperature of general transplanting is about 15-20 degrees.

Precautions for eggplant planting

Root after transplanting. The situation of rooting after transplanting is mainly caused by too much rain, too much soil moisture, weak root system of transplanted seedlings, not suitable for the growth of new environment, or improper fertilization, burning rhizomes and roots.

Seedlings grow wildly, resulting in only long leaves, no flowering, mainly due to excessive rain, coupled with improper fertilization, so that in the rainy year to apply less fertilizer, the best look at the seedlings fertilization, more leaves can be appropriately removed part of the leaves, reduce the amount of water and fertilizer absorption of the plant itself.

The whole process of eggplant planting is germination, seedling raising, land preparation, transplanting, watering and fattening.

1. Germination. Eggplant is a Solanaceae plant that is suitable for sowing between January and February in the spring. Before sowing, the seeds are soaked in warm water at about 50 degrees for more than 2 hours, and then soaked in gibberellin solution for 20 24 hours for germination.

2. Seedlings. Once the eggplant seeds have budded, they can be sown in loose, airy and well-drained potting soil. After sowing, the first watering should be sufficient, the water needs to be controlled in the later stage, the temperature is stable at about 20 degrees, the seedlings can emerge in about 10 days, and thin fertilizer can be applied appropriately after the seedlings emerge.

3. Land preparation. After the eggplant seedlings have grown steadily, they can be transplanted in the soil with a deep layer, soft soil, breathable and well-drained soil. The land should be weeded in advance, loosened and an appropriate amount of basal fertilizer should be applied to promote the growth of young eggplant plants.

4. Transplanting. When removing the eggplant from the pot, try to retain the soil ball at the root, which can avoid damage to the root system and help the root system adapt to the new soil. Dig a hole in the soil, move the young eggplant plants into the hole, cover the soil and compact.

5. Watering. After moving the young eggplant into the land and planting it, proper watering is required to soak the soil at the root of the eggplant, which is conducive to the eggplant taking root in the soil. In the later stage, it is necessary to control water, do not need to fertilize the eggplant, and avoid sun exposure.

6. Fattening. After 3 to 6 days, the root system of eggplant can adapt to the new soil, which can give the eggplant sufficient light, water and fertilizer, which is conducive to the growth of eggplant. In the early stage of growth, the fertilizer is mainly nitrogen fertilizer, which can promote the growth of branches and leaves, and can make them more green.

Eggplant cultivation method

1. Temperature. Eggplant is a temperature-loving crop, from the beginning of seedling growth, flower bud differentiation to the final fruiting period, the daytime temperature must not be lower than 25 degrees, and the night temperature must not be lower than 15 degrees. In addition, when the temperature drops below 20 degrees Celsius during the fruiting period of some varieties of eggplant, it will cause poor fertilization, and when it is below 17 degrees Celsius, the plant is particularly prone to flower dropping, and when it is below 10 degrees Celsius, the growth is basically stopped, and frost damage occurs below 5 degrees Celsius.

Of course, too high a temperature is not conducive to the normal growth of eggplant, but when the ambient temperature is higher than 35 degrees, the flower organs of the plant will stop developing, and the fruit will grow slowly, and even form stiff fruits, which will affect the final yield.

2. Illumination. In general, eggplant is not very sensitive to light, but there is one point, although eggplant flower bud differentiation does not require a specific light time, long light can make the seedlings grow vigorously and have low flowering nodes. In low light, the growth of seedlings is weak, the fertilization ability is low, and it is easy to cause flower drop. Therefore, in the process of eggplant planting, we still try to make the vegetable seedlings see more light, and it is advisable to see stronger light.

3. Soil. Since eggplants are not drought tolerant, they need to be planted in soils with high water retention. Water has a great impact on the whole growth period of eggplant, and the drought and lack of water at the adult stage will reduce the pollen germination ability, and the special back is easy to cause flower and bud dropping.

In addition, eggplant requires a large amount of fertilizer, and it is most suitable to plant in fertile soil, and basal fertilizer should be applied and used with compound fertilizer to ensure that the proportion of nutrients in the soil is coordinated.