What is the mandatory item of the spine If the author is too long, can I not write it

It will be troublesome for the writer to write a long article without an outline. Of course, it's not that you have to have an outline, it's just that when the author is coding words, he always has to look back at the plot again, and then re-conceive it, sometimes because there is no outline card.

You have to write an outline, and if you don't have an outline, you will deviate from the main idea if you write some points, and it hurts, and you have to think about the original idea again when you go back to find it.

Spine: refers to the part that connects the front and back covers of a book, which is equivalent to the thickness of the book block. In the post-printing processing, in order to make the inner core of the book, the pages are arranged and folded in the correct order, and the flat spine edge is formed after the book is formed.

It is spine, glued or wire-bound, and then covered to form a spine. Mounted magazines have no spines. Books are printed on the spine with the title, issue number, and other information.

Pronunciation: shū jǐ

Quote: Lu Xun's "Wandering Brothers": "Jingfu stretched out his hand to go over the book, but only looked at the writing, and the golden characters on the spine of the book were rubbed and placed on the pillow. ”

Example sentence: The spine of this book is engraved with three words: "Good reading".

synonyms: 书背 [ shū bèi ] Also known as the spine of the book, the part that separates or connects the upper and lower covers opposite the mouth of the book, which is equivalent to the thickness of the book.

Example sentence: When the book cover is removed, there is a completely white book in front of you, only the author's name and the title of the book printed in delicate font are printed on the back of the book.

Antonyms: 书皮 [ shū pí ] The outermost layer of a book made of thick paper, cloth, silk, skin, etc. Thread-bound books can be bookmarked on them; Books and periodicals with new bindings are generally printed on the title of the book, the name of the author, etc.

Example sentence: He found the name of the original owner of the book, Miss Harrismanier, on the book cover.

1.Glue-bound spine bits.

Spine = (number of pages 2) * thickness of paper used in pages 2Hardcover spine bits.

Spine = thickness of the center of the book + (thickness of cardboard * 2).

The spine refers to the thickness of the book, which is calculated as:

a, (p number 2).

Grams of paper = spine.

P number: refers to the total number of pages of the same kind of paper, usually a piece of A4 paper is 2P, and the design company calculates the P number according to 210mmx285mm, that is, the magnanimity of 16 open calculations.

No matter how large the opening of the book, when calculating the spine, the number of p is to calculate the number of pages of the same kind of paper, if there are different papers, then calculate the thickness of other papers, and finally add up the total thickness of the book.

b, (p number 2).

The thickness of the paper used for the inner pages = the spine.

The thickness of the paper used in the inner pages is commonly referred to as 128g, 157g, etc. c. Grams.

x number of pages = spine thickness.

This formula is suitable for low grammages (under 128g).

Gram weight divided by 1800, multiplied by the total number of pages, and then added and you're good to go!!

The number of pages of the book is divided by 100 and multiplied by the parameter.

Parameter 50 g:

60 grams: 70 grams:

Formula for calculating the spine of the professional book of the printing house.

Gram count 100

x number of pages (note that it is the number of pages, not yards) = spine.

Thickness in mm

It refers to the part of the front and back cover of the book, which is equivalent to the thickness of the book block. In order to make the inner core of the book and periodical, the pages are arranged and folded in the correct order to form a flat spine after forming a book. After being broken, glued or wire-bound, and then the cover is added to form the spine.

Tom. John doe. Wang V, et al. **Name. Chinese Journal of Laboratory Science[J], 2014, 2(1): 2-4

The full sequence is: The person who is primarily responsible for the precipitated literature. Precipitated literature title [Document Type Mark].Serial Title: Other Title Information, Year, Volume (Issue): Page Number.

If there are more than three authors, only the first three may be listed; Less than three people, all of them are described.

** How to write the bibliography format.

At the top of the bibliography, the title of the book should be in italics, then the author's name, the date of publication, the region of the publishing house, and the name of the publishing house. Units are set aside with commas. In fact, the tutor will tell you when you write **.

Some of the requirements are different. SampleBibliographyAmerican English Rhetoric (title italics), Bander, Robert G(Author's name), 1971 (published in), New York (published in), Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc

Publisher) and so on.

What does the reference citation format look like?

10(3), 234-245

10: Volume volume

3): Issue issue

234-245: Beginning page number.

There is no no

Educational Theory and Practice (Peking University Chinese Core).

References: The author should be listed in the order of citation in this **, and all the views, data, materials, and results in the reports and other documents should be listed in the order of citation, and the serial number of the references or the name of the author of the citation should be indicated in the text. Each reference is arranged by title, author, and source. The purpose of listing the references is not only to facilitate the reader's access to the original source, but also to facilitate the reference for further research.

It should be noted that all references should be read in detail by the author, and not unread. Bibliography principles: (1) only the most necessary and up-to-date documents are recorded; (2) only publish literature; (3) The number of references should not be too small.

No, if you don't sign a contract, you don't need to.

Where do you write **?

The cover of a book consists of 5 parts: the front cover (cover 1), the back cover (cover 2), the back cover (cover 3), the back cover (cover 4) and the spine.

The cover, also known as the book cover or the cover one, records the title, volume, volume, author, edition, publisher and other information, the cover can enhance the ideological and artistic nature of the book content, can deepen the publicity of the book, and is different from the general painting in design. The cover of the book has subordinate attributes to the content of the book, and at the same time, the type of reader should be considered and understood by the reader;

The inside of the cover, also known as the second cover, refers to the inside of the cover;

In the back cover, it is also called the third cover;

The back cover, also known as the fourth cover or the bottom cover, is the last page of the book, it is connected to the cover, in addition to printing a unified book number and pricing, bar code, it is generally blank, and some will also have content summary, description and author introduction, etc., and even there will be advertisements for some books related to the book, and the publicity effect is better than the cover.

Second, it's good to seal three.

The spine, the back of the book, the junction between the front and back covers of paperback and hardcover. Generally, the title of the book, the name of the author, the name of the publishing unit, etc., are printed, and the back of the book is also said.

The title page, also known as the inner and middle sub-cover. After the second cover or lining, the text printed is similar to the cover, but the content is more detailed. The function of the title page is first to supplement items such as the title, work, publisher, etc., and secondly, to decorate the book to add beauty.

Auxiliary texts are relative to the main text, and play an auxiliary role in the content of the book, such as the executive summary, crown figures, preface, preface, headings, addenda, appendices, notes, references, indexes, postscripts, etc.

Cover (also known as cover.

1. Front cover, cover, written).

The cover is printed with the title of the book, the name of the author, the translator, and the name of the publisher. The right cover plays a role in beautifying the book and protecting the book block.

Seal (also known as seal two).

Refers to the back page of the cover. The cover is usually blank, but it is often used in journals to print a table of contents, or related **.

Back cover (also known as back three).

Refers to the inside page of the back cover. The back cover is usually a blank page, but it is often used in journals to print text other than the main text.

Back cover (also known as cover.

The spine of the book (also known as the spine).

The spine is the spine that connects the front and back covers. The spine of the book is usually printed with the title of the book, the volume number (volume, collection, volume), the name of the author, the translator, and the name of the publisher to make it easy to find.

Book crown. The crown of the book is the part above the cover where the text of the title of the book is printed.

Foot. The footer is the part of the book that prints the name of the publisher under the cover.

The front and back cover of a book are basically to show the content of the book, the characters and, the central idea of the characters, etc., or it may be that in the cover, one of the highlights of the protagonist, the characters are beautified, and the cover is much more wonderful than the back cover.

There are authors. Brief introduction. The publisher also has the price and the barcode. And also***.

Front: publisher, title of the book (some will also indicate 'Collector's Edition', etc.), author, illustration.

Reverse: book title, barcode, **, and some will also be printed with a promotional phrase (good words said by celebrities).

Authors, listing suggestions, publishers, etc.

I, me, me, I ......No, no, no, no, no, no......Knowing knowing knowing knowing ......Dao Dao Dao ......