What does Singapore s lack of freshwater resources have to do with its small size?

Singapore has a small land area, which is used for the development of cities, and it is an island country, with no natural lakes and rivers, and naturally no mainland countries have the advantage of fresh water.

Singapore's current freshwater resources, according to Singaporeans, have four "water pipes", that is, four water pipes, one is transported from Malaysia, this is the most important, remember that Singaporeans say that it can account for six or seven percent. But Singapore-Malaysia relations have been good and bad, and Singaporeans have been worried about the Malaysian side pinching the pipe. In addition, when the two countries agreed on the price of water in 1927, and the agreement was signed for hundreds of years, Malaysia became more and more dissatisfied with this **.

The second is to build their own reservoirs to collect rainwater, which is limited by the land area and cannot be expanded.

The third is new water. To put it bluntly, it is sewage treatment**, and the principle is similar to that of the RO membrane water purifier at home. Since it is an industrial production, and it is a technical work, the problem is that the output is not large.

1 Singapore is surrounded by the sea, and as we all know, the sea water is almost all salt water, and without fresh water, it cannot be directly used by people.

2 Singapore's area is too small, groundwater is easily infiltrated by seawater, and freshwater resources are further reduced.

3Singapore is a small mountain city, and it is not easy to extract water, which further increases the difficulty of obtaining fresh water.

Their main ways of obtaining them are imported from Malaysia, sewage imported from Malaysia for purification, natural precipitation collection and purification, seawater desalination, and domestic sewage purification.

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Problem description: Singapore is a tropical rainforest with high temperatures and rainfall throughout the year.

So why is freshwater resources so scarce?

Analysis: Groundwater resources are insufficient. The annual rainfall is as high as 2,350 mm, but because the land area is only more than 600 square kilometers, the tropical island country of Singapore is still seriously short of water, with a per capita water resource of only 211 cubic meters, ranking second to last in the world.

Half of Singapore's 4 million residents rely on rainwater collected and stored for their daily use, and the other half is a long-term purchase of water from Malaysia under the Singapore-Malaysia water supply agreement. Under such circumstances, the protection and use of water resources naturally became a national priority.

The Straits of Johor between Singapore and Malaysia is home to a number of large reservoirs.

Singapore is a low-lying terrain with an average elevation of 15 metres above sea level and a maximum elevation of only 163 metres. Singapore is located near the equator, the average annual precipitation is more than 2000 mm, the rainfall is extremely abundant, Singaporeans have built more than 10 reservoirs to store rainwater, there is a reservoir group on Singapore Island, from north to south there are Seletar Reservoir Park, Beyash Reservoir, MacRitchie Reservoir. The Beyavo Reservoir is divided into two parts, east and west, with a dam in the middle.

The causes of water scarcity in Singapore can be analysed from both self-scarcity and man-made aspects. Combined with the knowledge learned, natural reasons for the small land area, short rivers, poor storage conditions for freshwater surface water and groundwater, socio-economic reasons, population density, large economic development, and large demand for freshwater.