What is a trust? What was the first trust in China

After an order is generated, the value formed around this order can reach more than 95%, such as design, testing, molding, market measurement, analysis, logistics, warehousing, documents, export, shipping, historical transaction records, etc., it would be a pity if you give up the value of the surroundings. Ten years ago, Alibaba's model was so successful that it created meet-and-greets between Chinese companies and international sellers, and ten years later we learned that there was a lot more to be done around orders. In addition to yellow pages and transactions, logistics, documents, information, tools, and finance can all be carried on one platform.

It is a coal company in East China. A trust is formed by the merger of many enterprises that produce similar goods or have a close relationship with their products, with the aim of monopolizing the sales market, competing for the origin of raw materials and the scope of investment, and strengthening the competitive power in order to obtain high monopoly profits.

The board of directors of the trust manages all production, sales and financial activities in a unified manner, and the leadership is in the hands of the largest capitalists, and the original owners become shareholders who receive dividends according to their shares. The capitalists who participated competed fiercely for the distribution of profits and for leadership.

Monopolies that produce similar goods or are closely related in production, and in order to obtain high profits, they cooperate comprehensively from production to sales. Since the end of the nineteenth century, trusts in the United States have developed rapidly. The trusts of Western European countries appeared a little later, but in the First World War.

Later, there was also a rapid development. Currently, trusts are most developed in the United States. The trust itself is a legal person, and the board of directors of the trust centralizes all business and financial activities, and the original enterprise becomes a shareholder of the trust, and profits are distributed according to equity.

Antitrust law, also known as anti-monopoly law, is a general term for legislation, administrative regulations, judicial precedents and international treaties used to control monopolistic activities in domestic and foreign economic activities. Broadly speaking, monopolistic activity is equivalent to restrictive business practices ("restriction" means restricting competition), cartel conduct, and trust activity;

In a narrow sense, international restrictive business practices refer to mergers and takeovers (monopoly activities in the narrow sense) carried out by enterprises in economic activities in order to obtain high profits, or collusion to carry out unfair business activities such as collusive bidding, manipulation, and market division (restrictive business practices in the narrow sense).

Antitrust means antitrust. Antitrust law is antitrust law.

The emergence of antitrust law is inseparable from various factors such as economic, political and even social trends in the United States in the mid-to-late 18th century.

A deeper understanding of the U.S. federal antitrust law requires a thorough grasp of the social context in which it is based.

The factors that had the most significant impact on the creation of the U.S. federal antitrust law:

Originated from the rapid industrialization process after the First and Second Industrial Revolutions and the consequent rapid economic growth; The unprecedented emergence of giant enterprises due to large-scale mergers and acquisitions and the abuse of their monopoly power have led to profound social contradictions.

Antitrust law can be simply defined as a general term for legal norms whose basic content is to regulate business conduct and thus maintain market competition. Its contents mainly include three aspects: first, the control of anti-competitive behaviors of two or more business operators through mutual consultation, second, the control of the abuse of the dominant market position by a single enterprise that occupies a dominant position in a certain market, and the third is the control of enterprise mergers and acquisitions that lead to excessive concentration of the industrial structure.

It mainly includes the Anti-Unfair Competition Law, the Anti-Monopoly Law and other laws and regulations to prevent bad competition and promote fair trade.

The trust is the monopoly of large conglomerates!

Antitrust is the restriction of the emergence of monopolies.

Trust literally translates to business trust (originally meaning the ownership of managed property). One of the advanced forms of monopolies. It is formed by the merger of many enterprises that produce similar goods or have a close relationship with their products.

It aims to monopolize the sales market, compete for the origin of raw materials and the scope of investment, and strengthen the competitive force to obtain high monopoly profits. Participating enterprises lose their production, commercial and legal independence. The board of directors of the trust manages all production, sales and financial activities in a unified manner, and the leadership is in the hands of the largest capitalists, and the original owners become shareholders and receive dividends according to their shares.

The capitalists who participated competed fiercely for the distribution of profits and for leadership.

To put it bluntly, it is antitrust.

Trust is a form of capitalist monopoly organization, in which monopoly capital enterprises that produce similar goods or have close ties in production cultivate a monopoly alliance from production to sales in order to obtain high profits. The trust itself is a legal person, and the board of directors of the trust centralizes all business and financial activities, and the original enterprise becomes a shareholder of the trust, and profits are distributed according to equity, and the participants lose their independence legally and in terms of production and marketing.

The syndicate (French: le syndicat) is one of the forms of monopoly organization. Enterprises participating in the syndicate still maintain their own independence in production and law, but they have lost their commercial independence, and the sales of goods and raw materials are handled by the headquarters of the syndicate.

There is competition among the various enterprises within it for a share of sales.

A cartel is an organization of a series of independent enterprises that produce similar products, producers acting collectively with the aim of increasing the production of such products** and controlling their production. Cartels are illegal under U.S. antitrust laws. Cartel is one of the forms of monopoly organization.

An enterprise that produces or sells a certain similar commodity, in order to monopolize the market and obtain high profits, forms an alliance through agreements on the commodity, production and sales. The members of this alliance remain independent in production, commerce and law. Hope.

A trust refers to a monopoly organization formed by a number of enterprises of the same nature or related to each other in order to monopolize the market and obtain high source profits.

Trusts are one of the advanced forms of monopoly organization. It is formed by the merger of many enterprises that produce similar goods or products that are closely related, with the aim of monopolizing the sales market, competing for the origin of raw materials and the scope of investment, and strengthening the competitive force in order to obtain high monopoly profits.

Participating enterprises lose their production, commercial and legal independence. The board of directors of the trust manages all production, sales and financial activities in a unified manner, and the leadership is in the hands of the largest capitalists, and the original owners become shareholders and receive dividends according to their shares. The capitalists who participated competed fiercely for the distribution of profits and for leadership.

Monopolies that produce similar commodities or have close ties in production and are formed by comprehensive cooperation from production to sales in order to obtain high profits. Since the end of the nineteenth century, trusts in the United States have developed rapidly. Trusts in Western Europe appeared a little later, but they also developed rapidly after the First World War.

The main types of trusts

There are two main types of trusts. The first is formed on the basis of Jinda Shenrong's control, and its participants are formally independent, but in fact they are completely subordinate to the head office. This kind of head office is essentially a kind of holding company, which exercises financial control over other companies by holding their first control shares.

Second, it is formed on the basis of the complete merger of enterprises. This type of merger is either a merger of similar firms of similar size, or a stronger firm swallows up a smaller firm. The head office of this type of trust is a business company that directly controls production and marketing.