What are the first and second Antarctic research stations in the world

The first: Great Wall Station.

The second: Zhongshan Station.

China's Antarctic research stations are:

1. China Antarctic Great Wall Station:

The Great Wall Station of China in Antarctica is the first scientific research station established by China in Antarctica. The perennial scientific research station set up by China in Antarctica for scientific research in Antarctica is located on the Fields Peninsula in the western part of King George Island in the South Shetland Islands of Antarctica.

2. Zhongshan Station, Antarctica, China:

China Antarctic Zhongshan Station, referred to as Zhongshan Station, is one of the scientific research stations established by China in Antarctica, established on February 26, 1989, located in the Lasman Hills of the East Antarctic continent.

3. Kunlun Station, Antarctica, China:

Kunlun Station, Antarctica, China, is China's first Antarctic inland research station, the location is determined to be 80 degrees 25 minutes 01 seconds south latitude, 77 degrees 06 minutes 58 seconds east longitude, and an elevation of 4087 meters, located about kilometers southwest of Ice Dome A, the highest point of the Antarctic inland ice sheet. This is also the third Antarctic research station established by China since the establishment of the Great Wall Station and Zhongshan Station in Antarctica.

4. Taishan Station, Antarctica, China:

"Taishan Station" is China's fourth Antarctic scientific research station after the Great Wall Station, Zhongshan Station and Kunlun Station. Its name implies solidity, stability, solemnity, national peace and security, etc., and represents the meaning of the Chinese nation standing majestically among the nations of the world.

5. China Antarctic Ross Sea New Station:

The new station in the Ross Sea is the fifth Antarctic research station in China. Located along the coast of the Ross Sea, one of the three major bay systems in Antarctica, facing the Pacific sector, it is an area where typical natural geographical units such as lithosphere, cryosphere, biosphere and atmosphere interact in Antarctica, and has important scientific research value.

There are 5 Antarctic research stations.

In the year, China's first Antarctic scientific research station, the Great Wall Station, was completed, and the southern latitude Huaixiang was 62 degrees 12 minutes and 59 seconds, which is outside the Antarctic Circle from the latitude position.

In the year, China's second Antarctic research station, Zhongshan Station, was completed, with a latitude of 69 degrees 22 minutes and 25 seconds south latitude.

Kunlun Station, China's third Antarctic research station, was completed, reaching 80 degrees 25 minutes 02 seconds south latitude, about kilometers southwest of Ice Dome A (4,093 meters above sea level), the highest point of the Antarctic ice sheet, and is China's first Antarctic inland research station.

In the year, Taishan Station, China's fourth Antarctic research station, was completed, with a latitude of 73 degrees 51 minutes south latitude. The altitude of Taishan Station is 2621 meters, which is relatively high in the scientific research station, and it is more appropriate to name it after Mount Tai.

5. The new station in the Ross Sea is the fifth Yanfeng Antarctic research station in China. It is located along the coast of the Ross Sea region, one of the three major bay systems in Antarctica, and faces the Pacific sector. On February 7, 2018, the foundation stone was officially laid on the island of Enksburg, which is expected to be completed in 2022.

Why can't the research station directly touch the ground?

Because the ice surface is not very stable, changes in the environment and climate may affect the normal operation of the research station.

The temperature in the polar region is too low, so the temperature of the ground is also very low, in order to ensure the warmth of the room, the bottom is left blank to avoid direct contact with the ground, so as to effectively ensure the warmth of the room and save energy.

The China Antarctic Research Station is a scientific experiment base that provides Chinese scientists and scientific research groups or organizations to carry out a number of disciplinary investigations and studies on Antarctica, and a number of major scientific researches, and its earliest scientific research station, the Great Wall Station, was completed on February 20, 1985.

China's Antarctic research stations include the Great Wall Station of Antarctica, Zhongshan Station of Antarctica, Kunlun Station of Antarctica, and Taishan Station of Antarctica. and the fifth research station under construction on Enksburg Island, the new Ross Sea station in Antarctica, China.

Geographical environment. <>

The Great Wall Station was completed on 20 February 1985 and is located on King George Island, South Shetland; Its geographical location is 62°12'59'N, 58°57'52'W.

King George Island, where the Great Wall Station is located, is the largest island in the South Shetland Islands. It is bordered by the Drake Strait to the north and is 960 kilometers away from Cape Horn in South America; It is separated from the Antarctic Peninsula by the Bransfield Strait to the south, a distance of about 130 kilometers. On the island, in addition to the Great Wall Station, there are 7 research stations set up by other countries.

Adjacent to China are Ferre Station in Chile, Belinsgauchin Station in Russia, Artigas Station in Uruguay and King Sejong Station in South Korea.

Schematic diagram of the location of the Antarctic research station in China.

The Great Wall Station covers an area of about square kilometers. The station area is a hilly terrain composed of volcanic rocks, which is step-shaped, high in the west and low in the east, with an average altitude of 10 meters. The surface is made up of gravel and gravel, with permafrost below the average meter.

According to the observation data since 1985, the average temperature of January is the highest and the lowest in January. The average temperature in July is -8 in the winter month, with the highest and the lowest being . The annual precipitation is about 630 mm, and snowfall is the main thing.

Frequent snowstorms are the biggest feature of the Great Wall Station, with more than 60 days of strong winds (17 m seconds) per year, and the maximum wind speed can reach m s.

Research facilities. There are 10 large-scale permanent buildings in the Great Wall Station, including living buildings, scientific research buildings, meteorological buildings, cultural and sports buildings, power generation buildings, comprehensive warehouses, food warehouses, etc. It can accommodate about 60 people in summer and about 20 people in winter.

Scientific research projects. The main routine scientific research and observation items during the wintering period are: meteorology, high-resolution satellite cloud image reception, **, ionospheric observation.

The Great Wall Station of China is a perennial scientific research station established by the China Polar Research Center in Antarctica, and the first scientific research station established by China in Antarctica. Located on the Fields Peninsula in the west of King George Island in the South Shetland Islands of Antarctica, it is bordered by the Great Wall Bay in Maxwell Bay to the east, with easy access and abundant water with snow-capped slopes in the background.

The research station was officially completed on February 20, 1985, with 25 buildings of various kinds, with a total construction area of about 4,200 square meters, which can accommodate 60 people in summer and about 20 people in winter.

The Great Wall Station of China is a perennial scientific research station established by the China Polar Research Center in Antarctica, and the first scientific research station established by China in Antarctica. Located on the Fields Peninsula in the west of King George Island in the South Shetland Islands of Antarctica, it is bordered by the Great Wall Bay in Maxwell Bay to the east, with easy access and abundant water with snow-capped slopes in the background.

The research station was officially completed on February 20, 1985, with 25 buildings of various kinds, with a total construction area of about 4,200 square meters, which can accommodate 60 people in summer and about 20 people in winter.

The Great Wall Station of China is a perennial scientific research station established by the China Polar Research Center in Antarctica, and the first scientific research station established by China in Antarctica. Located on the Fields Peninsula in the west of King George Island in the South Shetland Islands of Antarctica, it is bordered by the Great Wall Bay in Maxwell Bay to the east, with easy access and abundant water with snow-capped slopes in the background.

The research station was officially completed on February 20, 1985, with 25 buildings of various kinds, with a total construction area of about 4,200 square meters, which can accommodate 60 people in summer and about 20 people in winter.

It should be the Great Wall Station. It was first built on February 20, 1985, and is the first scientific research station established by China in Antarctica.

The earliest Antarctic research station in China is the Great Wall Station, which was completed on February 20, 1985.

China's first permanent research station in Antarctica was the Great Wall Station. Located on the Fields Peninsula west of King George Island in the South Shetland Islands of Antarctica.

The geographical environment of Antarctica, which is unique to Antarctica, is called by scientists: "the key to unlocking the mysteries of the earth" and "the holy land of natural science experiments". Because it is alone, the atmosphere is not polluted, which provides excellent conditions for observing celestial bodies; There are thousands of meteorites in Antarctica, which is a rare base for peeking into the mysteries of outer space; Antarctica is one of the sources of the Earth's atmospheric circulation and has an important impact on global climate change. Discoveries from other parts of the planet, which became extinct 6 million years ago, may be seen in Antarctica, and these discoveries may help us unravel the mystery of the origin of life on Earth, and also provide a scientific basis for further solving the mystery of the evolution of the world's land and sea.

The first Chinese Antarctic expedition departed from Shanghai on January 2 0, 1984, and arrived at George Island in the South Shetland Islands of Antarctica on December 26. At 15 o'clock on the 30th, two landing craft, "Great Wall" No. 1 and "Great Wall" No. 2, carrying 54 members of the expedition, landed in the southern part of the Fields Peninsula, where the first five-star red flag was raised. At l0 o'clock on the 31st, on George Island in Antarctica, the foundation stone engraved with the "China Antarctic Great Wall Station" brought from the motherland was erected on the land of Antarctica.

When the New Year's bell rings, when the people of the motherland serve the New Year's dinner, the construction of the Great Wall Station in Antarctica of China begins.

China has five research stations in Antarctica. Great Wall Station, Xinjian Station, Kunlun Station, Zhongshan Station, Taishan Station.

At present, China has four scientific research stations in Antarctica, namely the Great Wall Station, Zhongshan Station, Kunlun Station and Taishan Station. There is also a fifth scientific research station under construction, called Ross Sea New Station. On November 8, 2017, China's 34th Antarctic expedition team took the "Snow Dragon" from Shanghai to Antarctica, starting the preliminary work for the construction of the fifth Antarctic research station.

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