What causes a typhoon? What are the causes of typhoons?

The direct exposure of the tropical sea surface to the sun raises the temperature of the sea, and the evaporation of the sea provides sufficient water vapor. The condensation of water vapour during the uplift releases a large amount of latent heat, which promotes the further development of convective motion, causing the pressure at sea level to drop, causing the surrounding warm and moist air to flow in and replenish, and then uplift. This cycle results in a positive feedback, the second type of conditional instability (CISK) mechanism.

On the vast surface of the sea with the right conditions, the area of influence of the circulation will continue to expand, reaching hundreds to thousands of kilometers. Because the earth rotates at a high speed from west to east, the air column and the earth's surface cause friction, because the closer to the equator, the stronger the friction, which guides the air column to rotate counterclockwise (the southern hemisphere system rotates clockwise), because the speed of the earth's rotation is fast and the air column cannot keep up with the speed of the earth's rotation and forms a sensory westward movement, which forms what we now call typhoons and typhoon paths. The following is a description of the first volume of the geography book of the first year of high school in the people's education edition::

In tropical or subtropical oceans with an ocean surface temperature of more than 26, due to the high near-ocean surface temperature, a large amount of air expands and rises, which reduces the near-ocean surface pressure, and the peripheral air continuously replenishes and rises inflow. Under the influence of the geostrophic deflection force, the incoming air rotates. When the rising air expands and cools, the water vapor in it cools and condenses to form water droplets, which releases heat and causes the low-level air to rise.

As a result, the near-ocean pressure drops lower, the air rotates more violently, and a typhoon is formed. Typhoon Structure Typhoon structure From the typhoon structure, it can be seen that such a huge behemoth must have unique conditions for its generation. First, there must be a vast atmosphere of high temperature and high humidity.

The temperature and humidity of the bottom atmosphere in the tropical ocean are mainly determined by the sea surface water temperature, and typhoons can only form on the warm ocean surface where the sea surface temperature is higher than 26 27, and the sea water temperature at a depth of 60 meters is higher than 26 27. Second, there should be an initial disturbance in which the lower atmosphere converges towards the center and the upper atmosphere spreads outward. Moreover, the high-level divergence must exceed the low-level convergence in order to maintain sufficient updraft, and the low-level disturbance can continue to intensify. 3. The wind speed in the vertical direction should not be too different, and the relative movement of the upper and lower layers of air is very small, so that the latent heat energy released by water vapor condensation in the initial disturbance can be stored in the air column in the eye area of the typhoon, and the warm center structure of the typhoon can be formed and strengthened. Fourth, there should be a sufficiently large geostrophic deflection force, and the earth's rotation is conducive to the formation of cyclonic vortices. The geostrophic deflection force is close to zero near the equator and increases to the north and south poles, and typhoons basically occur over the ocean about 5 degrees above the equator.

How are typhoons formed?

Causes of typhoons: 1. There should be a wide enough tropical ocean surface, and the sea temperature should be higher; 2. There is a weak tropical vortex in advance; 3. There should be a sufficiently large deflection force of the earth's rotation, and the generation position should be 5 latitudes away from the equator; 4. Above the weak low pressure, the difference between the wind direction and wind speed between the high and low altitudes should be small.

Structure of a typhoon: A typhoon is a deep system of depression with a very low central pressure, with significant convergence towards the center in the lower layers and a major outward divergence at the top. If you cut the typhoon horizontally, you can see that there are three distinct areas, from the center to the outward

Typhoon eye area, cloud wall area, spiral rain belt area.

Pros and cons of typhoons: 1. Typhoons bring abundant fresh water to people. 2. Typhoons can also increase fishing production.

3. The maximum speed of the typhoon can reach more than 200 kilometers per hour. 4. Typhoons have made the temperate zone on the natural earth no longer exist, and many plants and animals will also become extinct due to their difficulty in adapting.

Typhoon Precautions:

Listen, watch or check the typhoon warning information on the Internet in time to understand the best anti-typhoon action countermeasures.

Close doors and windows tightly, and fasten structures that are easily blown by the wind.

Move from a dilapidated house to a safe place.

People in low-lying areas that may be flooded should be evacuated in a timely manner.

Check whether the electrical circuit, furnace, gas and other facilities are safe.

Kindergartens, primary and secondary schools should take temporary shelter measures and suspend classes when necessary.

Open-air group activities or large-scale indoor gatherings should be canceled in a timely manner, and evacuation should be done.

Typhoons are initially caused by cumulonimbus clouds, which in tropical oceans are exposed to direct sunlight that can cause temperatures to rise above 26, at which point water vapor condenses into cumulonimbus clouds in the air. After the thermal expansion of the air, a low pressure center will be formed, and a convection system will gradually be formed, and a typhoon will slowly be formed.

A typhoon is a tropical cyclone that forms over a wide area of sea above the tropics or subtropics26. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) defines a tropical cyclone with a central sustained wind speed of 12 to 13 (i.e. a typhoon or hurricane).

Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) defines a sustained wind speed of 118 156 km h at the center (called a typhoon. The western North Pacific (north of the equator, west of the international date line, and east of 100 degrees east longitude) is commonly referred to as a typhoon, while the North Atlantic and eastern Pacific are commonly referred to as hurricanes.

In the summer and autumn of each year, many violent storms called typhoons occur in the northwest Pacific Ocean adjacent to China, some of which dissipate at sea, while others land on land, bringing violent closures and storms, which are a kind of natural disasters.

Natural conditions are necessary for the formation of typhoons, and typhoons form in the air above the vast ocean in summer.

First, the temperature is hot in summer, the surface temperature of the sea water is above 26 degrees Celsius, the heat of the sun will quickly evaporate the seawater, and the water vapor will form cumulus clouds in the air. The higher the temperature, the faster the water evaporates, and the more cumulus clouds form.

Second, the ocean area must be large enough, only in the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean will form typhoons and hurricanes, collectively known as tropical storms. The coast of China is the Pacific Ocean, the storms in the Pacific Ocean are typhoons, European and American countries are the Atlantic Ocean, and the tropical storms formed in the Atlantic Ocean are hurricanes.

Third, the two air currents of the ocean form a whirlpool in the air, such as the Pacific northwest wind, encountering the southeast wind from the direction of Australia, the two air currents merge to form a whirlpool, a large number of water vapor cumulus clouds accumulate in the whirlpool, forming a huge typhoon eye in 3 to 4 days.

The wind speed of the typhoon reaches 50 meters per second, and the coast is 100 kilometers to the land, and the typhoon is in a mess everywhere it goes.

Typhoons are a type of tropical cyclone. A tropical cyclone is a low-pressure vortex that occurs over the tropical or subtropical oceans and is a powerful and deep "tropical weather system". When the sea water is directly irradiated by the sun, a large amount of evaporation, after evaporation, the hot air in the area will flow upward, thus forming clouds, and the surrounding air will replenish the area after the hot air rises, thus forming a typhoon.

Viewed from above, the typhoon is a rotating cloud disk, and from the center outward, it is the eye area, the cloud wall area, and the rotating rain belt area. The eye area of the typhoon is a very peculiar area, where the weather is good, there are no strong winds and waves, and the eye of the storm is elliptical or round. In the Cloud Wall area, the weather here is the most violent, and the wind and rain are concentrated in this area, and beyond the Cloud Wall area, in the rotating rain band area, the wind and rain are much weaker.

Typhoon name rules.

The name of the typhoon is not taken after the typhoon, but has been determined for a long time. At the 30th meeting of the World Meteorological Organization, the naming of typhoons was standardized, and the reason why the naming method was standardized is to better remember and communicate, facilitate the transmission of warning information, and avoid the occurrence of confusing naming.

The naming method is to determine a naming table in advance, 140 names, which are composed of names given by many countries, and the names can be named in order. So these names will be reused later, and there will be a cycle. However, some typhoons that have caused significant damage will have their names kicked out of the naming list and new names added.

Causes: Typhoons originate in tropical seas, where temperatures are high and large amounts of seawater evaporate into the air, creating a center of low pressure. As the air pressure changes and the earth itself moves, the incoming air also rotates, forming a whirlpool of air that rotates counterclockwise, which is called a tropical cyclone.

As long as the temperature does not drop, this tropical cyclone will become more and more powerful, and eventually a typhoon will form. Due to the heavy proportion of sea surface wind and water vapor, in the process of rising, it is cold to form typhoon rain.