Help!! Types and History of Chinese Musical Instruments! Thank you

There are five main categories of all musical instruments in the world: body sonature instruments, membrane sound instruments, air sound instruments, string sound instruments, and electric sound instruments. The ** community believes that the sound apparatus used for ** is a musical instrument, and the musical instrument academic community regards many non-** field sound apparatus as musical instruments.

Types of musical instruments. Musical instruments are instruments that can produce musical sounds and carry out artistic recreation, and human beings can express and exchange thoughts and feelings by playing musical instruments.

Musical instruments are a spiritual possession that humans have possessed for a long time and have been enriched with the progress of mankind.

Common musical instruments are: piano, flute, drums, guitar, etc.

1. Percussion instruments include: bells, chimes, clappers, wooden fish, bangzi, simple boards, big gongs, small gongs, cloud gongs, package gongs, horse gongs, light cymbals, water cymbals, bell plows, ploughshares, triangles, drums, drums, drum kits, drums, board drums, waist drums, octagonal drums, book drums, fishing drums, elephant foot drums, long drums, hand drums, sabai, Nugura drums, small drums, timpani, tambourine, castanets, xylophones, bells, glockenspiel and so on

2. Wind instruments: dong flute, sheng, flute, suona, siren, trumpet, reed sheng, dong flute, ruler.

8. Bagpipes, piccolo, flute, oboe, English pipe, spring pipe, bassoon (bassoon), cornet, trumpet, French horn, trombone, tuba, saxophone, saxophone, etc

3. Stringed instruments include: qin, se, zheng, gonghou, pipa, ruan, xiansanxian, yueqin, dulcimer, dombula dumbraga coconut qin, rewafu guitar, mandolin monochord, harp, huqin, erhu, sihu, jinghu, banhu, coconut hu, pendant qin, horse-head qin, violin, viola, cello, double bass, etc.

Keyboard instruments include: piano, organ, pipe organ, accordion, celesta and other <>

The classification of Chinese musical instruments is as follows:

1. Wind instruments: Most of the pronunciation bodies of wind instruments are made of bamboo or wood.

According to its different vibration methods, it can be divided into three categories: flutes (flutes and bangdi) flutes that are blown into the mouthpiece to provoke the vibration of the pipe string by air flow, flutes (flutes and bangdi), mouth flutes, etc.; The air flow is blown into through the reed to make the pipe string vibrate, such as suona, siren, pipe, double pipe and throat cherry section tube; The air flow through the reed causes the vibration of the pipe string, such as sheng, sheng, paisheng, bao, bao, etc.

2. Plucked musical instruments: horizontal and vertical. Horizontal such as: Zheng (Guzheng and Modulation Zheng), Guqin, Yangqin and Duxian, etc.; Vertical styles such as: pipa, ruan, yueqin, sanxian, liuqin, dongbula and zha munie, etc.

3. Percussion instruments: Percussion instruments are not only rhythmic instruments, but also each group of percussion groups can be played independently, which plays an important role in setting off the content, dramatic plot and aggravating expressiveness.

4. Stringed instruments: mainly refers to huqin instruments. With beautiful articulation, rich expressiveness, high performance skills and artistic level, stringed instruments are widely used for solo, ensemble, ensemble and accompaniment.

Eight-tone classification of traditional musical instruments:

In the Zhou Dynasty, China has a method of classifying musical instruments according to different production materials, and divides musical instruments into eight categories: gold, stone, silk, bamboo, plaster, earth, leather, and wood, which are called "eight sounds". From the Zhou Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty Xiaoheng for more than 3,000 years, China has been using the "eight tones" classification method. According to the records of "Zhou Lichun Guan", the "eight sounds" are "gold, stone, earth, leather, silk, wood, plaster, and bamboo".

Depending on the material, the sound of the spine of the instrument is also very different. The materials used to make the "Eight Tones" musical instruments include plants, animals, metals and stones, reflecting people's understanding of nature and the development of handicrafts and manufacturing at that time. Since its emergence, the "eight-sound" classification has always occupied the mainstream of the classification of traditional musical instruments in China.

The classification of this musical instrument had strict rules in ancient times. This has also formed a ritual and music civilization that has had a significant and far-reaching impact on the history of Chinese civilization development since the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, and the existence of the ritual music system has also laid the tone of traditional Chinese culture.

Confucius, the founder of Confucianism, devoted his life to the ritual music system of the Western Zhou Dynasty, which also had a significant and far-reaching impact on the development of Chinese society in later dynasties.

The classification of musical instruments is an important topic in musical instrument science, which can be roughly divided into two types: one is the customary classification of ethnic groups, also known as traditional classification; The second is the modern classification method based on acoustic physical induction, also known as logical classification.

1. The traditional classification mainly refers to the customary classification formed in the history of the ancient high-culture regions of the world. It includes: the Chinese eight-tone classification system (gold, stone, silk, bamboo, kuang, earth, leather, wood); India's binary classification (stringed instruments, air instruments), five classifications (single skin, double skin, foreskin, percussion and air instruments) and four classifications (leather instruments, stringed instruments, metal percussion instruments, air instruments).

2. Arabic binary classification (solid musical instruments [including percussion, plucking, and rubbing instruments]; cavity instruments [wind instruments]) and the European trilogy of classifications (wind instruments, string instruments, percussion instruments). Each of these taxonomies has its own connotation and basis for classification.

3. The modern classification system classifies all musical instruments in the world into five categories: body sound instruments, membranous sound instruments, air sound instruments, string sound instruments and electric sound instruments.

Silk: All kinds of stringed instruments, because the strings in ancient times were made of silk. There are qin, se, zhu, pipa, huqin, gonghou and so on.

Bamboo: Wind instruments dressed up in front of the bamboo, flutes, flutes, flutes, pan flutes, pipes, etc.

Gourd-like plant fruits, mainly sheng.

Soil: It is a pottery musical instrument, xun, ocarina, pottery drum, etc.

Gehu San: Mainly all kinds of drums, mainly hanging drums and building drums.

Wood: It is rare now, and there are all kinds of wooden drums, drums, and knots. It is an ancient percussion instrument, the shape is in the shape of a tiger, there is a zigzag thin wooden board on the back of the tiger, and the bamboo tube Hui that is split into several stems at one end is used to make a stove, and the zigzag pronunciation is scraped against it, and the end of the music is composed.

It has been used in the court of the past dynasties. 柷 is an ancient percussion instrument, shaped like a square wooden box, wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and hits its inner wall with a vertebra (wooden stick) to make a sound, indicating that the music is about to begin. It has been used in the court of the past dynasties.