What is the root cause of triboelectric induction?

When two objects rub against each other, because the nuclei of different objects have different abilities to bind electrons outside the nucleus, one of them must lose some electrons and the other gain excess electrons.

Explain in detail. Modern science tells us that any object is made up of atoms, and atoms are composed of positively charged nuclei and negatively charged electrons, and electrons move around the nucleus.

Under normal circumstances, the number of positive charges in the nucleus band is equal to the number of negative charges in the electron band outside the nucleus, and the atom is not electrically charged, so the whole object is neutral. It is difficult to change the number of positive charges in the nucleus, but the electrons outside the nucleus can get rid of the nucleus and transfer to another object, so that the number of negative charges in the electron belt outside the nucleus changes. When an object loses electrons, the total number of negative charges in its electron band is less than the positive charge of the nucleus, showing that it is still positively charged; On the contrary, an object that would otherwise be neutral, when it gets electrons, it shows being negatively charged.

The root cause is the transfer of electrons.

As the protons of different substances have different attractive forces towards electrons.

Some of the electrons with strong attraction attract the weak ones (simply looking), and the extra electrons make the object show negative characteristics.

And those that lose electrons show positive electricity.

The root cause is the transfer of electrons.

The reason for triboelectric electricity is that when two objects rub against each other, because the nuclei of different objects have different abilities to bind electrons outside the nucleus, one of them must lose some electrons and the other object gains excess electrons.

If a glass rod is rubbed against silk, some of the electrons of the glass rod are transferred to the silk, and the glass rod is positively charged due to the loss of electrons, and the silk is negatively charged due to the electrons it gets. Rub the rubber rod against the fur, some of the electrons of the fur are transferred to the rubber rod, the fur belt is positively charged, and the rubber rod carries the same amount of negative electricity.

The nature of triboelectric induction.

Two Charges: There are only two types of charges that exist in nature. It is stipulated that the charge of the glass rod that has been rubbed by silk is called a positive charge, and the charge of a rubber rod that has been rubbed with fur is called a negative charge.

Interaction between charges: Charges of the same species repel each other, and charges of different species attract each other.

Any two objects rubbing against each other can be electrified. In the mid-18th century, the American scientist Benjamin Franklin analyzed and researched that there are two kinds of electricity with different properties, called positive electricity and negative electricity. The electricity carried by the object due to friction is either positive or negative.

Substance: The essence of triboelectric power is the transfer of electric charge.

The above content refers to Encyclopedia - Triboelectric Electricity.

The reason for triboelectric electricity is that when two objects rub against each other, because the nuclei of different objects have different abilities to bind electrons outside the nucleus, one of them must lose some electrons and the other object gets excess electrons.

The phenomenon of using friction to electrify two different objects is called frictional electrification.

The frictiond object has the property of attracting small and light objects, which is the phenomenon of triboelectric induction. Its essence is the transfer of electric charge.

Triboelectric induction is not essentially the creation of electricity, but the transfer of charge from one object to another, separating the positive and negative charges, and the total amount of charge does not change. Two objects rubbing against each other must have an equal amount of dissimilar charge, one of them must lose some electrons, and the other must gain excess electrons. The essence of triboelectric power is the transfer of electric charge.

One is negatively charged.

If the imbalance is charged, and neither object can form a path with the earth or other conductors, it becomes a positively charged substance, and the ability of different substances to attract electrons is different.

The atom gets electrons to be negatively charged and thus charged.

In the final analysis, it is the transfer of electrons from one object to another, the imbalance of positive and negative charges, friction causes electrons to run away from substances with poor ability to bind electrons, and the loss of electrons is positive.