What are the common car breakdowns and temporary repair techniques?

Valve gelding, winter cars, especially after the use of unclean gasoline, the non-combustible gum in the gasoline will accumulate near the intake, exhaust valves and combustion chambers, which will cause hard starting, or even no fire in the cold morning. Emergency method: You can drop some oil into the combustion chamber, which can generally be started.

After starting, go to the service station for dismantling and cleaning, and seriously dismantle the car for maintenance and cleaning of the cylinder head.

The ignition system is not in good working condition, especially in cold weather, due to the low intake temperature, the fuel is not atomized well in the cylinder, if the ignition energy is insufficient, the result will be flooding, that is, too much fuel accumulates in the cylinder, exceeds the fire limit concentration and can not land. Emergency method: You can unscrew out the spark plug to wipe off the oil between the electrodes, and you can start the car after installation.

The thorough approach is to check the ignition system and rule out the causes of low ignition energy, such as spark plug electrode gaps, ignition coil energy, high-voltage line status, etc.

What to do if the car tire is leaking, if the car is leaked due to the piercing of a sharp object, the method of comprehensive inspection of the car tire can be taken. When the steering wheel is unstable, park the car in a safe place first, and then fully inspect the tire air loss. If the car leaks due to the wrong way of driving, you can take the driving method of paying attention to the correct operation.

Master the speed and avoid hard objects such as stones on the road. When parking, try to stay away from the road to avoid scratches. When it cannot be repaired, the tire should be replaced in time.

The exhaust pipe is frozen, and the appearance is characterized by fog cylinder pressure, normal oil supply and power supply, and no car. This situation is easy to occur in the use of particularly low frequency of vehicles, such as the home is particularly close to the unit, the water vapor after the combustion of the engine freezes at the muffler of the exhaust pipe, the ice of yesterday is not finished after short-distance driving, and today's ice is frozen, and the time is long, affecting the exhaust, and it is serious and cannot be started.

The flow of gasoline is blocked, and the performance is characterized by no oil pressure in the engine supply pipe. This situation usually occurs in the morning when the temperature is very low, and is caused by long-term dirt in the fuel line. When the temperature is very low, the water mixes with debris and the fuel line is blocked, and as a result, it cannot be started.

Emergency method: Put the car in a warm environment, and the car can start after a while; Or use the method of cleaning the oil circuit to solve it completely.

The battery loses power, and the performance is characterized by the starter starting to rotate but the speed is not enough, that is, it is weak, and then the starter only clicks and does not rotate. Low temperature in winter and forgetting to turn off individual electrical equipment will cause the vehicle to be unable to start, especially in winter for long-term short-distance low-speed use, the battery voltage will be lower than the rated value, starting and unable to operate normally.

When the performance of the car declines, the following methods can be adopted: for the engine oil, the oil filter should be replaced every 5,000 kilometers, and the air filter and gasoline filter need to be replaced every 10,000 kilometers, otherwise the impurities in the air, fuel and oil will cause parts to wear and block the oil circuit, thereby affecting the normal operation of the engine. It is necessary to maintain the car more and carry out regular maintenance and repairs.

For cars that are randomly connected or self-connected to the electrical appliances and audio in the car, the lap parts and lap parts should be checked first, and the fault should be eliminated. Because it is very easy to cause the failure of the car computer and other electrical appliances to burn due to the random connection of electrical appliances and audio, such faults should be eliminated first, and then repaired and replaced with other damaged parts, which can avoid repeated rework and repair.

What should I do if the car won't start? In this new era of diversification, the car is not only a means of transportation for people's lives, but also an expression of consumers' own character, thoughts and pursuits, and plays an indispensable part in human life. However, in the face of the car not starting, we should first find out the reason why the car cannot start, and then prescribe the right medicine.

The first: burn the oil. The phenomenon of burning engine oil is as follows: 1. Touch the exhaust pipe with your hands, find that there is a black and wet oil sludge accumulation, and smell the organic oil. 2. Blue smoke comes from the exhaust pipe of the car. 3. In the case of no oil leakage, the oil is seriously lacking.

There are two main reasons why cars burn engine oil. One is the common problem of the model, which is difficult to solve.

One is caused by excessive wear and aging of the internal components of the engine as the vehicle ages. This situation can be solved by simply replacing excessively worn and aging parts.

The second: vehicle jitter. There are many reasons for vehicle jitter. It is possible that there is a problem with the chassis, such as loose structures such as front and rear suspension, steering, and transmission.

It may be a problem with the tires, such as a large difference in tire pressure between the four tires; There is a problem with the dynamic balance of the tire, etc.

In addition, problems in any part of the ignition system, air intake system, and fuel system may cause the car to shake.

Solution: First determine that there is a problem with the car, and then repair it symptomatically.

The third: the fault light of the dashboard is on. For example, engine fault lights, tire pressure warning lights, oil warning lights, and so on. Depending on the model, the difference will be large. It is recommended to check the vehicle instruction manual, which will have a clear explanation.

Solution: Stop for inspection, if the situation is more serious, don't continue driving, contact a 4S shop or a professional auto repair shop as soon as possible, and ask for professional help.

Fourth: battery problems. For example, the battery is losing power, the battery life reaches the limit, and so on. There is a problem with the battery, the car can't catch fire, and there is a "squeak" sound when it is fired, and the car dashboard lights up the fault light.

The life of a battery is generally about four years, that is to say, it is necessary to consider replacing the battery in about four years. In addition, when locking the car at night, be sure to turn off the electrical facilities in the car, especially the headlights, if you forget to turn it off, the battery is easy to lose power the next day.

1.The car is unusually loud.

Car abnormal noise is the most common, especially the interior abnormal noise (ceiling, AB pillar, center console, etc.), if this abnormal noise is not very large, it is recommended not to deal with it, the more you deal with it, the more you suffer.

2.Car odors.

It is mainly the smell of various accessories in the cab, most of the accessories are plastic, and there are some other parts, and the various odors produced are mixed together to become the odor in the car.

3.The working condition of the car is abnormal.

If some abnormal phenomena suddenly appear in the use of the car, it should be prevented from occurring, and the engine suddenly stops; No braking during braking; If the steering suddenly fails while driving, you should pay attention to it, and do not feel that it is okay to do it immediately, and be sure to go to the nearest maintenance station for inspection.

4.The car engine overheats.

The overheating of the engine is mainly caused by insufficient cooling water, poor radiator cover and thermostat, loose or broken fan belt, blockage of cooling water and insufficient oil in the lubricating oil system.

5.The exhaust smoke of the car is abnormal.

Usually the car emits green smoke, usually burning engine oil.

6.The car is driving abnormally.

The abnormal driving of the car is manifested as the car can not accelerate, steer and brake according to the driver's wishes, and the failure of the car's control mechanism and actuator can be perceived, in addition to the inspection and adjustment of the accelerator pedal, brake pedal, clutch pedal and steering wheel and its transmission mechanism, the car should also be comprehensively inspected. Find out the fault and repair it normally before it can be used.

Generally, when judging what faults have occurred in the car, the maintenance workers will use the following methods:

1.Judge car failures by "smelling".

When detecting the fault problem of Hyundai automobiles, maintenance personnel can judge according to the smell of the gas emitted by the car, and whether the gas has an oily smell will be the key basis for the maintenance personnel's judgment. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, it can be replaced and troubleshooting. Under normal circumstances, it is not commonly used to diagnose in the form of "smell", but as long as the form of diagnosis of "smell" is reasonably used, the overall maintenance effect can be guaranteed, so this method should be used more reasonably.

2.Judge car failures by "listening".

Diagnosing car faults in the form of "listening" is a maintenance method that many maintenance personnel are more commonly used in the maintenance of modern cars, by pressing the clutch pedal and observing the change of its sound, you can quickly judge the fault problem of the car. Because the speed of the front axle and the flywheel is very close, the front bearing of the shaft will be almost in a stationary state, but if the speed has basically reached a complete standstill, the bearing will rise with the speed of the engine, and the sound will become louder and louder. It can be seen that diagnosing car faults in the form of "listening" is also a very effective way to troubleshoot, which is important for the diagnosis of mechanical faults, and does not require any additional maintenance costs.

3.The method of "trial" is used to judge the fault of the car.

Compared with other traditional automobile fault diagnosis methods, the method of diagnosing automobile faults in the form of "trial" is slightly more complicated, therefore, there are certain requirements for the professional level of maintenance personnel, and under normal circumstances, diagnosing automobile faults in the form of "trial" will present the following forms: first, in order to be able to accurately find the fault of the car and find the main problems it generates, this fault will be simulated, so as to find out the real cause of the failure. Second, in order to be able to make accurate judgments, new parts are used to replace old parts that are suspected to be defective.

Finally, the test run is carried out repeatedly, the elimination method is used to eliminate the fault generated by the car, and the specific causes of the car failure are confirmed in the process of test run, so as to solve the problem in a targeted manner.

4.Judge car failures by "touching".

For the different faults caused by the car, the diagnosis methods to be selected will be different, and different diagnosis methods should be adopted according to the actual situation. For example, when the car has a fault in the air conditioning system, ignition system, and cooling system, it can diagnose the car fault in the form of "touch", so that the speed and actual fault problems of the car can be found as quickly as possible, and the diagnosis effect can be twice the result with half the effort.

There are direct observation methods, vibration and noise measurement, non-destructive testing, wear residue measurement, and machine performance parameter measurement method.

1. Abnormal noise of the car. Once the car has abnormal noise, it means that the car has broken down or will break down, which is equivalent to an alarm. 2. Car odor.

The peculiar smell here is not the formaldehyde smell in the new car, but the smell of gasoline and burning. 3. Check the oil stains. The chassis and engine compartment are regularly inspected for any oil stains.

4. Automobile exhaust. Under normal working conditions, the engine exhaust is not obvious smoke, and it will be slightly whitish when the car is cool in winter, and if there is a blue or black color, there must be a problem. 5. Automobile tires.

What we need to pay attention to in car tires is tire pressure, and cars without tire pressure monitoring can be judged with the help of the old tire pressure gauge or with the naked eye.

There are mainly computer car reading, appearance inspection, road driving detection, abnormal noise detection, rear exhaust pipe detection, front hood engine detection.

There are many, which can be judged manually, mechanically, or by computer and electronic control systems, and can also be judged early by the integration of blind stove computers.

The first is that the car engine burns oil, which occurs most in turbocharged engines, and Volkswagen and Honda have burned engine oil, which is caused by the design defects of the engine, which can only be reduced by maintenance and adjustment of driving habits, and cannot be avoided.

In addition, the gearbox shake is also very common, this situation is naturally the failure of the gearbox, but it does not affect everyone's daily use, and the internal structure of the gearbox is very complex, and it is very difficult to maintain, so there is no choice but to replace this situation. The last type is that the car does not have enough power when it starts, which is caused by the low torque of the engine and cannot be repaired.

The car is a complex mechanical tool, with the use of time there will be a lot of small problems, but some problems are design defects, maintenance will not cure the root cause, and it costs a lot of money, for most of the economic conditions of the average car owner is not cost-effective, whether to repair or not to consider their own consideration.

Minor faults in the general engine emission system of automobiles do not need to be repaired immediately, and there are some faults with slight cracks in the chassis rubber sleeve that can be seen by the naked eye and do not need to be repaired immediately.

It is difficult to say specifically, it can only be said that the failure of the normal engine does not affect the normal driving under the brakes does not need to be repaired immediately.

The category of automobile repair is divided according to the repair object and the depth of work. According to the repair object and the depth of operation, it is divided into: automobile overhaul, assembly repair, automobile minor repair and parts repair.

For some minor faults of the car, if it does not affect the safety and normal driving, you can wait until the next maintenance time to deal with it, such as:

1.Tire wear: As long as the tread depth is within the specified range, the tire does not need to be replaced immediately;

2.Exhaust pipe leakage: If it is a small exhaust pipe gap leakage, it does not affect the normal start and driving of the car, and can be repaired until the next maintenance;

3.Body scratches: If there are some slight scratches and damage to the body, although it affects the appearance, it does not affect the normal driving of the car, and it can be temporarily not repaired;

4.Broken lights: If the lights are only slightly damaged or some small glass cracks, it will not affect the brightness and normal operation of the lights, and you can consider replacing them during the next maintenance. Sedan faction.

It should be noted that if the car has safety and driving problems, such as poor brakes, Mingshi steering system failure, engine shaking, etc., it must be repaired in time, otherwise the sail limb will bring serious safety hazards and even lead to accidents.