Biochemistry Review Summary, Biochemistry Focus

Yu Nature, Modern Biochemistry, Wang Jingyan Biochemistry.

Biochemistry is all about matter and metabolism. Substances include sugars, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids themselves, and their functions. Metabolism includes how these substances are broken down and synthesized in cells, as well as the molecular mechanisms behind their metabolism and synthesis, including regulatory mechanisms.

In one sentence, the main points are summarized: the characteristics and functions of each substance, its decomposition and synthesis, and the molecular mechanisms behind these metabolisms and synthesis.

After the dissociation of AMP, ADP, and ATP with different amounts of phosphate groups under the condition of electrophoresis buffer, the order of the negatively charged amounts is: ATP ADP AMP, which move at different speeds in the electric field to obtain separation. In addition, the bases of nucleotides have ultraviolet absorption properties, and the separated electrophoresis acetic acid film is placed under the ultraviolet lamp, and dark red spots can be seen, and the components of the mixed sample after separation are identified with reference to the electrophoresis of the standard sample under the same conditions.

3. Instruments and reagents.

1 Instrument. 1) Electrophoresis apparatus and electrophoresis tank (plate type).

2) Ultraviolet lamp.

3) Hair dryer, medical tweezers.

4) Cellulose acetate film (8 cm 12cm).

5) Microsampler (10 L or 50 L).

2 Reagents. 1) Citric acid buffer (: weigh citric acid, sodium citrate, dissolve in distilled water, dilute to 2000ml.

2) Standard adenylate solution: Prepare pure AMP, ADP, and ATP into a 100mg 10ml solution with distilled water. Among them, AMP needs to be slightly heated to help dissolve. Set aside in the refrigerator.

3) Mix adenylate solution: take 1 part of the above standard solution AMP, ADP and ATP in equal amounts and mix well. Set aside in the refrigerator.

Fourth, the operation steps.

1 Spotting: Put the cellulose acetate film into the citric acid buffer, wait for the membrane to be completely soaked (take it out with tweezers, clamp it between the clean filter paper, gently absorb the excess buffer, carefully identify the matte side of the film, and spot the matte side with a microsampler. The distance between the spot points and the end of the film.

The sample volume is 2 3 l, and it is divided into 2 3 times according to the principle of small number and multiple times.

2 Electrophoresis: Citric acid buffer is injected into the two electrophoresis tanks, and the height of the buffer is about 3 4 of the depth of the electrophoresis tank. (Note:.)

The electrophoresis liquid level in the two tanks is the same). Filter paper with the same width as the membrane is used as a "filter bridge" to connect the cellulose acetate membrane and the polar buffer. Once the filter paper is fully soaked with buffer, attach the matte side of the dispensed film downwards to the "filter bridge" of the tank holder.

The spotting end is placed in the negative direction, the electrophoresis tank cover is covered, the power is turned on, the electrophoresis is carried out under the condition that the voltage drops to 10V cm, the power is turned off after one hour, the cellulose acetate film is taken out, and dried with a hair dryer.

3. Identification: Carefully place the blow-dried film under the ultraviolet lamp with tweezers, mark out the adenylate electrophoresis spots with a pencil, and mark the adenylate code of each spot.

The electrophoretic spectra of the three standard nucleotides and samples were plotted, and the mobility of the standard single nucleotide was used as a standard to identify the components in the sample.

5. Notes.

1. Before electrophoresis, be sure to check the direction of the positive and negative electrodes of the electrode and the film, and make sure that the negative electrode is connected to the spotting end of the film, because the sample is negatively charged, and after the power is turned on, the sample should swim towards the positive electrode on the film; Determine that the matte side of the film is facing down.

2. When spotting, the size of the spotting point should be controlled to be 2 3mm in diameter, and the sample point should not be too large, otherwise the observation results after electrophoresis will not be ideal.

Here are some ideas for you to review the study of biochemistry:

1. Chapter review, no matter which discipline is divided into large chapters and small class hours, generally when all the lessons of a chapter are finished, the entire chapter will be strung together in the system to talk about it again, as a review, we can also do this, because since it is a chapter of knowledge, all the lessons must be connected before, so we can find out what they have in common, and use the contact memory method to string together these fragmented knowledge through the line, which is more convenient for us to remember.

2. Rotate to review, although we learn more than one subject, but some students like a single review, for example, the language is not good, they have been working hard to review the language, and other subjects are not asked, in fact, this is a bad habit, when people do a certain thing repeatedly for a long time, it is inevitable that fatigue will occur, and then burnout, can not achieve the expected effect, so we do not review a single subject when we do review, they should be made to take turns, look at the language to see the annoyance, just change the mathematics, When you are bored, change your English, which can turn the monotonous revision into a fun thing, so as to improve the revision effect.

3. Error correction: It is inevitable to make mistakes in the process of the exam, whether you are careless or just not, you must get used to collecting these mistakes, and each subject has established an independent set of mistakes, when we review before the exam, they are the key review objects, so since you miss once, you may not be wrong for the second time, only in this way will you not lose points again on the same issue.

4. Mind map review: Mind map is a great invention, which can not only systematize and visualize the information in your brain in memory, but also help you analyze problems and plan as a whole. Drawing knowledge with a mind map to organize and memorize it can quickly analyze the context and focus of knowledge, and remember it firmly.

Students who want to make reading more efficient can use the "Elite Special Whole Brain Fast Reading Software" to improve their memory and learning efficiency. Persistence will be rewarded, I wish you success!