What are the ZigBee wireless sensor network topologies?

Zigbee technology.

It has strong networking capabilities, and can form star, tree and mesh networks, and can select the appropriate network structure according to the actual project needs; Star and family tree networks are suitable for applications with many points and relatively close proximity.

Zigbee nodes can be used to form a mesh network, set a zigbee node as the network coordinator, and each other zigbee node can be used as a routing node, or it can be set as a terminal node but lose the routing function. Since Zigbee is generally transmitted in frequency bands, the transmission distance and penetration in its practical application are very poor, and it can only transmit tens of meters to hundreds of meters.

The Zigbee network supports two types of physical devices: Fully Functional Device Nodes (FFDs) and Semi-Functional Device Nodes (RFDs). FFD nodes usually act as network coordinators or routers and can communicate with any device; The RFD node can only be used as the end node of the network, responsible for local information collection and data processing, and can only communicate with the FFD node.

The Zigbee network supports three node types: master, router, and endpoint. The master node is the coordinator, which must be composed of FFD nodes, which is the core of the network and is responsible for establishing a network and delivering addresses.

The routing node is also an FFD node, which searches for the network and joins, and assigns an address to the endpoint node that joins the route. The endpoint can be either an FFD node or an RFD node. There are three types of Zigbee network topologies:

Figure 1: Zigbee network topologies.

In addition, each node maintains a destination sequence number that is used to determine the update route. The node broadcasts hello messages to maintain the local neighbor table and its links within one hop.

There are three main topologies of Zigbee networks: mesh, star, and composite.

1.A mesh network is generally a network formed by several FFDs connected together, and there is complete peer-to-peer communication between them, and each node can communicate with other nodes within its wireless communication range.

2.A star network is a network composed of a PAN coordination point and one or more end nodes, the PAN coordination point must be FFD, which is responsible for initiating, establishing and managing the entire network, and the other nodes, generally RFD, are distributed within the coverage area of the PAN coordination point and communicate directly with the PAN coordination point. Star nets are usually used when the number of nodes is small.

In the composite network, the information collected by the terminal node is first transmitted to the coordination point in the same subnet, and then transmitted to the PAN coordination point of the upper layer of the network through the network joint, and the composite network is suitable for the network with large coverage.

In the Zigbee wireless Changstool sensor network, the relationship between nodes and ports is mainly connected and communicated through the Zigbee protocol.

Each Zigbee node has one or more ports, also known as interfaces, that allow the node to communicate with other nodes or devices. Ports can be used to send and receive data, as well as to configure various parameters of the socks and management nodes.

Typically, the ports of a Zigbee node are associated with a specific function. For example, some ports may be used to communicate with sensors in order to read data and transmit it to other nodes; Other ports may be used to perform certain control operations, such as controlling a device or performing a specific task.

In a Zigbee wireless sensor network, the connection between nodes and ports is based on the Zigbee protocol. The protocol defines the rules of communication and how data is exchanged, as well as how network connections are established and maintained. By using the Zigbee protocol, nodes can reliably communicate with other nodes through ports, thus realizing the functions of the entire network.

Hello, dear, I am happy to answer for you: how to identify Zigbee nodes in wireless sensor networksA: Dear, according to the widely used name, you should be talking about the aggregation node, or called the coordinator, which is responsible for the establishment and management of the entire Zigbee network, and is the center of the network.

The aggregation node is a full-featured device, which can play the role of a gateway and communicate the data of the wireless sensor network with the upper-layer network, such as access to Ethernet, GPRS, etc. The igbee wireless sensor network, also known as the purple bee, is a wireless network protocol for low-speed and short-distance transmission, and the bottom layer is the first access layer and physical layer using IEEE standard specifications. The main features are low speed, low power consumption, low cost, support for a large number of network nodes, support for multiple network topologies, low complexity, fast, reliable, and secure.

Zigbee is a new wireless communication technology suitable for a series of electronic components and devices with short transmission range and low data transmission rate. Zigbee wireless communication technology is often referred to as Home RF Lite wireless technology and Firefly wireless technology because it can coordinate communication with thousands of tiny sensors with each other relying on specialized radio standards. Zigbee wireless communication technology can also be applied to a small range of wireless communication-based control and automation and other fields, can save computer equipment, a series of digital equipment between the wired cable, but also can realize a variety of different digital equipment between each other wireless networking, so that they can achieve mutual suppression communication, or access to the Internet.

The topology of the Zigbee network has three mechanisms: star topology, tree topology and mesh topology

In a star topology, the network consists of a coordinator node and a series of slave nodes. The coordinator node is responsible for setting up and managing the entire network, and other nodes join the network by communicating directly with the coordinator node. The network communication of this topology is characterized by the fact that all nodes communicate on the same channel, and communication can only take place between nodes and coordinator nodes.

Therefore, the star topology is suitable for situations where the number of nodes is small and the communication range is small.

Tree topology:

A tree topology is an extension of a star topology where coordinator nodes can connect multiple child nodes, and each child node can connect its own child nodes. This structure allows nodes in the network to communicate in a multi-hop fashion. The communication feature of a tree topology is that each node establishes a parent-child relationship, and each node can only communicate with its parent or child nodes.

Therefore, tree topologies are suitable for situations where the coverage is large but the number of nodes is limited.

Mesh topology:

In a mesh topology, the network consists of multiple coordinator nodes and a series of slave nodes. Coordinator nodes are connected to each other to form a mesh network, and slave nodes join the network by communicating with the coordinator node or another slave node. The network communication feature of this topology is that the communication between nodes can be carried out between any two nodes, and the communication can be carried out through multi-hop.

Therefore, mesh topologies are suitable for situations with large coverage areas and a large number of nodes.

The above is a brief introduction to the three topologies of Zigbee networks and their network communication characteristics, the specific characteristics may vary depending on different Zigbee protocol versions or devices, it is recommended to refer to the official documentation or technical manual of the relevant equipment for accurate information.