What are the drinking customs? What are the drinking customs in China?

Qingming Festival: The time is around April 5 of the solar calendar. People generally combine the Cold Food Festival and the Qingming Festival into one festival, and there are customs of sweeping tombs and going out.

It began in the Jin Kingdom during the Spring and Autumn Period. There is no restriction on the consumption of alcohol during this festival. According to the Tang Dynasty Duan Chengshi's "Youyang Miscellaneous" records:

In the Tang Dynasty, after holding a banquet and drinking in the palace of the Qingming Festival, Xianzong Li Chun gave the prime minister Li Jiang wine. There are two reasons for drinking alcohol during the Qingming Festival: one is that during the Cold Food Festival, you can't light a fire and eat hot food, you can only eat cold food, and drinking alcohol can increase calories; The second is to use alcohol to calm or temporarily anesthetize people's feelings of mourning their loved ones.

The ancients wrote more poems about Qingming drinking, and Bai Juyi in the Tang Dynasty wrote in the poem: "Where is the unforgettable wine, Zhumen is a beautiful boy, after the spring equinox flowers, before the cold food moon." <

Du Mu wrote in the poem "Qingming": "During the Qingming Festival, it rains a lot, and the pedestrians on the road want to break their souls; By asking where the restaurant is, the shepherd boy pointed to Xinghua Village. "Dragon Boat Festival:

It is also known as Duanyang Festival, Chongwu Festival, Duanwu Festival, Chongwu Festival, Daughter's Festival, Tianzhong Festival, and Dila Festival. It was on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar, which was formed around the time of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. In order to ward off evil spirits, eliminate evil, and detoxify, people have the custom of drinking calamus wine and realgar wine.

At the same time, there is also the custom of drinking toad wine for aphrodisiac and longevity, and drinking acacia flower wine for calm sleep. The most common and widespread is the drinking of calamus wine. According to the literature:

During the Guangqi period of the Tang Dynasty (885-888), there were cases of drinking "calamus wine". Yin Yaofan of the Tang Dynasty wrote in a poem: "The juvenile festival is full of affection, and when you are old, who knows how to feel emotional, and does not follow the customs of Ai Fu, but prays for Pu wine to be peaceful."

Later, it gradually spread widely among the people. It has been recorded in the literature of the past dynasties, such as the Tang Dynasty's "Waitai Secrets", "Qianjin Fang", the Song Dynasty's "Taiping Shenghui Fang", the Yuan Dynasty's "Yuan Barnyard Banknotes", the Ming Dynasty's "Compendium of Materia Medica", "Puji Fang" and the Qing Dynasty's "Qing Barnyard Banknotes" and other ancient books, all contain the recipe and method of taking this wine. Calamus wine is a traditional seasonal drink in our country, and the emperors of previous dynasties also listed it as a seasonal fragrant mash for imperial meals.

Liu Ruoyu of the Ming Dynasty recorded in the "History of the Ming Palace": "At noon on the fifth day of the first month, drink cinnabar, realgar, calamus wine, and eat zongzi. Gu Tieqing of the Qing Dynasty also recorded in "Qing Jialu":

Grinding the end of male huanghuang, crumbs of pu root, and wine to drink, called realgar wine". Because realgar is poisonous, people no longer drink it with realgar mixed with wine. The drinking of toad wine and night acacia wine are recorded in the "Female Red Yu Zhi" and the "History of Southern Mingye" written by Sanyu in Nansha in the Qing Dynasty.

Korean "New Year's Wine": This kind of wine is mostly brewed before the "New Year's Festival". The first festival of the year is equivalent to the Spring Festival of the Han nationality, and the "New Year's Wine" is based on rice, with bellflower, parsnip, sanjiao, cinnamon and other multi-flavored Chinese medicinal materials, similar to the "Tusu Wine" of the Han nationality, but the recipe of the medicinal materials is different.

It is used for self-drinking and hospitality during the Spring Festival, and the folk believe that drinking this wine can ward off evil spirits and live a long life. <>

Hani "New Valley Wine": Every year before the autumn harvest, the Hani people living in the Yuanjiang area of Yunnan Province, according to traditional customs, have to hold a sumptuous ceremony of "drinking new grain wine" to celebrate the harvest of grains and the safety of people and animals. The so-called "new grain wine" is a handful of ripe grain from the field, hanging upside down on the edge of a small fence on the upper part of the gable wall at the right rear of the hall, asking the god of the house to protect the crops, and then cutting off 100 grains, some of which are fried into grain flowers, some of which are not fried, and put them in wine bottles to soak in wine.

Drinking "Shintani Sake" is chosen on an auspicious day, where every household buys a sumptuous meal, and the whole family, young and old, without exception, drinks a few sips of "Shintani Sake". This meal is to everyone's heart's content.

The ancients generally drank alcohol during holidays, banquets, dust washing, weddings, funerals, birthday banquets, and sacrifices, and toasted to the guests during the banquet, and the younger generations should kneel down first, and then they could sit down and drink, and they should follow the etiquette of the wine field.

Generally, it is to drink during the New Year's holidays or when you are happy, and then male high school Zen students must reach the age of 20 before they can drink; At that time, more attention was paid to the custom of wine, and after the burial of the deceased, wine would be placed in the tomb, which placed the expectations of the living on the dead.

They usually drink alcohol at night during the clan watch. I will drink when some stalls have festivals, I will also drink when I am very noisy and festive, and I will also drink when there are happy events.

As the saying goes, "ten miles of different winds, a hundred miles of different customs". That is to say, in all parts of the country, as long as there is a certain distance apart, then people's clothing, food, housing, transportation, language and culture will be different, and they all have their own characteristics, for example, in terms of language, this is especially obvious in the south of our country. As a southerner, I often go to the next town, or county, and I don't understand the language.

In short, there are too many different aspects, and the only thing in common is that everyone is Chinese.

This regional difference is also the same in terms of wine, different places have different amounts of wine, methods and techniques, etc., which are collectively called drinking customs, and these customs are also an important part of China's wine culture. There are many places to drink alcohol all over the country, and today I will take stock of the drinking customs in these places, and ask if you know all of them? As we all know, some local customs are particularly particular, so it is recommended to learn about them in advance to avoid jokes.

1. Beijing - The wine should be strong and full.

The people of Beijing have inherited the bold and straightforward character of the northerners, so they like to drink spirits, and they must be poured to the brim. In their eyes, only spirits are "strong" and have the feeling of really drinking.

There is also a common name called "full wine" about Beijingers drinking and pouring, which has a saying that "there is a wine dissatisfaction, and the heart is dissatisfied". When you're drinking with Pekingese, no matter how big your glass is, you have to fill it up, otherwise the other party will think you're insincere, you know? Find out ahead of time and avoid jokes.

2. Tianjin - the higher the degree, the more energetic.

Tianjin people also love to drink high-grade spirits, especially Laobaigan in Hebei, and the energy will increase with the increase of the degree. Tianjin people's wine table is very humorous and funny, which is related to the sense of humor in the bones of Tianjin people, and it is understandable to think about Tianjin cross talk being famous.

In addition, let me tell you a little secret: Tianjin people generally have a good face when drinking, especially in the wine bureau, they will worry that the other party will look down on them, so they will definitely not be outdone when fighting wine, so most of the Tianjin people on the wine table will be drunk.

3. Shanxi - Chongli and righteousness.

Shanxi's Confucian style is relatively simple, so it also pays attention to respecting etiquette and righteousness in drinking. In the habit of Shanxi people, if the wine on the wine table is not drunk, rice will never be served. In addition, when the banquet is toasted to the first round of wine, the guests must also drink, and regardless of the amount of alcohol, otherwise they are considered to look down on the protagonist, which is especially important to pay attention to, and avoid jokes.

4. Zhejiang-Rationality first.

Zhejiang people mainly drink rice wine, and it is relatively neat, and the wine is drunk in front of them. This may be related to the fact that Zhejiang people love to engage in business from ancient times to the present, Zhejiang people frequently participate in business activities, practice a good amount of alcohol, and can also grasp the relationship between primary and secondary, so they will drink rationally, and there is almost no experience of getting drunk.

5. Fujian - potential stocks.

Fujian people drink more interestingly, that is, different places in the same province have different customs, for example, Xiamen people drink very "civilized", plain to the end; Quanzhou people like to drink and divide into two "factions", and then the two "forces" compete; Longyan people are "fighting alone", and winning or losing is a personal matter.

One side raises one side of the people.

One side of the water and soil to raise one side of the people, one side of the landscape has one side of the customs, the mountains and rivers are beautiful, the scenery is like flowers, a hundred miles of different habits, thousands of miles and customs. Different products, different customs, inheritance of different customs.

Brief introduction. Several major festivals of the Han nationality in a year have corresponding drinking activities, such as drinking "calamus wine" on the Dragon Boat Festival, "chrysanthemum wine" on the Chongyang Festival, and "New Year wine" on Chinese New Year's Eve. In some places, such as Jiangxi folk, after planting seedlings in spring, it is necessary to gather to drink, and even more to drink when celebrating the harvest.

New Year, also called Chinese New Year's Eve, is the most important festival of the Han people, is the day of family reunion, Chinese New Year's Eve dinner is the most sumptuous banquet of the year, even if poor, usually do not drink much, wine in the Chinese New Year's Eve dinner is essential.

After eating the Chinese New Year's Eve dinner, some people still have the custom of drinking and keeping vigil. On the first day of the first lunar month, in some places, people generally do not go out, from the second day of the first lunar month, they begin to visit the door, there are guests who come to the door, and the host will have prepared the exquisite wine dishes on the table, pour wine, and celebrate the New Year.

Wine culture. Alcohol is one of the main beverages in human life. China has a long history of wine-making, with a wide variety of varieties and famous wines, which are well-known at home and abroad.

Rice wine is one of the oldest liquors in the world, about 3,000 years ago, in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, the Chinese created the double fermentation method of koji and began to make rice wine in large quantities. Wine has permeated the entire 5,000-year history of Chinese civilization, and has occupied an important position in Chinese's life in all aspects, from literary and artistic creation, cultural entertainment, food and cooking, health care and so on.

At the end of the year, the old year has passed, the new year has come, and drinking is the best way to say goodbye to the old and welcome the new. In many places, the elders are given a drink before drinking during the Chinese New Year, firstly to thank the past year for a safe and healthy time, and secondly, to wish a long and healthy life in the coming year.

No wine is not a feast. During the Spring Festival, there is basically no scene of eating alone, and when there are too many people, it is inevitable to drink, and there must be a good atmosphere for the New Year, so that there is good hope for the New Year. And without wine, it seems that the taste of the year has faded a little.

The Chinese New Year is a lively and festive celebration, and wine has naturally become the best tool for fun. After drinking, people tend to unconsciously get happy.

Drink spring wine during the Spring Festival.

Historically, drinking "spring wine" was a very popular Spring Festival culture. The ancients believed that around the Spring Festival, "the earth and qi have penetrated", which is a good season for brewing and drinking. There is a poem in the Book of Songs, "For this spring wine, to Jiemei Shou", and later, people often take the word "spring" as the name of the wine.

In addition to celebrating the festival, drinking spring wine also has the effect of driving away evil and blessing longevity.

As early as the Western Zhou Dynasty, in order to celebrate the harvest of the year and the arrival of the new year, the ancients held fine wine, carried the lamb, gathered together, held the horn cup, and congratulated in unison. Since then, it has opened a precedent for New Year's drinking. In the Han Dynasty, the "year" was fixed as a legal holiday, and drinking during the Spring Festival also became a trend.

Origin of the festival

The origin of ancient traditional festivals is related to ancient primitive beliefs, sacrificial culture, astrological signs, calendars and other humanistic and natural cultural contents. According to the research results of modern anthropology and archaeology, there are two most primitive beliefs of human beings: one is the belief in heaven and earth, and the other is the belief in ancestors.

Most of the ancient traditional festivals were formed by the ancients to choose a day to sacrifice to thank the gods of heaven and earth, the kindness of ancestors, and pray for blessings and ward off evil spirits.

The early festival culture reflected the nature worship of the ancients and the harmony between heaven and man.

1. The humanistic spirit of pursuing the distance cautiously and thinking about the source; A series of sacrificial activities contain the profound cultural connotation of respect, morality, etiquette and music. The origin and development of the New Year's Festival covers the humanities, philosophy and natural laws.