Who first invented the use of letters to represent numbers, and which country of 5 he was

About 2,500 years ago, when the Romans were still in the early stages of cultural development, they used their fingers as a calculation tool. For the sake of representation.

One, two, three, and four objects stretch out.

one, two, three, four fingers; It means that five objects have a hand outstretched; It means that ten objects stretch out two hands. This habit has been used by mankind to this day. When people are talking, they often use this gesture to represent numbers.

At that time, in order to record these numbers, the Romans drew on sheepskin instead of the number of fingers; When you want to represent a hand, it is written in the shape of " ", which indicates the shape of the big finger and index finger open; When it means two hands, it is drawn in the shape of "", and later it is written as one hand up and one hand down" This is the prototype of Roman numerals. Later, in order to represent larger numbers, the Romans used the symbol c to represent a hundred. C is the first letter of the Latin word "century", and century means one hundred.

One thousand is represented by the symbol m. M is the first letter of the Latin word "mille", which means thousand. Take half of the letter c and become the symbol l, which means fifty.

Five hundred are represented by the letter d. If you draw a horizontal line on top of a number, the number will increase by a thousandfold. In this way, Roman numerals have the following seven basic symbols:

1）、ⅴ5）、ⅹ10）、l（50）、c（100）、d（500）、m（1000）。Roman numerals have a different meaning from decimal digits, it does not represent a number of zeros and has nothing to do with the carry system. Roman numerals were difficult to write, so they were rarely used by later generations.

Nowadays, some clocks still use it to indicate the number of hours on the surface. In addition, Roman numerals are used in manuscript chapters and scientific classifications. In Chinese publications, Roman numerals are mainly used for certain **, such as product models, etc.

The computer ASC code contains the combined Roman numeral 1 12.

The English alphabet is derived from the Latin alphabet, which is derived from the Greek alphabet, which in turn evolved from the Phoenician alphabet.

As people know, there are 26 letters in the English language. But the origin of these 26 letters, I'm afraid not many people know. It turns out that the English alphabet is derived from the Latin alphabet, and the Latin alphabet is derived from the Greek alphabet, which in turn evolved from the Phoenician alphabet.

Phoenicia was an ancient civilization on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean, roughly equivalent to the coastal area of present-day Lebanon and Syria. "Phoenicia" is the Greek name for this region, meaning "purple country", so named after the abundance of purple dye in the area. The Romans called it the "Punic".

Around the 13th century BC, the Phoenicians created the first alphabetic script in human history, with a total of 22 letters (without vowels). This is the great contribution of the Phoenicians to human culture. The Phoenician alphabet was the beginning of the world's alphabet writing.

In the West, it was derived from the ancient Greek alphabet, which in turn developed into the Latin alphabet and the Slavic alphabet. And the Greek and Latin alphabets are the basis of all Western alphabets. In the East, it derives the Alaméan alphabet, which in turn evolves into the Indian, Arabic, Hebrew, Persian and other national alphabets.

China's Uyghur, Mongolian, and Manchu alphabets also evolved from this.

According to research, the Phoenician alphabet was mainly based on the pictorial writing of ancient Egypt. In ancient Egypt, "a" was a drawing that meant a "bull's head"; "b" is a picture that means "home" or "yard"; "c" and "g" are drawings that represent "curved rulers"; "D" is a drawing that means "door leaf"; "E" is a drawing that represents a "man who raises his hands and shouts"; "f", "v", "y" are drawings that mean "sticks" or "sticks"; "H" is a drawing that means "a scroll of hemp silk"; "i" is a drawing that means "hand"; "K" is a drawing that means "palm"; "M" is a drawing that means "water"; "n" is a drawing that means "snake"; "o" is a drawing that means "eye"; "P" is a drawing that means "mouth"; "Q" is a drawing that means "rope loop"; "R" is a drawing that means "human head"; The "s" and "x" are drawings that denote "hilly land" or "fish"; "t" is a drawing that means "vertical cross"; "z" is a drawing that means "prying" or "arrow". By the 2nd century BC, the Latin alphabet had included these 23 letters.

Later, for the convenience of engraving and handwriting, and in order to distinguish the vowel "v" from the consonant "v", the lower part of the original "v" was changed to a circle and the vowel "u"; The two "Vs" were joined together to create a "W" for consonants, and this "W" appeared in the 11th century. Later, the "i" was slightly changed to create a consonant "j". In this way, the original 23 letters plus the three letters "u", "w", and "j" constitute a 26-letter alphabet.

In the Middle Ages, the Latin alphabet was largely formalized, and later Western scripts (including English, of course) evolved from it.

Arabic numerals, which are used as standard numbers in countries around the world.

Arabic numerals were not invented by Arabs but by Indians, and should actually be classified as an Indian language. In 700 A.D., the Arabs united in Islam conquered the surrounding peoples and founded the eastern part of India, and around 700 years ago, the Arabs conquered the Punjab region, and they were surprised to find that the conquered areas were more advanced in mathematics than they were.

Later, the Arabs introduced these numbers to Spain and other countries of faith, and Arabic numerals originated in India but were transmitted to the Quartet through the Arabs, which is why they came to be called Arabic numerals.

The current English alphabet was not formed at one time, or explicitly invented at one time, it evolved slowly over history.

The earliest modern English alphabet is derived from the Greek alphabet.

table, and the Greek alphabet, in turn, is derived from Phoenicia.

The Phoenician was the first person in the world to invent the alphabet, and later in 403 BC, the Greek alphabet added h and , which is now finalized.

However, it is important to note that the English alphabet is by no means the same as the English language, and that the English nation was not formed as early as everyone thinks, and that throughout the history of Europe, various regions are closely connected, and the history of language is inseparable from it.

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The father of French algebra at the end of the 16th century: Veda.

The first numerals to be invented were Arabic numerals, which were first invented by the Indians, then introduced to Europe by the Arabs, and then modernized by the Europeans.

Arabic numerals consist of 10 counting symbols: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. Take the place value method, the high position is on the left, the low position is on the right, and the writing is from left to right. With the help of a few simple mathematical symbols (decimal point, minus sign, percent sign, etc.), this system can unambiguously represent all rational numbers.

In order to represent very large or extremely small numbers, scientific notation was created on the basis of Arabic numerals.

Arabic numerals were introduced to our country around the 13th to 14th centuries. Because there was a kind of number called "arithmetic chips" in ancient China, which was more convenient to write, Arabic numerals were not popularized and used in China in time at that time. At the beginning of the 20th century, with the absorption and introduction of foreign mathematical achievements in China, Arabic numerals began to be used slowly in China, and Arabic numerals have a history of more than 100 years in China.

Arabic numerals have now become the most commonly used numbers in people's study, life and communication.

Numbers were not invented by the Arabs, but originated in ancient India. The numbers were later mastered by the Arabs for business, improved, and spread to the West. - Basic common sense.